-
Indian Journal of Pathology &... 2023Teratomas are germ cell tumors occurring usually in gonadal organs. They are neoplasms composed of one or more of the three germ layers. Extragonadal teratomas are... (Review)
Review
Teratomas are germ cell tumors occurring usually in gonadal organs. They are neoplasms composed of one or more of the three germ layers. Extragonadal teratomas are uncommonly reported in the literature. The liver is an extremely rare site for teratoma, constituting < 1% of all teratomas. The majority of the liver teratomas are found in the pediatric population with only a dozen cases reported in adults to the best of our knowledge. We present a case of a 27-year-old male with a history of abdominal pain of 5 months duration. CT scan revealed liver mass suggesting teratoma. The patient underwent cholecystectomy and segmental liver resection. Histopathology revealed mature cystic teratoma. Complete resection remains the best treatment option. Teratomas of the liver are extremely rare, constituting < 1% of all teratomas. An extensive review of the literature yielded < 50 cases of primary hepatic teratomas with only a dozen cases in adults and only two cases in males.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Male; Dermoid Cyst; Hepatectomy; Liver; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal; Teratoma
PubMed: 38084546
DOI: 10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_430_21 -
Pediatric Radiology May 2024Orbital pathologies can be broadly classified as ocular, extraocular soft-tissue (non-neoplastic and neoplastic), osseous, and traumatic. In this paper, we discuss the...
Orbital pathologies can be broadly classified as ocular, extraocular soft-tissue (non-neoplastic and neoplastic), osseous, and traumatic. In this paper, we discuss the key imaging features and differential diagnoses of congenital and developmental lesions (dermoid cyst, dermolipoma), infective and inflammatory pathologies (pre-septal cellulitis, orbital cellulitis, optic neuritis, chalazion, thyroid ophthalmopathy, orbital pseudotumor), and non-neoplastic vascular anomalies (venous malformation, lymphatic malformation, carotid-cavernous fistula), emphasizing the key role of CT and MRI in the imaging work-up. In addition, we highlight the adjunctive role of ocular ultrasound in the diagnosis of dermoid cyst and chalazion, and discuss the primary role of ultrasound in the diagnosis of vascular malformations.
Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Diagnosis, Differential; Diagnostic Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Orbital Diseases; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 38413469
DOI: 10.1007/s00247-024-05892-x -
Asian Journal of Surgery Nov 2023article's main point: This article retrospectively analyzes clinical data from a rare case of fetal retroperitoneal solid, mature teratoma, aiming to provide insights...
article's main point: This article retrospectively analyzes clinical data from a rare case of fetal retroperitoneal solid, mature teratoma, aiming to provide insights into diagnosing and treating fetal teratomas. This case of fetal retroperitoneal teratoma provides the following insights into diagnosis and treatment: 1) Due to the special nature of the retroperitoneal space, retroperitoneal tumours grow hidden, especially in fetal retroperitoneal tumours that are even more difficult to detect. Prenatal ultrasound screening is of great value for the diagnosis of this disease. 2) Although ultrasound can determine the location and blood flow of the tumour and monitor changes in its size and composition, there is a certain degree of misdiagnosis due to fetal position, clinical experience, and imaging resolution. When necessary, fetal MRI can provide further evidence for prenatal diagnosis. 3) Although fetal retroperitoneal teratoma is rare, a few tumours grow rapidly and have the potential for malignant transformation. When a solid cystic mass lesion in the retroperitoneal space is found during the fetal period, this disease should be considered as one of the differential diagnoses and distinguished from fetal renal tumours, adrenal tumours, pancreatic cysts, meconium peritonitis, parasitic fetus, and lymphangioma, among others. 4) Based on the situation of the pregnant woman, fetus, and tumour, the time and method of termination of pregnancy should be decided. After birth, the timing and manner of surgery and postoperative follow-up should be determined by neonatology and pediatric surgery.
Topics: Female; Child; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Pregnancy; Retroperitoneal Space; Retroperitoneal Neoplasms; Retrospective Studies; Teratoma; Fetus; Magnetic Resonance Imaging
PubMed: 37202258
DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2023.05.016 -
International Journal of Paleopathology Dec 2023This paper describes the fifth case of a mature ovarian teratoma reported in the bioarchaeological literature, contributing to the temporal and geographical distribution...
OBJECTIVE
This paper describes the fifth case of a mature ovarian teratoma reported in the bioarchaeological literature, contributing to the temporal and geographical distribution of known examples of this unusual pathology.
MATERIALS
An 18-21-year-old female found in situ within a multi-chambered subterranean tomb in the North Desert Cemetery at Amarna, Egypt (founded c. 1345 BCE) was recovered associated with a multi-lobed roughly ovoid calcified mass and two associated teeth identified within the pelvic cavity.
METHODS
Macroscopic evaluation alongside careful differential diagnosis.
CONCLUSIONS
The presence of multiple teeth and their degree of development provided sufficient evidence to identify this mass as an ovarian teratoma found in association with a young woman buried in one of the most richly adorned burials in the non-elite cemeteries at the New Kingdom site of Amarna. The teratoma is interpreted within our understanding of the broader social context of ancient Egyptian medical knowledge.
SIGNIFICANCE
This case is the only reported example of a mature ovarian teratoma from Pharaonic Egypt, and Africa more broadly, predating other reported cases by several centuries. It adds considerable temporal and geographical depth to our understanding of this condition in the past.
LIMITATIONS
This study was limited to macroscopic examination of remains and would likely benefit from either x-ray or CT-scanning of the object to examine the internal structure.
SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH
Further consideration of the likely physical implications of this pathology, along with the broader social aspects of burial with objects of potential magico-medical significance is necessary.
Topics: Female; Humans; Adolescent; Young Adult; Adult; Egypt; Ovarian Neoplasms; Burial; Teratoma
PubMed: 37913592
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2023.10.004 -
Child's Nervous System : ChNS :... Jul 2024Teratoma is the most common congenital tumor, but the orbital location is rare. It is composed of tissues from ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Teratoma is the most common congenital tumor, but the orbital location is rare. It is composed of tissues from ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm.
CLINICAL PRESENTATION
Congenital orbital teratoma commonly presents as unilateral proptosis, with rapid growth, leading to exposure keratopathy.
DIAGNOSIS
Prenatal ultrasound may detect the orbital mass, computed tomography (CT) scans, and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging are better in demonstrating multilocular cystic and solid mass, without bone erosion. Laboratory tests should include alfa-fetoprotein (AFP) and B-human chorionic gonadotropin (B-HCG), and histopathologically, it contains all three germ cell layers components. The management is surgical removal of the lesion, the mature teratoma has a benign behavior, and the immature has a poor prognostic. We describe a rare case of congenital orbital teratoma with intracranial extension of the lesion, in which was treated with orbital exenteration. After surgery, AFP levels decreased, the middle face displacement has improved and development milestones were appropriate.
PubMed: 38953912
DOI: 10.1007/s00381-024-06510-9 -
Surgical Neurology International 2023Intradural extramedullary teratomas in the cervical or cervicomedullary region are rare in adults.
BACKGROUND
Intradural extramedullary teratomas in the cervical or cervicomedullary region are rare in adults.
CASE DESCRIPTION
We report a symptomatic, mature teratoma at the cervicomedullary junction in a 52-year-old Hispanic female who also has a type I diastematomyelia in the thoracolumbar spine. The patient underwent surgical resection of the lesion with the resolution of presenting symptoms. Histopathology of the lesion revealed a mature cystic teratoma with pulmonary differentiation.
CONCLUSION
We discuss the case along with a review of pertinent literature and considerations with regard to the diagnosis, etiology, prognosis, and management of this unusual pathology.
PubMed: 37810313
DOI: 10.25259/SNI_633_2023 -
European Journal of Ophthalmology Sep 2023In this report we illustrate the ophthalmologic assessment of two patients affected by Proteus Syndrome (PS), an extremely rare genetic disorder. Case #1 describes a 26...
In this report we illustrate the ophthalmologic assessment of two patients affected by Proteus Syndrome (PS), an extremely rare genetic disorder. Case #1 describes a 26 year old male patient followed for multiple ophthalmic anomalies: a limbal dermoid cyst, a unilateral cataract, bilateral nystagmus, severe myopia and unilateral optic nerve head drusen. Case #2 describes a 20 year old female patient referred to our Ophthalmology Department for a routine ophthalmologic evaluation after being treated for 3 years with Miransertib (an experimental AKT-pathway inhibitor). Both patients underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination and a multimodal imaging evaluation. The multimodal imaging approach has revealed useful to evaluate both cases in detail and to keep track of disease evolution over time, moreover providing helpful features to further characterize this rare syndrome.
Topics: Male; Female; Humans; Young Adult; Adult; Proteus Syndrome; Eye Abnormalities; Nystagmus, Pathologic; Diagnostic Imaging; Myopia; Abnormalities, Multiple
PubMed: 36113118
DOI: 10.1177/11206721221125852 -
Abdominal Radiology (New York) Jun 2024Gynecological emergencies can often present with a myriad of non-specific signs and symptoms, posing a diagnostic challenge to the clinician. They can be grossly divided... (Review)
Review
Gynecological emergencies can often present with a myriad of non-specific signs and symptoms, posing a diagnostic challenge to the clinician. They can be grossly divided into uterine or adnexal pathologies. Uterine pathologies can be secondary to intracavitary accumulation of blood [like in patients with transverse vaginal septum, Robert's uterus, accessory and cavitated uterine mass, unicornuate uterus with contralateral non-communicating functional horn], bleeding per vaginum [like in patients with retained products of conception, enhanced myometrial vascularity], pyometra [secondary to pelvic inflammatory disease, cervical obstruction secondary to benign and malignant causes] or complications of fibroids [like red degeneration, torsion of subserosal fibroid]. The adnexal pathologies can range from ectopic pregnancy in a urine pregnancy test (UPT) positive patient to haemorrhagic ovarian cyst, ovarian torsion, ruptured dermoid cyst and tubo-ovarian abscess in a UPT negative patient. Multimodality imaging including ultrasound (USG), computed tomography (CT) scan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can narrow down the differentials and help in formulating an accurate diagnosis. The objective of this article is to familiarize the readers with multimodality imaging findings in common as well as uncommon acute gynecological emergencies and provide an algorithmic imaging approach for acute gynecological emergencies. USG is typically used as the first line diagnostic modality in diagnosis of acute gynecological emergencies. CT scan & MRI are helpful as a problem-solving tool in acute gynecological emergencies when USG findings are indeterminate.
PubMed: 38836883
DOI: 10.1007/s00261-024-04399-1 -
Clinical Otolaryngology : Official... May 2024To assess the endoscopic assisted excision of the nasoorbital dermaoid cyst.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the endoscopic assisted excision of the nasoorbital dermaoid cyst.
DESIGH
Case series.
SETTING
Zagazig univesity hospitals.
PARTICPANT
The study included patients with nasal dermoid who were operated using a local vertical incision with endoscopic assisted dissection and excision.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Complete removal, complication, recurrence.
RESULTS
In all patients, complete excision of the cyst was achieved with negligable blood loss. No recurrence was detected throughout the follow up.
CONCLUSION
Endoscopic-assisted resection of the nasal dermoid cyst appears a safe and effective approach with small incision, precise dissection and satisfactory apparent scar with with low incidence of recurrence.
Topics: Humans; Dermoid Cyst; Nose Neoplasms; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; Dissection; Cicatrix
PubMed: 38311981
DOI: 10.1111/coa.14134 -
Medicine Mar 2024Most of the mature teratomas are found in the ovaries. Extragonadal teratomas are extremely rare. To date, there are only a handful of reports of uterine cervical... (Review)
Review
RATIONALE
Most of the mature teratomas are found in the ovaries. Extragonadal teratomas are extremely rare. To date, there are only a handful of reports of uterine cervical teratomas documented in the English literature.
PATIENT CONCERNS
Herein we describe a rare case of a 40-year-old patient who was presented to our hospital for a cervical polypoid mass, which was finally confirmed to be mature solid teratoma in uterine cervix.
DIAGNOSES
Histological examination of the polypoid mass was found to consist of ciliated pseudostratified columnar respiratory epithelium, intestinal epithelium and smooth muscle tissue, adipose tissue and mature glial component, epidermis, and skin adnexa. Meanwhile, no history of abortion, dilatation, and curettage was present in this patient, so implantation of fetal tissue was excluded. Therefore, we make a diagnosis of uterine cervical mature teratoma.
INTERVENTIONS
Tumorectomy was performed after discovering the cervical polypoid mass.
OUTCOMES
The patient had been followed-up for next 3 months after surgery and no recurrence was documented until now.
LESSONS
Though teratomas of the uterine cervix are extremely rare, more attention should be paid on this rare but possible tumor for appropriate treatment in these patients.
Topics: Female; Pregnancy; Humans; Adult; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Teratoma; Cervix Uteri; Dermoid Cyst; Uterus
PubMed: 38552061
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000037451