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Environmental Research Apr 2024This research was performed to investigate the bactericidal and fungicidal competence of extracts (methanol and petroleum ether extract) of Polyalthia longifolia leaf....
This research was performed to investigate the bactericidal and fungicidal competence of extracts (methanol and petroleum ether extract) of Polyalthia longifolia leaf. Moreover, the major active compounds present in the effective crude extract (either methanol or petroleum ether extract) was determined through initially with UV-Vis spectra, FTIR, and GC-MS analyses. The methanol extract alone showed remarkable bactericidal and fungicidal activity against the bacterial (S. pyogenes > E. coli > S. aureus > S. pneumoniae > C. difficile > P. aeruginosa) and fungal (A. clavatus > C. albicans > A. niger > A. fumigatus > C. tropicalis > C. auris) pathogens at increased concentration (12.5 mg mL) than petroleum ether extract. The MIC and MBC values of methanol extract were found as 10-20 mg mL and 30-40 mg mL respectively. The MFC value of methanol extract was found as 10-20 mg mL. These MIC, MBC, and MFC values of methanol extract were considerably greater than petroleum ether extract. The FTIR and GC-MS characterization studies revealed that the presence of more acre functional groups belonging to bioactive compounds such as Z)-7-Hexadecenal, Aromandendrene, α-Curcumene, Caryophyllene, Methyl 14-methyl Pentadecanoat, Methyl trans-13-Octadecenoate, 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z)-, and 2-hydroxy-1- (hydroxymethyl)ethyl. As a result of these findings, it is possible that P. longifolia leaf methanol extract contains medicinally important bioactive substances with bactericidal and fungicidal properties.
Topics: Polyalthia; Plant Extracts; Methanol; Escherichia coli; Staphylococcus aureus; Clostridioides difficile; Anti-Infective Agents; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Fungicides, Industrial; Solvents; Candida albicans; Alkanes
PubMed: 38157967
DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.118061 -
PeerJ 2023Kuth is an aromatic plant used for food seasoning food and in Mexican traditional medicine. Among, leaves properties, it has proven antibacterial activity which can be...
BACKGROUND
Kuth is an aromatic plant used for food seasoning food and in Mexican traditional medicine. Among, leaves properties, it has proven antibacterial activity which can be used against opportunistic pathogens like , a foodborne bacteria that is the causal agent of listeriosis, a disease that can be fatal in susceptible individuals. The aim of this work was to investigate the antibacterial activity of Kuth leaf extracts against and to identify its bioactive components.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
leaves were macerated with four solvents of different polarity (-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and methanol). To determine the capacity to inhibit bacterial proliferation , agar diffusion and microdilution methods were used. Next, we determined the minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC). Finally, we determined the ratio of MBC/MIC. Metabolites present in the active methanolic extract from Kuth (LgMeOH) were purified by normal-phase open column chromatography. The structure of the antibacterial metabolite was determined using nuclear magnetic resonance (H, C, COSY, HSQC) and by comparison with known compounds.
RESULTS
The LgMeOH extract was used to purify the compound responsible for the observed antimicrobial activity. This compound was identified as 5,7-dihydroxyflavanone (pinocembrin) by analysis of its spectroscopic data and comparison with those described. The MIC and MBC values obtained for pinocembrin were 0.68 mg/mL, and the ratio MBC/MIC for both LgMeOH and pinocembrin was one, which indicates bactericidal activity.
CONCLUSION
Kuth leaves and its metabolite pinocembrin can be used to treat listeriosis due the bactericidal activity against .
Topics: Humans; Listeria monocytogenes; Plant Extracts; Litsea; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Listeriosis; Methanol
PubMed: 38054017
DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16522 -
Chemistry & Biodiversity Sep 2023The current study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of Dicliptera bupleuroides Nees aerial parts methanol extract and its different fractions namely...
HPLC and GC Characterization of Dicliptera bupleuroides Aerial Parts and Evaluation of Its Anti-Inflammatory Potential in Vitro, in silico and in Vivo Using Carrageenan and Formalin Induced Inflammation in Rat Models.
The current study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of Dicliptera bupleuroides Nees aerial parts methanol extract and its different fractions namely hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and butanol in vitro using cyclooxygenase inhibitory assay (COX-2). In vivo anti-inflammatory evaluation was performed using carrageenan and formalin induced inflammation in rat models followed by molecular docking. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography coupled with mass chromatography (GC/MS) analyses were used for chemical analyses of the tested samples. The tested samples showed significant inhibition in COX-2 inhibitory assay where methanol extract (DBM) showed the highest inhibitory potential at 100 μg/mL estimated by 67.86 %. At a dose of 400 mg/kg, all of the examined samples showed pronounced results in carrageenan induced acute inflammation in rat model at 4 h interval with DBM showed the highest efficiency displaying 65.32 % inhibition as compared to the untreated rats. Formalin model was employed for seven days and DBM exhibited 65.33 % and 69.39 % inhibition at 200 and 400 mg/kg, respectively approaching that of the standard on the 7 day. HPLC revealed the presence of caffeic acid, gallic acid and sinapic acid, quercetin and myricetin in DBM. GC/MS analysis of its hexane fraction revealed the presence of 16 compounds belonging mainly to fatty acids and sterols that account for 85.26 % of the total detected compounds. Molecular docking showed that hexadecanoic acid followed by decanedioic acid and isopropyl myristate showed the best fitting within cyclooxygenase-II (COX-II) while nonacosane followed by hexatriacontane and isopropyl myristate revealed the most pronounced fitting within the 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) active sites. Absorption, metabolism, distribution and excretion and toxicity prediction (ADMET/ TOPKAT) concluded that most of the detected compounds showed reasonable pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and toxicity properties that could be further modified to be more suitable for incorporation in pharmaceutical dosage forms combating inflammation and its undesirable consequences.
Topics: Rats; Animals; Carrageenan; Plant Extracts; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Hexanes; Methanol; Molecular Docking Simulation; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; Formaldehyde; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Inflammation; Plant Components, Aerial
PubMed: 37574856
DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300349 -
ACS Sensors Sep 2023The detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is an important topic for environmental safety and public health. However, the current commercial VOC detectors suffer...
The detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is an important topic for environmental safety and public health. However, the current commercial VOC detectors suffer from cross-sensitivity and low reproducibility. In this work, we present species-selective detection for VOCs using an electrochemical cell based on ionic liquid (IL) electrolytes with features of high selectivity and reliability. The voltammograms measured with the IL-based electrolyte absorbing different VOCs exhibited species-selective features that were extracted and classified by linear discriminant analysis (LDA). The detection system could identify as many as four types of VOCs, including methanol, ethanol, acetone, formaldehyde, and additional water. A mixture of methanol and formaldehyde was detected as well. The sample required for the VOCs classification system was 50 μL, or 1.164 mmol, on average. The response time for each VOC measurement is as fast as 24 s. The volume of VOCs such as formaldehyde in solution could also be quantified by LDA and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques, respectively. The system showed a tunable detection range for 1.6 and 16% (w/v) CHO solution by adjusting the composition of the electrolyte. The limit of detection was as low as 1 μL. For the 1.6% CHO solution, the linearity calibration range was determined to be from 5.30 to 53.00 μmol with a limit of detection at 0.53 μmol. The mechanisms for VOCs determination and quantification are also thoroughly discussed. It is expected that this work could provide a new insight into the concept of electrochemical detection of VOCs with machine learning analysis and be applied to both VOCs gas monitoring and fluid detection.
Topics: Volatile Organic Compounds; Ionic Liquids; Reproducibility of Results; Methanol; Acetone
PubMed: 37589910
DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c00578 -
Bioresource Technology Jul 2024Carbon dioxide (CO) poses a significant threat, contributing to global warming and climate change. This study focused on isolating efficient CO-reducing methanogens and...
Carbon dioxide (CO) poses a significant threat, contributing to global warming and climate change. This study focused on isolating efficient CO-reducing methanogens and methanotrophs for converting methane into methanol. Samples from diverse regions in India were collected and processed, yielding 82 methanogenic and 48 methylotrophic isolates. Methanogenic isolate M11 produced a higher amount of methane, reaching 2.9 mol L on the sixth day of incubation at 35 °C, pH 7.0, and CO:H (80:20) as feeding rates. Under optimized conditions, isolate M11 effectively converted 8.3 mol CO to 7.9 mol methane in 24 h. Methylotrophic isolate M31 demonstrated significant soluble methane monooxygenase activity (450 nmol/ml) and produced 0.4 mol methanol in 24 h. 16S rRNA analysis identified Methanobacterium sp. and Methyloceanibacter sp. among the isolates, elucidating their taxonomic diversity. This study offers valuable insights into methanogens' potential in CO sequestration and methane conversion to methanol through methanotrophism, a promising sustainable biofuel production.
Topics: Methanol; Carbon Dioxide; Methane; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Phylogeny; Carbon Sequestration; Oxygenases
PubMed: 38810708
DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130847 -
Analytical Methods : Advancing Methods... Jun 2024Methanol is a toxic alcohol contained in alcoholic beverages as a natural byproduct of fermentation or added intentionally to counterfeits to increase profit. To ensure...
Methanol is a toxic alcohol contained in alcoholic beverages as a natural byproduct of fermentation or added intentionally to counterfeits to increase profit. To ensure consumer safety, many countries and the EU have established strict legislation limits for methanol content. Methanol concentration is mostly detected by laboratory instrumentation since mobile devices for routine on-site testing of beverages in distilleries, at border stations or even at home are not available. Here, we validated a handheld methanol detector for beverage analysis in an ISO 5725 interlaboratory trial: a total of 119 measurements were performed by 17 independent participants (distilleries, universities, authorities, and competence centers) from six countries on samples with relevant methanol concentrations (0.1, 1.5 vol%). The detector was based on a microporous separation filter and a nanostructured gas sensor allowing on-site measurement of methanol down to 0.01 vol% (in the liquid) within only 2 min by laymen. The detector showed excellent repeatability (<5.4%), reproducibility (<9.5%) and small bias (<0.012 vol%). Additional measurements on various methanol-spiked alcoholic beverages (whisky, rum, gin, vodka, tequila, port, sherry, liqueur) indicated that the detector is not interfered by environmental temperature and spirit composition, featuring excellent linearity ( > 0.99) down to methanol concentrations of 0.01 vol%. This device has been recently commercialized (Alivion Spark M-20) with comparable accuracy to the gold-standard gas chromatography and can be readily applied for final product inspection, intake control of raw materials or to identify toxic counterfeit products.
Topics: Methanol; Alcoholic Beverages; Reproducibility of Results; Food Analysis; Laboratories
PubMed: 38847307
DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00919c -
Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Dec 2023This study aimed to investigate the polymorphism of 1-(4-acetamide-benzenesulfonyl)-benzimidazole (PABZI), a newly developed compound with significant activity against...
This study aimed to investigate the polymorphism of 1-(4-acetamide-benzenesulfonyl)-benzimidazole (PABZI), a newly developed compound with significant activity against Trypanosoma cruzi, the parasite which causes American trypanosomiasis (Chagas disease). Three different crystalline forms of PABZI [a solvent-free form (form I), three isostructural solvates (from isopropanol; acetonitrile-dichloromethane, and methanol-benzene) and a non-isostructural solvate from methanol] were isolated and characterized. The crystal structure of form I was resolved at 173 K and 300 K by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Physicochemical properties, including solubility, dissolution rate, wettability, and solid-state stability were assessed for the two most viable solid forms of PABZI, viz. form I and the isopropanol solvate (PABZI-isoOH). Form I exhibited a higher solubility and dissolution rate, and superior stability towards moisture (40 °C/75 % relative humidity) and UV-Visible light than PABZI-isoOH. Based on the solid-state stability results, form I was selected over PABZI-isoOH for further preclinical studies.
Topics: 2-Propanol; Methanol; Crystallization; Solvents; Solubility; Acetamides; Benzimidazoles; X-Ray Diffraction; Calorimetry, Differential Scanning
PubMed: 37716530
DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2023.09.005 -
Environmental Science and Pollution... Nov 2023Green extraction of supercritical liquid CO (SCFE-CO) using co-solvent methanol can produce a more complete phenolic acid composition and a higher quantity when compared...
Green extraction of supercritical liquid CO (SCFE-CO) using co-solvent methanol can produce a more complete phenolic acid composition and a higher quantity when compared to those without using co-solvent. The extract was devoid of toxicity. SCFE-CO is carried out by putting 100 g of Quercus infectoria gall of size 0.3 mm into extraction tube at temperature of 60 °C and the pressure of 20 MPa with a CO flow rate of 25 ml/min using co-solvent methanol with variation of flow speed 0.05, 0.5, 1.5, 3, and 6 for 60 min. The extract is analyzed using LC-MS/MS, the total phenolic content is determined using the Folin-Ceocateu method, and the toxicity value is determined using the Vero cell. According to the results, the green method of extracting SCFE-CO with methanol co-solvent can produce a peak and identify about 27 phenolic compounds, and increasing the rate of flow of methane co-solvent will greatly affect the outcome of the extraction to a flow rate of 0.5 ml/min, while adding a co-solvent with a flow speed above 0.5 does not affect the result. Repeated extraction of some of the largest phenolic peaks provide phenol content with minimal extract variability (div. sd. 0.1%), and the addition of soluble methanol will also increase the TPC concentration but does not increase the IC toxicity value above 1000.
Topics: Solvents; Methanol; Carbon Dioxide; Quercus; Chromatography, Liquid; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Phenols
PubMed: 37378731
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28047-1 -
ACS Synthetic Biology Sep 2023Efficient and cost-effective conversion of CO to biomass holds the potential to address the climate crisis. Light-driven CO conversion can be realized by combining...
Efficient and cost-effective conversion of CO to biomass holds the potential to address the climate crisis. Light-driven CO conversion can be realized by combining inorganic semiconductors with enzymes or cells. However, designing enzyme cascades for converting CO to multicarbon compounds is challenging, and inorganic semiconductors often possess cytotoxicity. Therefore, there is a critical need for a straightforward semiconductor biohybrid system for CO conversion. Here, we used a visible-light-responsive and biocompatible CN porous nanosheet, decorated with formate dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, and alcohol dehydrogenase to establish an enzyme-photocoupled catalytic system, which showed a remarkable CO-to-methanol conversion efficiency with an apparent quantum efficiency of 2.48% in the absence of externally added electron mediator. To further enable the in situ transformation of methanol into biomass, the enzymes were displayed on the surface of , which was further coupled with CN to create an organic semiconductor-enzyme-cell hybrid system. Methanol was produced through enzyme-photocoupled CO reduction, achieving a rate of 4.07 mg/(L·h), comparable with reported rates from photocatalytic systems employing mediators or photoelectrochemical cells. The produced methanol can subsequently be transported into the cell and converted into biomass. This work presents a sustainable, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective enzyme-photocoupled biocatalytic system for efficient solar-driven conversion of CO within a microbial cell.
Topics: Carbon Dioxide; Methanol; Alcohol Dehydrogenase; Biocatalysis; Biological Transport
PubMed: 37651305
DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.3c00273 -
Medical & Biological Engineering &... Aug 2023In this work, a disposable sensor array was designed based on the chemi-resistive behavior of the conducting polymers to detect three volatile organic compounds (VOCs),...
In this work, a disposable sensor array was designed based on the chemi-resistive behavior of the conducting polymers to detect three volatile organic compounds (VOCs), i.e., acetone, ethanol, and methanol in air and breath. Four disposable resistive sensors were designed by coating polypyrrole and polyaniline (in their doped and de-doped forms) on filter paper substrates and tested against VOCs in air. Change in conductivity of the polymer resulting from exposure to various VOC concentration was measured as percentage resistance change using a standard multimeter. The lowest concentration detected for acetone, ethanol, and methanol vapors was 400 ppb, 150 ppb, and 300 ppb, respectively within 2 min. These VOC-responsive sensors, housed in an indigenous inert chamber, showed good stability, repeatability, and reversibility while sensing, thus making it suitable for environmental pollutant detection at room temperature. Furthermore, the non-specific nature of these easy to fabricate sensors towards all VOCs is considered favorable and upon classifying with principal component analysis (PCA), the gases were qualitatively distinguished in separate clusters. These developed sensors were also tested and analyzed using VOC spiked real breath samples as proof of concept.
Topics: Volatile Organic Compounds; Methanol; Acetone; Polymers; Pyrroles; Ethanol
PubMed: 37286862
DOI: 10.1007/s11517-023-02861-8