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Nature Jul 2023
Topics: Humans; Drug Costs; Drug Development; Glucagon-Like Peptides; Obesity
PubMed: 37369789
DOI: 10.1038/d41586-023-02092-9 -
Dermatologic Clinics Oct 2023Understanding the economics behind any medical practice comes down to one basic concept: Profit = Revenue - Expenses. This article aims to demystify the details that... (Review)
Review
Understanding the economics behind any medical practice comes down to one basic concept: Profit = Revenue - Expenses. This article aims to demystify the details that underlie this simple formula and to provide the budding dermatologist the information and the tools needed to determine their own profitability in the "real world."
Topics: Humans; Dermatology
PubMed: 37718015
DOI: 10.1016/j.det.2023.04.002 -
Annual Review of Public Health May 2024The global prevalence of depression has risen over the past three decades across all socioeconomic groups and geographic regions, with a particularly rapid increase in... (Review)
Review
The global prevalence of depression has risen over the past three decades across all socioeconomic groups and geographic regions, with a particularly rapid increase in prevalence among adolescents (aged 12-17 years) in the United States. Depression imposes large health, economic, and societal costs, including reduced life span and quality of life, medical costs, and reduced educational attainment and workplace productivity. A wide range of treatment modalities for depression are available, but socioeconomic disparities in treatment access are driven by treatment costs, lack of culturally tailored options, stigma, and provider shortages, among other barriers. This review highlights the need for comparative research to better understand treatments' relative efficacy, cost-effectiveness, scalability, and potential heterogeneity in efficacy across socioeconomic groups and country and cultural contexts. To address the growing burden of depression, mental health policy could consider reducing restrictions on the supply of providers, implementing digital interventions, reducing stigma, and promoting healthy lifestyles.
Topics: Humans; Depression; Adolescent; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Social Stigma; Child; United States; Quality of Life; Socioeconomic Factors; Cost of Illness; Health Services Accessibility
PubMed: 38100648
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-061022-040533 -
ClinicoEconomics and Outcomes Research... 2023
PubMed: 38274129
DOI: 10.2147/CEOR.S453171 -
Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics &... Dec 2023
PubMed: 38126707
DOI: 10.1080/14737167.2023.2292838 -
British Journal of Hospital Medicine... Apr 2024The anaesthetic training programme in the United Kingdom (UK) spans over seven years and is overseen by the Royal College of Anaesthetists (RCOA). Junior doctors in... (Review)
Review
The anaesthetic training programme in the United Kingdom (UK) spans over seven years and is overseen by the Royal College of Anaesthetists (RCOA). Junior doctors in England are currently striking amid ongoing pay negotiations with the government, and almost all junior doctors are worried about the cost of living. This article provides an overview of the average financial cost of training for doctors in the anaesthetic training programme. The cost incurred by anaesthetic trainees illustrates the level of financial burden faced by trainees across multiple specialities. The cost includes: student loan repayment (with interest rates), compulsory membership fees (including the Royal College of Anaesthetists and General Medical Council), postgraduate examinations (Fellowship of the Royal College of Anaesthetist exams are compulsory to complete training) and medical indemnity. The average trainee spends between 5.6% and 7.4% of their annual salary on non-reimbursable costs. This article delineates for aforementioned expenses and compares them with the training programs in Australia and New Zealand, given their status as frequent emigration destinations for UK doctors.
Topics: Humans; Anesthesiology; United Kingdom; Education, Medical, Graduate; Australia; New Zealand; Salaries and Fringe Benefits
PubMed: 38708973
DOI: 10.12968/hmed.2023.0437 -
Current Obesity Reports Sep 2023This paper briefly introduces the status quo of bariatric and metabolic surgery and medical insurance payment in China. (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
This paper briefly introduces the status quo of bariatric and metabolic surgery and medical insurance payment in China.
RECENT FINDINGS
Along with China's rapid economic growth, the prevalence of obesity and diabetes is increasing quickly. Because of their high body fat percentage and predominance of abdominal obesity, Chinese people experience metabolic disorders more frequently than Caucasians with the same BMI. Treatments are not medical because there is a lack of social understanding of obesity. Furthermore, obesity has not been accepted as a disease in China and so has not been included in the medical insurance payment system. Therefore, weight-loss medications are not covered by medical insurance. In China, bariatric and metabolic surgery have advanced for almost 20 years, and corresponding guidelines have been developed. However, there are regional and cognitive variations in whether medical insurance covers bariatric surgery or not. Recent research on the financial advantages of medical insurance coverage for weight-loss surgery showed that it conserves healthcare system resources. It will be important to raise public awareness regarding obesity in the future, present more evidence of the clinical efficacy of surgery, and work towards a higher percentage of medical insurance reimbursement for obesity treatment and bariatric surgery.
Topics: Humans; Bariatric Surgery; China; Insurance; Obesity; Health Policy
PubMed: 37474845
DOI: 10.1007/s13679-023-00507-2 -
Academic Radiology Jul 2023Radiology education of medical students is increasingly important given the intersection of radiology with virtually all medical specialties and integral role of imaging... (Review)
Review
Radiology education of medical students is increasingly important given the intersection of radiology with virtually all medical specialties and integral role of imaging in modern patient care. Yet radiology education requirements in US medical schools are variable with only a minority of schools requiring a clerkship in radiology. When required, the radiology curriculum is often limited to anatomy courses in the preclinical years or partially incorporated into required core clerkships and often taught by nonradiologists. Given the growing mandate for value-based care and emphasis on patient outcomes, medical students require better imaging education, both interpretive and non-interpretative skills. They should be taught how to apply appropriateness criteria for exam ordering and the relative costs of different imaging modalities given the economic implications of imaging overutilization. Medical students should also be educated regarding imaging safety considerations. In addition, they must learn the radiologist's role as consultant to assure appropriate ordering of imaging studies, oversight for performance of diagnostic exams and image-guided procedures, interpretation of studies, and communication of results. Increasing radiologist teaching and engagement with medical students also has the potential to improve diversity and inclusivity in radiology by increasing interest in the specialty as physicians who identify as underrepresented minorities (URMs) are more likely to practice in underserved areas and with underserved populations thus addressing healthcare disparities and improving access to healthcare for those patient populations. Medical schools should support preclinical and clinical curricula that is designed and taught by radiologists.
Topics: Humans; Students, Medical; Radiology; Curriculum; Radiography; Educational Status; Education, Medical, Undergraduate; Schools, Medical; Education, Medical
PubMed: 36414495
DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2022.10.023 -
Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and... Apr 2024A cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) is a type of health economics model that uses a systematic approach to simplify the complexities that exist in health-care... (Review)
Review
A cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) is a type of health economics model that uses a systematic approach to simplify the complexities that exist in health-care decision-making. A CEA aids in medical decision-making by considering both the costs of a treatment and how effective that treatment is for at least 2 competing strategies. This article reviews major concepts of CEA including results interpretation, key attributes of CEA that make it differ from cost analysis, uncertainty surrounding analysis, and how/why CEA is an important contributor to the medical literature.
Topics: Humans; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
PubMed: 38388127
DOI: 10.1016/j.cpm.2023.07.006