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Food Science & Nutrition Dec 2023Jasmine tea is loved by most people who drink flower tea owing to its unique aroma, and it is known as the top of flower teas. In our study, the quantitative evaluation...
Jasmine tea is loved by most people who drink flower tea owing to its unique aroma, and it is known as the top of flower teas. In our study, the quantitative evaluation of the quality of jasmine tea and detection of aroma components were carried out. First, the flavor quality of 92 kinds of jasmine tea was evaluated using multiple sub-factor quality evaluation methods. According to the evaluation results, jasmine tea was divided into three types: "fresh and lovely" (FL), "heavy and thick" (HT), and "fresh and heavy" (FH). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to detect the aroma components of the three types of jasmine tea samples. α-Farnesene, cis-3-hexenyl benzoate, acid phenylmethyl ester, linalool, methyl anthranilate, and indole were the main substances that constituted the basic aroma quality characteristics of jasmine tea. Compared to the FL type, the HT and FH types were weaker in the diversification of the characteristic aroma and accumulation of green, herb, sweet, and roast aroma substances. Green and herb aromas play crucial roles in the fresh and persistent qualities of the three types of jasmine tea, which are the key quality factors research focus of jasmine tea.
PubMed: 38107141
DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3701 -
Journal of Colloid and Interface Science Aug 2023Manganese and phosphorus co-doped, graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) nanosheet (Mn/P-g-CN) is prepared by facile and green calcination process of melamine (CHN), manganese...
A facile and green synthesis of Mn and P functionalized graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets for spintronics devices and enhanced photocatalytic performance under visible-light.
Manganese and phosphorus co-doped, graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) nanosheet (Mn/P-g-CN) is prepared by facile and green calcination process of melamine (CHN), manganese chloride tetrahydrate (MnCl·4HO), and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate ((NH)HPO). The Mn/P co-doping significantly enhances magnetic values compared to pristine-g-CN, phosphorus-doped g-CN (P-g-CN), and manganese-doped g-CN (Mn-g-CN). We find that Mn/P-g-CN is a half-metallic ferromagnetic material having a magnetic moment and Curie temperature of 4.51 μ and ∼ 800 K, respectively. The ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) absorption spectrum of Mn/P-g-CN reveals superior absorption in broader wavelength compared to pristine-g-CN, P-g-CN, and Mn-g-CN. The methyl orange degradation efficiency of Mn/P-g-CN photocatalyst is 94 %, which is three times more than that of pristine-g-CN (29 %) and more significant than the P-g-CN (46 %) and Mn-g-CN (58 %). Furthermore, density functional theory (DFT) calculation explains the origin of high magnetic behavior, the boosted photocatalytic efficiency of Mn/P-g-CN, and the essential material properties like structure, bandgap, the density of states (DOS), and atomic level interaction. This work may be helpful for reasonably designing ferromagnetic material for spintronics devices and boosting visible-light (VL) photocatalytic performance for environmental remediation.
PubMed: 37126890
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.04.057 -
Foods (Basel, Switzerland) Aug 2023Healthy fruit vinegar has become very popular recently in China. This study aimed to produce fruit vinegar with a good taste, high nutritional value, and strong...
Healthy fruit vinegar has become very popular recently in China. This study aimed to produce fruit vinegar with a good taste, high nutritional value, and strong functional properties from green jujube. This study investigated the optimization of the process for green jujube vinegar using response surface methodology. The optimum fermentation parameters for green jujube vinegar were determined as follows: initial alcoholicity 6%, acetobacter 8%, fermentation temperature 32 °C, and time 7 d. The organic acids of the optimized sample were evaluated by HPLC, and the volatile substances were identified and analyzed by HS-SPME and GC-MS during the fermentation and aging of the green jujube vinegar. The results showed that the variation trends of the different organic acids during the making of the green jujube vinegar were significantly different. Organic acids are the key flavor compounds of green jujube vinegar, and their changes were mainly attributed to microbial metabolism. In particular, the green jujube vinegar stood out in terms of volatile aroma compounds, including a total of 61 volatile compounds whose major components were acetic acid, isoamyl acetate, ethyl acetate, 3-hydroxy-2-butanone, methyl palmitate, and ethanol. The results can provide theoretical support for the production of green jujube vinegar.
PubMed: 37685101
DOI: 10.3390/foods12173168 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Jul 2023A sustainable enzymatic strategy for the preparation of amides by using lipase B as the biocatalyst and cyclopentyl methyl ether as a green and safe solvent was...
A sustainable enzymatic strategy for the preparation of amides by using lipase B as the biocatalyst and cyclopentyl methyl ether as a green and safe solvent was devised. The method is simple and efficient and it produces amides with excellent conversions and yields without the need for intensive purification steps. The scope of the reaction was extended to the preparation of 28 diverse amides using four different free carboxylic acids and seven primary and secondary amines, including cyclic amines. This enzymatic methodology has the potential to become a green and industrially reliable process for direct amide synthesis.
PubMed: 37570676
DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155706 -
Biotechnology Reports (Amsterdam,... Mar 2024Current research endeavours are progressively focussing towards discovering sustainable methods for synthesising eco-friendly materials. In this environment,... (Review)
Review
Current research endeavours are progressively focussing towards discovering sustainable methods for synthesising eco-friendly materials. In this environment, nanotechnology has emerged as a key frontier, especially in bioremediation and biotechnology. A few areas of nanotechnology including membrane technology, sophisticated oxidation processes, and biosensors. It is possible to create nanoparticles (NPs) via physical, chemical, or biological pathways in a variety of sizes and forms. These days, the investigation of plants as substitutes for NP synthesis methods has drawn a lot of interest. Toxic water contaminants such as methyl blue have been shown to be removed upto 70% by nanoparticles. In our article, we aimed at focussing the environmental sustainability and cost-effectiveness towards the green synthesis of nanoparticles. Furthermore it offers a comprehensive thorough summary of green NP synthesis methods which can be distinguished by their ease of use, financial sustainability, and environmentally favourable utilization of plant extracts. This study highlights how green synthesis methods have the potential to transform manufacturing of NPs while adhering to environmental stewardship principles and resource efficiency.
PubMed: 38332899
DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2024.e00830 -
The International Journal of Lower... Sep 2023MolecuLight i:X is a noninvasive, portable device that captures images, measures wound areas, and allows the evaluation of the bacterial environment in real time. The...
MolecuLight i:X is a noninvasive, portable device that captures images, measures wound areas, and allows the evaluation of the bacterial environment in real time. The aim of the study was to correlate the different fluorescence (light green, red, cyan) and dark red-purple-black color areas with average pH values in these areas and with average wound bed score (WBS). During a 4-week period, we enrolled 43 adult patients (23 females and 20 males) with clinically infected and uninfected chronic ulcers. In our study, the mean age was 68 years old. The etiologies were 21 venous ulcers, 3 arterial ulcers, 4 vasculitis, 7 pyoderma gangrenosum, 7 traumatic ulcers, and 1 neoplastic ulcer. The average area was 16.92 cm and the average WBS was 9.17. A total of 16 ulcers (37%) were positive for clinical signs and symptoms of infection and 27 ulcers were negative (63%). Thirty-six ulcers emitted a single fluorescence: cyan (n = 13), red (n = 1), light green (n = 14), and dark red-purple-black (n = 8). Six wounds showed a double fluorescence area: red and cyan (n = 1) and cyan and light green (n = 5). One ulcer emitted a triple fluorescence area: red, cyan, and light green. Overall in 43 ulcers, we found 43 fluorescence and 8 dark red-purple-black color. We found significant data between pH and fluorescence. pH values on wound bed confirm in a noninvasive way the correlation between fluorescence and bacterial burden. Moreover, MolecuLight i:X is able to detect objectively the bacterial proliferation, in contrast with pH which cannot distinguish different types of bacteria.
Topics: Adult; Male; Female; Humans; Aged; Ulcer; Fluorescence; Methyl Green; Bacteria; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
PubMed: 33998845
DOI: 10.1177/15347346211018927 -
Heliyon Feb 2024A thiosemicarbazide derivative as ()-4-ethyl-1-(1-(naphthalen-1-yl) ethylidene) thiosemicarbazide (HAN) was synthesized then characterized to prepare [Co(HAN)Cl·(HO)],...
A thiosemicarbazide derivative as ()-4-ethyl-1-(1-(naphthalen-1-yl) ethylidene) thiosemicarbazide (HAN) was synthesized then characterized to prepare [Co(HAN)Cl·(HO)], [Ni(HAN)Cl·(HO)]. HO, and [Cd(HAN)Cl] complexes. According to spectral and analytical data we could confirm the neutral bidentate mode of bonding (C]S) and (C]N) groups to form 1:1 M ratio within the three complexes. The octahedral geometry was suggested for Co(II) and Ni(II) complexes according to electronic transitions assigned to T → T(P)(ʋ) and T → A(F)(ʋ) and A → T(P,υ) and A → T(F,υ), respectively. The values of nephelauetic ratio (β) in the ligand field parameters detect the ionic nature of new M-L bonds. The molecular ion peaks appeared in the mass spectra of two selected complexes confirming their molecular formulae. The conductometric study was performed for Cd(II) ion solution during variable additions of HAN to calculate association and formation constant of Cd(II)-HAN complex. DFT/B3LYP method was used to optimize the structures of the compounds and confirm the binding mode of the ligand. The distribution of C(5) = N(17) and C(13) = S(19) groups asserts their priority in coordination. Hirshfeld crystal properties were obtained normalized contact distance (dnorm) and shape index in which the nitrogen atoms act as the best contact points in crystal packing. The biological screening was carried out against microbial strains as well as methyl green/DNA test. In vitro, the superiority of the ligand was clearly recorded in its biological effectiveness. In silico methods were implemented to confirm the activity of the ligand and to recognize the interaction features. The bioavailability, pharmacokinetics and drug-likeness were evaluated Swiss-link. The data detect the ability of the ligand to penetrate barrier of brain (BBB) but not absorbed in gastrointestinal tract. Pharmit link and molecular docking were utilized to investigate the interaction of HAN with 1bna, 425d and 2k4l proteins. The best intercalation with protein pockets was observed with 2k4l protein, and searching the MolPort library detects a drug analog of MolPort-002-894-701. Finally, the results suggest the biological efficiency of the ligand, which may be asserted by specialists through intensive in-vivo studies.
PubMed: 38390191
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25951 -
Plants (Basel, Switzerland) Dec 2023Basil ( species) represents an extraordinary group of aromatic plants that have gained considerable economic importance, primarily due to their essential oils, which...
Basil ( species) represents an extraordinary group of aromatic plants that have gained considerable economic importance, primarily due to their essential oils, which have applications in medicine, culinary, and perfumery. The genus encompasses more than 60 species of herbs and shrubs originally native to tropical regions. This genus stands out for its remarkable diversity, displaying a wide spectrum of variations in phenotype, chemical composition, and genetic makeup. In addition to genetic factors, the growth, development, and essential oil production of basil are also influenced by environmental conditions, ontogeny, and various other factors. Consequently, the primary objective of this study was to explore the diversity in both the morphological characteristics and essential oil composition among basil genotypes preserved within the gene bank of the Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences' Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. The investigation involved the assessment of fifteen basil genotypes, representing four distinct species: (including 'Anise', 'Clove', 'Fino Verde', 'Licorice', 'Mammoth', 'Mrs. Burns', 'Thai tömzsi', 'Thai hosszú', and 'Vietnamese basil'), (green holy basils), (Lemon basil), and (African and Vana holy basil). The genotypes exhibited significant variations in their morphological growth, essential oil content (EOC), and composition. African basil produced more biomass (408.3 g/plant) and showed robust growth. The sweet basil cultivars clove, licorice, Thai tömzsi, and Thai hosszú also exhibited similar robust growth trends. Vietnamese basil, on the other hand, displayed the lowest fresh biomass of 82.0 g per plant. Both holy basils showed EOC levels below 0.5%, while Mrihani basil stood out with the highest EOC of 1.7%. The predominant constituents of the essential oil among these genotypes comprised estragole, thymol, methyl cinnamate, linalool, and eugenol. In conclusion, this study showed that the genotypes of basil stored in the department's gene bank exhibit a wide range of variability, both within and between species.
PubMed: 38202372
DOI: 10.3390/plants13010064 -
Biotechnology For Biofuels and... Sep 2023Cyanobacteria are emerging as green cell factories for sustainable biofuel and chemical production, due to their photosynthetic ability to use solar energy, carbon...
BACKGROUND
Cyanobacteria are emerging as green cell factories for sustainable biofuel and chemical production, due to their photosynthetic ability to use solar energy, carbon dioxide and water in a direct process. The model cyanobacterial strain Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 has been engineered for the isobutanol and 3-methyl-1-butanol production by introducing a synthetic 2-keto acid pathway. However, the achieved productions still remained low. In the present study, diverse metabolic engineering strategies were implemented in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 for further enhanced photosynthetic isobutanol and 3-methyl-1-butanol production.
RESULTS
Long-term cultivation was performed on two selected strains resulting in maximum cumulative isobutanol and 3-methyl-1-butanol titers of 1247 mg L and 389 mg L, on day 58 and day 48, respectively. Novel Synechocystis strain integrated with a native 2-keto acid pathway was generated and showed a production of 98 mg isobutanol L in short-term screening experiments. Enhanced isobutanol and 3-methyl-1-butanol production was observed when increasing the kivd copy number from three to four. Isobutanol and 3-methyl-1-butanol production was effectively improved when overexpressing selected genes of the central carbon metabolism. Identified genes are potential metabolic engineering targets to further enhance productivity of pyruvate-derived bioproducts in cyanobacteria.
CONCLUSIONS
Enhanced isobutanol and 3-methyl-1-butanol production was successfully achieved in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 strains through diverse metabolic engineering strategies. The maximum cumulative isobutanol and 3-methyl-1-butanol titers, 1247 mg L and 389 mg L, respectively, represent the current highest value reported. The significantly enhanced isobutanol and 3-methyl-1-butanol production in this study further pave the way for an industrial application of photosynthetic cyanobacteria-based biofuel and chemical synthesis from CO.
PubMed: 37684613
DOI: 10.1186/s13068-023-02385-1 -
Environmental Science and Pollution... Sep 2023Mineral oils are used in substantial quantities for the production of varnishes and inks due to their abundance and versatility. However, as part of the production...
Mineral oils are used in substantial quantities for the production of varnishes and inks due to their abundance and versatility. However, as part of the production process, some of mineral oil components are separated as waste material, whereupon they can mix with air, water, or soil and become potentially harmful to the environment. Almost all these waste materials are volatile organic compounds (VOCs), chemicals that can easily evaporate at room temperature and have toxic effect. Therefore, a novel green, mineral oil-free offset printing ink was produced using vegetable oil esters as bio-renewable raw materials. Accompanying varnishes were prepared with linseed oil, methyl oleate, octyl stearate, and four types of resin (A, B, C, and D). The application of these varnishes to magenta color offset ink was subsequently studied to screen out the best combination of resin and ester in terms of setting time. Meanwhile, dyeing force tests were conducted to evaluate the ink's printability, while rheological analysis was done via viscosity and flowability tests. The setting time of the magenta color offset ink made by varnish A was observed to be considerably shorter than that of the ink samples prepared using varnishes B, C, and D. Furthermore, varnish A proved to be a good alternative varnish for the production of yellow, cyan, and black color offset printing inks. Samples of these inks were printed on coated paper, and their printability was contrasted against that of vegetable oil-based (pure vegetable oil), mineral oil-based, and other mineral oil-free offset printing inks. Results determined that the varnishes produced with linseed oil, methyl oleate, and octyl stearate can replace mineral oil-based varnishes for the production of offset printing ink.
Topics: Esters; Ink; Linseed Oil; Mineral Oil; Minerals; Plant Oils; Resins, Plant; Rosaniline Dyes
PubMed: 37594716
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29309-8