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Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine Aug 2023The terms hoarseness and dysphonia are used interchangeably, and both describe a type of altered vocal quality affecting one-third of patients. While hoarseness may be... (Review)
Review
The terms hoarseness and dysphonia are used interchangeably, and both describe a type of altered vocal quality affecting one-third of patients. While hoarseness may be secondary to benign conditions such as reflux or viral laryngitis, it may suggest benign or malignant vocal-fold pathology. It is important for caregivers to know how to evaluate, treat, and when to refer patients for direct visualization via laryngoscopy. In this article, we review basic laryngeal anatomy and function, symptoms of vocal-fold pathology, and current guidelines from the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery on the diagnosis and treatment of dysphonia, including patient referral.
Topics: Humans; United States; Hoarseness; Dysphonia; Laryngitis; Gastroesophageal Reflux; Laryngoscopy
PubMed: 37527869
DOI: 10.3949/ccjm.90a.23010 -
Neurosurgical Review Sep 2023Collet-Sicard syndrome (CSS) is the unilateral palsy of the cranial nerves (CN) IX, X, XI, and XII. To our knowledge, no review describes the characteristics of patients... (Review)
Review
Collet-Sicard syndrome (CSS) is the unilateral palsy of the cranial nerves (CN) IX, X, XI, and XII. To our knowledge, no review describes the characteristics of patients diagnosed with CSS. Therefore, this review aims to collect and describe all cases in the literature labeled as CSS. We performed a scoping review of the literature and conducted a database search in Embase and PubMed. We included articles and abstracts with case reports or case series of patients with CSS diagnosis. We classified the cases into two groups: "CSS", referring to patients presenting exclusively with IX-XII nerve involvement, and "CSS-plus", which corresponds to cases with CSS and other neurological impairments. We included 135 patients from 126 articles, of which 84 (67.7%) were male. The most common clinical manifestations reported were dysphagia and dysphonia. The most common etiology was tumoral in 53 cases (39.6%) and vascular in 37 cases (27.6%). The majority of patients showed partial or total improvement, with just over half receiving conservative treatment. The most frequent anatomic space was the jugular foramen (44.4%) and the parapharyngeal retrostyloid space (28.9%). Approximately 21% of the patients had other CN impairments, with the seventh and eighth CN most frequently compromised. We conclude that although there is a need for greater rigor in CSS reporting, the syndrome has a clear utility in identifying the localization of jugular foramen and parapharyngeal retrostyloid space pathology.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Glossopharyngeal Nerve Diseases; Glossopharyngeal Nerve; Conservative Treatment; Databases, Factual; Deglutition Disorders
PubMed: 37707587
DOI: 10.1007/s10143-023-02145-7 -
Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical... Apr 2024To describe recent findings in endotyping occupational asthma by addressing the role of specific biomarkers. (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
To describe recent findings in endotyping occupational asthma by addressing the role of specific biomarkers.
RECENT FINDINGS
Studies on occupational asthma endotypes have focused on immune and inflammatory patterns associated with different occupational exposures to sensitizers or irritants.Sputum neutrophilia has been found in 58.5% patients with occupational asthma caused by high molecular weight (HMW) agents, and work-related dysphonia in patients with occupational asthma was described as associated with sputum neutrophilia too. Neutrophils have been associated also with irritant-induced asthma. The measurement of specific IgE has been confirmed as a valuable diagnostic tool in occupational asthma caused by HMW agents, on the contrary, for most low-molecular-weight agents, the presence of specific IgE has been proven in a small subset of affected workers. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide has been confirmed as a marker of type 2 (T2) inflammation in occupational asthma, mostly when induced by HMW agents (e.g. flour), and it has proved to be more sensitive than spirometry in measuring the efficacy of an intervention.MicroRNA-155 has been shown to contribute to airway inflammation in occupational asthma induced by toluene diisocyanate.
SUMMARY
Occupational asthma is heterogeneous, thus monitoring multiple biomarkers is crucial to understand, which inflammatory responses are prevalent.
Topics: Humans; Asthma, Occupational; Biomarkers; Inflammation; Neutrophils; Immunoglobulin E; Occupational Exposure; Occupational Diseases; MicroRNAs
PubMed: 38295127
DOI: 10.1097/ACI.0000000000000969 -
American Journal of Speech-language... Jul 2024The purpose of this study was to compare the prevalence of dysphonia and dysphagia among adults in the United States between 2012 and 2022. (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to compare the prevalence of dysphonia and dysphagia among adults in the United States between 2012 and 2022.
METHOD
A retrospective and cross-sectional design with national surveys was used. The 2012 and 2022 National Health Interview Surveys were utilized to estimate the number of adults reporting dysphonia and dysphagia in the past 12 months. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to examine associations between the survey year (2022 vs. 2012) and the prevalence rate of dysphonia and dysphagia while accounting for demographics and clinical characteristics.
RESULTS
The population-estimated mean age was 46.63 years in 2012, which increased to 48.12 years in 2022. In 2012, adults reporting dysphonia and dysphagia were 17.89 million (7.62%) and 9.44 million (4.02%), respectively. In 2022, these estimates increased to 29.92 million adults (11.71%) and 15.10 million adults (5.91%), respectively. Adults in 2022 had significantly higher odds for reporting dysphonia (odds ratio [] = 1.602, 95% confidence intervals [CIs] [1.486, 1.726], < .0001) and dysphagia ( = 1.461, 95% CI [1.328, 1.606], < .0001) in the past 12 months compared to adults in 2012.
CONCLUSIONS
The population-estimates indicated that in 2022, dysphonia affected one in 8.5 adults and dysphagia affected one in 17 adults. The increase in prevalence of these disorders should serve as a call-to-action to improve access to care and research for voice and swallowing disorders.
Topics: Humans; Dysphonia; Deglutition Disorders; United States; Male; Female; Middle Aged; Prevalence; Cross-Sectional Studies; Adult; Retrospective Studies; Aged; Young Adult; Adolescent; Health Surveys; Logistic Models; Odds Ratio; Risk Factors
PubMed: 38713813
DOI: 10.1044/2024_AJSLP-23-00407 -
European Archives of... Nov 2023
Topics: Humans; Dysphonia; Voice Quality; Saliva; Hoarseness; Xerostomia
PubMed: 37542563
DOI: 10.1007/s00405-023-08171-x -
American Journal of Otolaryngology 2023Dysphonia is a common symptom due to the coronavirus disease of the 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Nonetheless, it is often underestimated for its impact on human's health.... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
PURPOSE
Dysphonia is a common symptom due to the coronavirus disease of the 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Nonetheless, it is often underestimated for its impact on human's health. We conducted this first study to investigate the global prevalence of COVID-related dysphonia as well as related clinical factors during acute COVID-19 infection, and after a mid- to long-term follow-up following the recovery.
METHODS
Five electronic databases including PubMed, Embase, ScienceDirect, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were systematically searched for relevant articles until Dec, 2022, and the reference of the enrolled studies were also reviewed. Dysphonia prevalence during and after COVID-19 infection, and voice-related clinical factors were analyzed; the random-effects model was adopted for meta-analysis. The one-study-removal method was used for sensitivity analysis. Publication bias was determined with funnel plots and Egger's tests.
RESULTS
Twenty-one articles comprising 13,948 patients were identified. The weighted prevalence of COVID-related dysphonia during infection was 25.1 % (95 % CI: 14.9 to 39.0 %), and male was significantly associated with lower dysphonia prevalence (coefficients: -0.116, 95 % CI: -0.196 to -0.036; P = .004) during this period. Besides, after recovery, the weighted prevalence of COVID-related dysphonia declined to 17.1 % (95 % CI: 11.0 to 25.8 %). 20.1 % (95 % CI: 8.6 to 40.2 %) of the total patients experienced long-COVID dysphonia.
CONCLUSIONS
A quarter of the COVID-19 patients, especially female, suffered from voice impairment during infection, and approximately 70 % of these dysphonic patients kept experiencing long-lasting voice sequelae, which should be noticed by global physicians.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Dysphonia; Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome; COVID-19; Voice; Voice Training
PubMed: 37354724
DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2023.103950 -
JAMA Otolaryngology-- Head & Neck... Apr 2024
Topics: Humans; Dysphonia; Immunosuppressive Agents; Transplantation, Homologous
PubMed: 38451545
DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2024.0057 -
Journal of Voice : Official Journal of... Sep 2023The terminology and classification of voice disorders are complex topics. For this reason, developing a consensus in the scientific community regarding such a topic... (Review)
Review
The terminology and classification of voice disorders are complex topics. For this reason, developing a consensus in the scientific community regarding such a topic would bring a wide range of benefits to this field of study. The study is originally divided into parts A and B, and part A explored general propositions of voice disorder classification systems. Now, Part B of this study explores the classification of voice disorders in specific conditions and diagnoses. A scoping review was performed after an electronic and manual search, resulting in the inclusion of 20 studies in Part B. The articles were published between 1993 and 2020, most of which originated from the United States. The specific conditions covered by the studies were muscle tension dysphonia (MTD), spasmodic dysphonia, dystonias, and psychogenic voice disorders, among others. The terminology used to refer to these conditions, especially when hyper-functional aspects of the larynx are involved also varied. Six studies proposed classification systems, while another 14 studies discussed classifications and/or stressed the need for additional studies regarding laryngeal conditions such as these. Among the studies that proposed classification methods, the number of groups varied between two and six, with MTD being the most studied condition. In conclusion, recent studies seek to reduce the number of classifying categories in voice disorders, despite understanding the specificity of wide-ranging clinical profiles. Disorder etiology is the foundation for these proposals. In Part B of this study, specific diagnoses of voice and laryngeal conditions are shown to be classified with a descriptive and visual approach, such as an examination of the larynx. Technological evolution can improve voice and laryngeal semiotics and lead to more automated classification of voice disorders.
PubMed: 37666744
DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2023.07.012 -
Journal of Voice : Official Journal of... Nov 2023The main objective of this study is to estimate the prevalence of persistent dysphonia in hospitalised COVID-19 patients.
INTRODUCTION
The main objective of this study is to estimate the prevalence of persistent dysphonia in hospitalised COVID-19 patients.
METHODS
Data were collected from those COVID-19 patients who, during the months of March to April 2020, were hospitalised in ward or intensive care unit at the University Hospital of Fuenlabrada. Patients with dysphonia prior to SARS-CoV-2 were excluded. Informed consent was obtained orally by a telephone call, as well as clinical and epidemiological data. Patients who reported persistent dysphonia were assessed using the Voice Handicap Index 10, the maximum phonation time, the s/z ratio and a fibrolaryngoscope examination. Patients who reported persistent dysphagia were assessed with the Eating Assessment Tool 10.
RESULTS
A total of 79 patients were included in the study (48 men and 31 women). 10 ICU patients (25%) and 4 ward patients (10,3%) had dysphonia at least 3 months after hospital discharge, but no association was found between ICU admission and the presence of persistent dysphonia (P = 0.139). Persistent dysphonia in patients admitted to the ICU is associated with persistent dysphagia (P = 0.002), also the age of patients with persistent dysphonia is significantly higher than the age of non-dysphonic patients (P = 0.046). The most frequent exploratory finding was vocal cord paresis/paralysis (60.4%).
CONCLUSION
This is one of the first studies to show that persistence of dysphonia may be a consequence of COVID-19, so further studies are needed to assess the evolution and prognosis of these patients and the possible association of dysphonia with the severity of the disease.
Topics: Male; Humans; Female; Dysphonia; COVID-19; Deglutition Disorders; SARS-CoV-2; Vocal Cord Paralysis
PubMed: 34384660
DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2021.07.001