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Journal of Motor Behavior 2024The aim of the study is to examine the effects of menstrual cycle phases (MCP) on balance and postural control. The study was carried out with 63 volunteer women....
The aim of the study is to examine the effects of menstrual cycle phases (MCP) on balance and postural control. The study was carried out with 63 volunteer women. Digital ovulation kits and, a Menstrual Cycle Regularity Questionnaire (MCRQ) to detect menstrual cycle regularity and duration, Premenstrual Syndrome Questionnaire (PMSQ) to question the presence of premenstrual syndrome, Menstruation Attitude Questionnaire (MAQ) to assess menstrual attitudes, International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF) to question physical activity level was used. Balance and postural oscillation were evaluated with Balance Master balance and performance test device and Tekscan MatScan™ Pressure Mat System, respectively. All evaluations were repeated twice, in the preovulatory period and the postovulatory period. When the evaluations of the preovulatory period and the postovulatory period were compared, there was %3 increase in the percent weight-bearing of the non-dominant extremity ( = 0.01) and %2.5 decrease in the percent weight-bearing of the dominant limb in the postovulatory period ( = 0.01). %8 increase in functional reach distances was detected in the postovulatory period (p < 0.01). It was determined that there was %7.4 decrease in the oscillation rate of the center of gravity in the static stance with eyes open and %9 decrease in the static stance with eyes closed in the postovulatory period ( = 0.35, = 0.18, respectively). It has been determined that the balance and postural control of young women are negatively affected in the preovulatory period and the function improved from the preovulatory period to the postovulatory period.
Topics: Female; Humans; Menstrual Cycle; Ovulation; Premenstrual Syndrome; Postural Balance
PubMed: 37517810
DOI: 10.1080/00222895.2023.2241403 -
International Journal of Gynaecology... Sep 2023To study the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination on the menstrual cycle in response to concerns that the vaccines cause menstrual cycle...
OBJECTIVE
To study the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination on the menstrual cycle in response to concerns that the vaccines cause menstrual cycle disturbances and affect potential pregnancy.
METHOD
An online survey-based cross-sectional study was conducted from November 20 to 27, 2021. Study participants were women of reproductive age (15-49 years) and the study tool used was a semi-structured pretested questionnaire. A total of 300 participants were recruited for the study.
RESULTS
The mean age (± standard deviation) of the participants was 26.2 ± 4.8 years. 232 participants (77.3%) were unmarried. Only 30 participants (10%) reported a change in the regularity of menstruation and 33 (11%) participants reported a change in cycle duration after vaccination.
CONCLUSION
In the present study, a change in the regularity of menstrual cycles was reported in 30 (10%) of the participants and a change in the duration of the cycle was reported in 11% of the participants (33). There was a significant association between the type of vaccine used and the changes in the menstrual cycle after vaccination. However, its long-term health implications are yet to be determined.
Topics: Pregnancy; Female; Humans; Young Adult; Adult; Adolescent; Middle Aged; Male; COVID-19 Vaccines; Cross-Sectional Studies; COVID-19; Menstrual Cycle; Vaccination; Menstruation Disturbances
PubMed: 37132582
DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.14822 -
Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics May 2024Menstrual characteristics can affect a woman's productivity at work and college, but studies in a general population of adult women are scarce. In addition, it is...
PURPOSE
Menstrual characteristics can affect a woman's productivity at work and college, but studies in a general population of adult women are scarce. In addition, it is important to know which menstrual symptoms are most associated with presenteeism in women to promote specific health actions. The present study aimed to assess menstrual symptoms associated with presenteeism in adult women.
METHODS
Online cross-sectional study in which menstrual characteristics, including menstrual flow, age of menarche, menstrual pain and cycle duration were assessed by a self-report questionnaire. The menstrual pain intensity was assessed by Numerical Rating Scale, and the presenteeism, by the Stanford Presenteeism Scale-6 (SPS-6). Women were divided in two groups, with and without presenteeism, based on the SPS-6 cutoff point. Data were analyzed by binary logistic regression and presented as odds ratios (OR).
RESULTS
Among the 430 women who participated in the study, 44.2% were classified as with presenteeism. Women with severe menstrual flow were more likely to have presenteeism (OR = 2.12) compared with women with mild and moderate menstrual flow. The higher menstrual pain intensity the higher the chances of a woman presenting with presenteeism (OR = 1.29).
CONCLUSIONS
These menstrual characteristics (intensity of menstrual flow and menstrual pain) seem to affect women's productivity at work and/or college, and should be assessed in research and clinical practice. Thus, public policies on women's health can be carried out based on these results.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Female; Dysmenorrhea; Presenteeism; Cross-Sectional Studies; Menstruation; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 38502189
DOI: 10.1007/s00404-024-07425-1 -
Women's Health (London, England) 2024Adolescent girls face numerous challenges which hinder their ability to manage menstruation in a healthy and dignified manner.
BACKGROUND
Adolescent girls face numerous challenges which hinder their ability to manage menstruation in a healthy and dignified manner.
OBJECTIVES
To examine the menstrual hygiene practices of adolescent girls schooling in rural Anambra communities.
STUDY DESIGN
Cross-sectional descriptive study.
METHOD
Participants were selected using multistage stratified random sampling technique and interviewed using self-administered semi-structured questionnaire. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22.0.
RESULTS
Mean age of all, pre-menarche and post-menarche girls were 14.7 ± 1.84, 12.8 ± 1.09 and 15.1 ± 1.73 years, respectively. About 46% of the pre-menarche girls had not received any information on menstruation. Common sources of initial menstruation information were mother (87.3%), school (52.2%) and peers (20.0%). Among the 1091 (85.0% (1091/1283)) post-menarche girls, last menstrual period, last menstrual period duration and cycle length could not be recalled by 53.9%, 34.4% and 39.3%, respectively. Majority (98.3%) who could recall last menstrual period had a cycle length of ⩽30 days and the mean duration of menses was 4.4 ± 0.84 days. Disposable sanitary pad was mostly (60%) cited as recommended product, but cloth/rags (40.6%) or tissue paper (32. 3%) were predominantly used. Majority (88.6%) took their bath ⩾twice/day, 50.9% changed sanitary product ⩽twice/day while 72.5% exhibited poor hand washing. Sanitary products were mostly discarded by burning (45.4%). Fifty-one percent could not change in school predominantly due to lack of functional toilets/changing rooms (84.2%) while 72.5% of those who changed did so in bushes or unused spaces. Challenges faced during menstruation include restriction from holy places (38.9%), waist pain (74.9%), blood stains (36.1%) and lack of money to buy pad (27.0%). Factors significantly associated with using commercial pads were age (p = 0.047), class (p = 0.006), mother's educational status (p < 0.001), social class (p < 0.001), ability to recall last menstrual period date (p = 0.029) or duration (p = 0.001).
CONCLUSION
Menstrual hygiene management was unsatisfactory among studied adolescents. Continuous education of adolescent girls on menstrual hygiene management and advocacy for adequate menstrual hygiene management support are imperative.
Topics: Female; Adolescent; Humans; Menstruation; Hygiene; Cross-Sectional Studies; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Schools
PubMed: 38318680
DOI: 10.1177/17455057241228204 -
International Journal of Psychiatry in... Jan 2024Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) are experienced in the luteal phase among women of reproductive age and are known to affect...
OBJECTIVE
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) are experienced in the luteal phase among women of reproductive age and are known to affect quality of life. This study sought to determine the prevalence and correlates of PMS and PMDD in women aged 18-25 in Turkey.
METHOD
A cross-sectional study was conducted between December 2022 and May 2023, which recruited 1125 female college students. A personal information form, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and the Premenstrual Syndrome Scale (PMSS) were administered. Participants who met criteria for PMS during three consecutive menstrual cycles based on the ACOG and PMSS scores were diagnosed as having PMS. Participants who met the criteria for PMDD during three consecutive menstrual cycles based on the DSM-V were diagnosed as having PMDD. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine correlates of PMS and PMDD.
FINDINGS
PMS was found in 49.2% and PMDD in 48.0% of the participants. Women having a blood group type B compared to those with blood group type A were more likely to have PMS (OR = 151.8, 95% CI = 54.5-422.6). In addition, women with PMS were less likely to be physically active based on the metabolic equivalent of task score (OR = 0.99, 95% CI= 0.98-0.99). Menstrual cycle duration was also longer among those with PMDD (OR = 1.47, 95% CI= 1.25-1.72), as was daily caffeine intake (OR = 1.01, 95% CI= 1.00-1.01). PMDD score was also found to be associated with major depressive disorder (OR = 1.06,95% = 1.05-1.07).
CONCLUSIONS
PMS and PMDD among young women in Turkey were associated with blood groups, MET scores, and other clinical characteristics that may help clinicians to identify these conditions.
Topics: Female; Humans; Adolescent; Young Adult; Adult; Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder; Quality of Life; Prevalence; Cross-Sectional Studies; Depressive Disorder, Major; Turkey; Premenstrual Syndrome; Blood Group Antigens
PubMed: 37448169
DOI: 10.1177/00912174231189936 -
Reproductive Biomedicine Online Oct 2023Ovarian stimulation for assisted reproductive technology is traditionally started in the early follicular phase. The essential rationale is to allow timely follicle...
Ovarian stimulation for assisted reproductive technology is traditionally started in the early follicular phase. The essential rationale is to allow timely follicle growth and oocyte retrieval to ensure synchronization of the in-vitro cultured embryos with the receptive period of the endometrium in a fresh transfer cycle. In addition, conventional thought suggested that follicle recruitment happened only once, around menstruation. A deeper understanding of folliculogenesis, advances in cryobiology and an increasing proportion of freeze-all cycles provide a unique opportunity here. Experience from oncofertility patients as well as infertile women and oocyte donors who underwent ovarian stimulation in different phases of the menstrual cycle, dubbed 'random start' cycles, suggests that the number of oocytes collected and their reproductive potential do not depend on the time of starting ovarian stimulation, although the duration of stimulation and gonadotrophin consumption can vary slightly. It may be time to free both patients and clinics from the obsession with starting ovarian stimulation in the early follicular phase in planned freeze-all cycles. The flexibility provided by random start cycles is one aspect of individualizing treatment to patients' needs.
Topics: Female; Humans; Infertility, Female; Ovulation Induction; Reproductive Techniques, Assisted; Oocytes; Ovarian Follicle
PubMed: 37619517
DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2023.103305 -
BMC Women's Health Oct 2023Abnormal uterine bleeding associated with ovulatory dysfunction (AUB-O) is a typical gynecological disease that can affect women of various ages. Being able to identify...
BACKGROUND
Abnormal uterine bleeding associated with ovulatory dysfunction (AUB-O) is a typical gynecological disease that can affect women of various ages. Being able to identify women at risk of AUB-O could allow physicians to take timely action. This study aimed to identify the influencing factors of AUB-O in Chinese women, and then develop and validate a predictive model.
METHODS
In this multicenter case-control study, 391 women with AUB-O and 838 controls who came from nine hospitals in Zhejiang province were recruited between April 2019 and January 2022. All the participants completed a structured questionnaire including general characteristics, lifestyle and habits, menstrual and reproductive history, and previous diseases. The predictive model was developed on a group of 822 women and validated on a group of 407 women. Logistic regression was adopted to investigate the influencing factors and develop the model, and validation was then performed.
RESULTS
The independent predictive factors of AUB-O were age (OR 1.073, 95% CI 1.046-1.102, P < 0.001), body mass index (OR 1.081, 95% CI 1.016-1.151, P = 0.015), systolic blood pressure (OR 1.016, 95% CI 1.002-1.029, P = 0.023), residence (OR 2.451, 95% CI 1.727-3.478, P < 0.001), plant-based diet (OR 2.306, 95% CI 1.415-3.759, P < 0.001), fruits eating (OR 1.887, 95% CI 1.282-2.776, P = 0.001), daily sleep duration (OR 0.819; 95% CI 0.708-0.946, P = 0.007), multiparous (parity = 1, OR 0.424, 95% CI 0.239-0.752, P = 0.003; parity > 1, OR 0.450, 95% CI 0.247-0.822, P = 0.009), and history of ovarian cyst (OR 1.880, 95% CI 1.305-2.710, P < 0.001). The predictive ability (area under the curve) in the development group was 0.77 (95% CI 0.74-0.81), while in the validation group it was 0.73 (95% CI 0.67-0.79). The calibration curve was in high coincidence with the standard curve in the development group, and similar to the validation group. A tool for AUB-O risk calculation was created.
CONCLUSIONS
Nine influencing factors and a predictive model were proposed in this study, which could identify women who are at high risk of developing AUB-O. This finding highlights the importance of early screening and the lifelong management of ovulatory disorders for women.
Topics: Female; Humans; Uterine Hemorrhage; Case-Control Studies; Uterine Diseases; Menstruation; Logistic Models
PubMed: 37828525
DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02589-5 -
Human Reproduction (Oxford, England) May 2024Does endometriosis prevalence differ in patients with obstructive Müllerian anomalies (OMA) versus those with nonobstructive Müllerian anomalies (NOMA), and in...
Müllerian anomalies and endometriosis as potential explanatory models for the retrograde menstruation/implantation and the embryonic remnants/celomic metaplasia pathogenic theories: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
STUDY QUESTION
Does endometriosis prevalence differ in patients with obstructive Müllerian anomalies (OMA) versus those with nonobstructive Müllerian anomalies (NOMA), and in patients with NOMA versus those without Müllerian anomalies?
SUMMARY ANSWER
The quantitative synthesis of published data demonstrates a substantially increased prevalence of endometriosis in patients with OMA compared with those with NOMA, and a similar prevalence in patients with NOMA and those without Müllerian anomalies.
WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY
The pathogenesis of endometriosis has not been definitively clarified yet. A higher prevalence of endometriosis in patients with OMA than in those with NOMA would support the retrograde menstruation (RM)/implantation theory, whereas a higher prevalence of endometriosis in the NOMA group than in the group without Müllerian anomalies would support the embryonic remnants/celomic metaplasia hypothesis.
STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION
This systematic review with meta-analysis was restricted to full-length, English-language articles published in peer-reviewed journals between 1980 and 2023. The PubMed and EMBASE databases were searched using the keyword 'endometriosis' in combination with 'Müllerian anomalies', 'obstructive Müllerian anomalies', 'female genital malformations', 'retrograde menstruation', 'infertility', 'pelvic pain', and 'classification'. References from relevant publications were screened, and PubMed's 'similar articles' and 'cited by' functions were used.
PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS
Studies were selected if they reported the prevalence of surgically confirmed endometriosis in either individuals with OMA compared to those with NOMA, or patients with NOMA compared to those without Müllerian anomalies. Cohort and case-control studies and case series were deemed eligible for inclusion. Noncomparative studies, studies not reporting both the number of individuals with endometriosis and the total number of those with Müllerian anomalies or with other gynecological conditions, those including exclusively data on patients with absent or uncertain menstrual function (e.g. complete Müllerian agenesis category), or with imperforate hymen were excluded. Two reviewers independently abstracted data. The risk of bias was assessed with the Risk of Bias In Non-randomized Studies of Exposures tool. The overall certainty of the evidence was graded according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) guidelines.
MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE
Seven retrospective studies were included. The overall mean estimate of endometriosis prevalence was 47% (95% CI, 36-58%) in patients with OMA, and 19% (95% CI, 15-24%) in patients with NOMA, with a common odds ratio (OR) of 4.72 (95% CI, 2.54-8.77). The overall mean estimate of endometriosis prevalence in patients with NOMA was 23% (95% CI, 20-27%), and that in patients without Müllerian anomalies was 21% (95% CI, 20-22%), with a common OR of 0.95 (95% CI, 0.57-1.58). The overall certainty of the evidence according to GRADE guidelines was judged as low for both comparisons.
LIMITATIONS, REASON FOR CAUTION
Some NOMA subtypes may create a partial obstacle to menstrual efflux and/or generate dysfunctional myometrial contractions that favor transtubal reflux, thus increasing the risk of endometriosis and limiting the difference between OMA and NOMA. As infertility and pelvic pain are strongly associated with endometriosis, women with these symptoms are inappropriate controls. Confounding by indication could explain the lack of difference in endometriosis prevalence between patients with NOMA and those without Müllerian anomalies.
WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS
The results of this meta-analysis support the validity of the RM theory but do not definitively rule out alternative hypotheses. Thus, RM may be considered the initiator for the development of endometriotic lesions, while not excluding the contribution of both inheritable and tissue-specific genetic and epigenetic modifications as disease-promoting factors.
STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S)
No funding was received for this review. P.Ve. is a member of the Editorial Board of Human Reproduction Open, the Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada, and the International Editorial Board of Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica; has received royalties from Wolters Kluwer for chapters on endometriosis management in the clinical decision support resource UpToDate; and maintains both a public and private gynecological practice. E.S. discloses payments from Ferring for research grants and honoraria from Merck-Serono for lectures. All other authors declare they have no conflict of interest.
REGISTRATION NUMBER
N/A.
PubMed: 38733102
DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deae086 -
Cureus Dec 2023Background After COVID-19 vaccination, females reported irregularities and changes in their menstrual cycle. We aimed to explore the menstrual irregularities following...
Background After COVID-19 vaccination, females reported irregularities and changes in their menstrual cycle. We aimed to explore the menstrual irregularities following COVID-19 vaccination in Saudi women of childbearing age. Methodology The study was a cross-sectional study conducted among women in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, who had no history of menstrual irregularities before receiving the first dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. The participants filled out an online self-administered questionnaire via Google Form about any menstrual irregularities they experienced after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine. Results A total of 535 participants completed the survey. The study found that 41.7% (223) of women experienced menstrual changes after the first dose of the COVID-19 vaccine, increasing to 44.1% (236) after the second dose. The incidence of these changes varied between the first and second doses. For example, the incidence of changes in period duration decreased from 51.6% to 48.3% after the first and second doses, respectively. Similarly, the incidence of delayed periods decreased from 48.4% to 47.9%, while dysmenorrhea increased slightly from 30.9% to 32.2% after the two doses. The incidence of heavier menstrual flow increased from 26.9% to 30.5%, while the incidence of lighter menstrual flow decreased from 26.9% to 24.6% after the first and second doses, respectively. Conclusions There is an increased incidence of changes in menstrual cycle after COVID-19 vaccination, particularly in menstrual cycle length, menstrual pain, and the flow of menstruation. Future studies are needed to investigate the potential underlying biological mechanisms.
PubMed: 38164312
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49841 -
Heliyon Oct 2023Cutaneous endometriosis, characterized by the presence of endometrium or endometrial-like tissue outside of the uterine cavity, is an uncommon and chronic disease....
Cutaneous endometriosis, characterized by the presence of endometrium or endometrial-like tissue outside of the uterine cavity, is an uncommon and chronic disease. Depending on a patient's history, cutaneous endometriosis is classified as either primary cutaneous endometriosis (PCE) or secondary cutaneous endometriosis (SCE). We report a case of SCE presenting with the classic triad of previous caesarean section, subcutaneous nodules at the site of the scar, and pain associated with menstruation. Considering histopathology as the standard, we confirmed a diagnosis of cutaneous endometriosis by ultrasound and histopathology. Furthermore, we compared and analyzed the clinical characteristics of PCE and SCE, the study included 20 and 14 patients with cutaneous endometriosis diagnosed with PCE and SCE respectively. In the PCE group, the mean age of patients at the onset was 33.7 years, while it was 40.6 years in the SCE group. The mean disease-duration time of PCE was shorter than that of SCE (1.3 vs. 2.8 years, P > 0.05). The most common clinical presentation of PCE and SCE was a nodule (90% vs. 86%). The PCE was mainly bleeding with pain (45%), whereas the SCE of only pain and bleeding with pain accounted for the same proportion (45%). The most common sites of PCE and SCE were in the umbilical region (90% vs. 57%, P < 0.05). In our study, some statistically significant difference was found between different types of CE and it may contribute to improve clinicians' understanding of the disease, and perform early diagnosis and treatment.
PubMed: 37867870
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20094