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Revista Espanola de Quimioterapia :... Feb 2024
Topics: Humans; Teicoplanin; Micrococcaceae; Endocarditis; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Endocarditis, Bacterial
PubMed: 38131630
DOI: 10.37201/req/051.2023 -
Biodegradation Feb 2024Di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) is widely used as plasticizer that has potential carcinogenic, teratogenic, and endocrine effects. In the present study, an efficient...
Di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) is widely used as plasticizer that has potential carcinogenic, teratogenic, and endocrine effects. In the present study, an efficient DBP-degrading bacterial strain 0426 was isolated and identified as a Glutamicibacter sp. strain 0426. It can utilize DBP as the sole source of carbon and energy and completely degraded 300 mg/L of DBP within 12 h. The optimal conditions (pH 6.9 and 31.7 °C) for DBP degradation were determined by response surface methodology and DBP degradation well fitted with the first-order kinetics. Bioaugmentation of contaminated soil with strain 0426 enhanced DBP (1 mg/g soil) degradation, indicating the application potential of strain 0426 for environment DBP removal. Strain 0426 harbors a distinctive DBP hydrolysis mechanism with two parallel benzoate metabolic pathways, which may account for the remarkable performance of DBP degradation. Sequences alignment has shown that an alpha/beta fold hydrolase (WP_083586847.1) contained a conserved catalytic triad and pentapeptide motif (GX1SX2G), of which function is similar to phthalic acid ester (PAEs) hydrolases and lipases that can efficiently catalyze hydrolysis of water-insoluble substrates. Furthermore, phthalic acid was converted to benzoate by decarboxylation, which entered into two different pathways: one is the protocatechuic acid pathway under the role of pca cluster, and the other is the catechol pathway. This study demonstrates a novel DBP degradation pathway, which broadens our understanding of the mechanisms of PAE biodegradation.
Topics: Dibutyl Phthalate; Phthalic Acids; Biodegradation, Environmental; Micrococcaceae; Soil; Benzoates
PubMed: 37395851
DOI: 10.1007/s10532-023-10032-7 -
Bulletin of Experimental Biology and... Jan 2024Dormant forms of causative agents of healthcare-acquired infections Moraxella catarrhalis and Kocuria rhizophila have been obtained. Dormant forms cells retained...
Dormant forms of causative agents of healthcare-acquired infections Moraxella catarrhalis and Kocuria rhizophila have been obtained. Dormant forms cells retained viability during long-term storage (≈10 CFU/ml after 2 months) under provocative conditions (lack of nutrient sources; temperature 20°C, oxygen access) were characterized by heat resistance, and acquired special ultrastructural organization typical of dormant forms (compacted nucleoid, thickened cell wall). They were also capable of forming alternative phenotypes (dominant and small colony variants) in a new cycle of germination in a fresh medium. These results demonstrate that the dormant forms can be responsible both for survival in the environment and persistence in the host organism.
Topics: Moraxella catarrhalis; Micrococcaceae; Phenotype
PubMed: 38342813
DOI: 10.1007/s10517-024-06021-2 -
Journal of Environmental Management Jun 2024To investigate the impact and mechanism of Cd-tolerant bacteria in soil on promoting Cd accumulation in Ageratum conyzoides L., we verified the impact of inoculating two...
To investigate the impact and mechanism of Cd-tolerant bacteria in soil on promoting Cd accumulation in Ageratum conyzoides L., we verified the impact of inoculating two strains, B-1 (Burkholderia contaminans HA09) and B-7 (Arthrobacter humicola), on Cd accumulation in A. conyzoides through a pot experiment. Additionally, we investigated the dissolution of CdCO and nutrient elements, as well as the release of indoleacetic acid (IAA) by the two strains. The results showed that both strains can significantly improve the dissolution of CdCO. Strains B-1 and B-7 had obvious effect of dissolving phosphorus, which was 5.63 and 2.76 times higher than that of the control group, respectively. Strain B-7 had significant effect of dissolution potassium, which was 1.79 times higher than that of the control group. Strains B-1 and B-7 had significant nitrogen fixation effect, which was 29.53 and 44.39 times higher than that of the control group, respectively. In addition, inoculating with strain B-1 and B-7 significantly increased the Cd extraction efficiency of A. conyzoides (by 114% and 45% respectively) through enhancing Cd accumulation and the biomass of A. conyzoides. Furthermore, the inoculation of strain B-1 and B-7 led to a significant increase in the activities of CAT and SOD, as well as the content of chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll in the leaves of A. conyzoides. To sum up, strain B-1 and B-7 can promote the phytoremediation efficiency of A. conyzoides on Cd by promoting the biomass and Cd accumulation of A. conyzoides.
Topics: Cadmium; Biodegradation, Environmental; Arthrobacter; Soil Pollutants; Ageratum; Burkholderia; Indoleacetic Acids
PubMed: 38833921
DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121250 -
International Journal of Molecular... Jun 2024The innate immune response in , mediated by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), is crucial for defending against pathogens. This study examined DDX41 protein functions...
The innate immune response in , mediated by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), is crucial for defending against pathogens. This study examined DDX41 protein functions as a cytosolic/nuclear sensor for cyclic dinucleotides, RNA, and DNA from invasive intracellular bacteria. The investigation determined the existence, conservation, and functional expression of the gene in . In silico predictions and experimental validations identified a single gene on chromosome 5 in , showing 83.92% homology with its human counterpart. Transcriptomic analysis in salmon head kidney confirmed gene transcriptional integrity. Proteomic identification through mass spectrometry characterized three unique peptides with 99.99% statistical confidence. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated significant evolutionary conservation across species. Functional gene expression analysis in SHK-1 cells infected by and indicated significant upregulation of DDX41, correlated with increased proinflammatory cytokine levels and activation of and interferon signaling pathways. In vivo studies corroborated DDX41 activation in immune responses, particularly when was challenged with , underscoring its potential in enhancing disease resistance. This is the first study to identify the DDX41 pathway as a key component in innate immune response to invading pathogens, establishing a basis for future research in salmonid disease resistance.
Topics: Animals; Piscirickettsia; Immunity, Innate; Salmo salar; Fish Diseases; Piscirickettsiaceae Infections; Phylogeny; Renibacterium; Fish Proteins; DEAD-box RNA Helicases; Evolution, Molecular
PubMed: 38928053
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126346 -
Journal of Hazardous Materials Jun 2024The particle size distribution in tailings notably influences their physical properties and behavior. Despite this, our understanding of how the distribution of tailings...
The particle size distribution in tailings notably influences their physical properties and behavior. Despite this, our understanding of how the distribution of tailings particle sizes impacts in situ pollution and ecological remediation in in-situ environment remains limited. In this study, an iron tailings reservoir was sampled along a particle flow path to compare the pollution characteristic and microbial communities across regions with different particle sizes. The results revealed a gradual reduction in tailings particle size along the flow direction. The predominant mineral composition shifts from minerals such as albite and quartz to layered minerals. Total nitrogen, total organic carbon, and total metal concentrations increased, whereas the acid-generating potential decreased. The region with the finest tailings particle size exhibited the highest microbial diversity, featuring metal-resistant microorganisms such as KD4-96, Micrococcaceae, and Acidimicrobiia. Significant discrepancies were observed in tailings pollution and ecological risks across different particle sizes. Consequently, it is necessary to assess tailings reservoirs pollution in the early stages of remediation before determining appropriate remediation methods. These findings underscore that tailings particle distribution is a critical factor in shaping geochemical characteristics. The responsive nature of the microbial community further validated these outcomes and offered novel insights into the ecological remediation of tailings.
PubMed: 38943882
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135024 -
Journal of Environmental Sciences... Aug 2024The degradation of tilmicosin (TLM), a semi-synthetic 16-membered macrolide antibiotic, has been receiving increasing attention. Conventionally, there are three...
The degradation of tilmicosin (TLM), a semi-synthetic 16-membered macrolide antibiotic, has been receiving increasing attention. Conventionally, there are three tilmicosin degradation methods, and among them microbial degradation is considered the best due to its high efficiency, eco-friendliness, and low cost. Coincidently, we found a new strain, Glutamicibacter nicotianae sp. AT6, capable of degrading high-concentration TLM at 100 mg/L with a 97% removal efficiency. The role of tryptone was as well investigated, and the results revealed that the loading of tryptone had a significant influence on TLM removals. The toxicity assessment indicated that strain AT6 could efficiently convert TLM into less-toxic substances. Based on the identified intermediates, the degradation of TLM by AT6 processing through two distinct pathways was then proposed.
Topics: Wastewater; Tylosin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Biodegradation, Environmental; Micrococcaceae
PubMed: 38527883
DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.07.009 -
Marine Drugs Feb 2024Sulfation is gaining increased interest due to the role of sulfate in the bioactivity of many polysaccharides of marine origin. Hence, sulfatases, enzymes that control...
Sulfation is gaining increased interest due to the role of sulfate in the bioactivity of many polysaccharides of marine origin. Hence, sulfatases, enzymes that control the degree of sulfation, are being more extensively researched. In this work, a novel sulfatase (SulA1) encoded by the gene was characterized. The -gene is located upstream of a chondroitin lyase encoding gene in the genome of the marine Arthrobacter strain (MAT3885). The sulfatase was produced in . Based on the primary sequence, the enzyme is classified under sulfatase family 1 and the two catalytic residues typical of the sulfatase 1 family-Cys57 (post-translationally modified to formyl glycine for function) and His190-were conserved. The enzyme showed increased activity, but not improved stability, in the presence of Ca, and conserved residues for Ca binding were identified (Asp17, Asp18, Asp277, and Asn278) in a structural model of the enzyme. The temperature and pH activity profiles (screened using -nitrocatechol sulfate) were narrow, with an activity optimum at 40-50 °C and a pH optimum at pH 5.5. The was significantly higher (67 °C) than the activity optimum. Desulfation activity was not detected on polymeric substrates, but was found on GalNAc4S, which is a sulfated monomer in the repeated disaccharide unit (GlcA-GalNAc4S) of, e.g., chondroitin sulfate A. The position of the sulA1 gene upstream of a chondroitin lyase gene and combined with the activity on GalNAc4S suggests that there is an involvement of the enzyme in the chondroitin-degrading cascade reaction, which specifically removes sulfate from monomeric GalNAc4S from chondroitin sulfate degradation products.
Topics: Sulfates; Acetylgalactosamine; Arthrobacter; Sulfatases; Escherichia coli; Galactosamine; Chondroitin Lyases; Cloning, Molecular
PubMed: 38535445
DOI: 10.3390/md22030104 -
Genes & Genomics Jan 2024The skin microbiome, a diverse community of microorganisms, plays a crucial role in maintaining skin health. Among these microorganisms, the gram-positive bacterium...
BACKGROUND
The skin microbiome, a diverse community of microorganisms, plays a crucial role in maintaining skin health. Among these microorganisms, the gram-positive bacterium Micrococcus luteus exhibits potential for promoting skin health. This study focuses on postbiotics derived from M. luteus YM-4, a strain isolated from human skin.
OBJECTIVE
Our objective is to explore the beneficial effects of YM-4 culture filtrate on dermatological health, including enhancing barrier function, modulating immune response, and aiding recovery from environmental damage.
METHODS
The effects of the YM-4 culture filtrate were tested on human keratinocytes and fibroblasts under various conditions using real-time PCR for gene expression analysis and fibroblast migration assays. A dehydration-simulated model was employed to prepare RNA-Seq samples from HaCaT cells treated with the YM-4 culture filtrate. Differentially expressed genes were identified and functionally classified through k-means clustering, gene ontology terms enrichment analyses, and protein-protein interactions mapping.
RESULTS
The YM-4 culture filtrate enhanced the expression of genes involved in skin hydration, hyaluronic acid synthesis, barrier function, and cell proliferation. It also reduced inflammation markers in keratinocytes and fibroblasts under stress conditions. It mitigated UVB-induced collagen degradation while promoted collagen synthesis, suggesting anti-aging properties, and accelerated wound healing processes by promoting cell proliferation and migration. RNA sequencing analysis revealed that the YM-4 culture filtrate could reverse dehydration-induced transcriptional changes towards a state similar to untreated cells.
CONCLUSION
M. luteus YM-4 culture filtrate exhibits significant therapeutic potential for dermatological applications.
Topics: Humans; Micrococcus luteus; Dehydration; Skin; Collagen; Epirubicin
PubMed: 37971618
DOI: 10.1007/s13258-023-01471-w -
Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology Feb 2024Biofilms are the significant causes of 80% of chronic infections in the oral cavity, urinary tract, biliary tube, lungs, gastrointestinal tract, and so on to the general...
Biofilms are the significant causes of 80% of chronic infections in the oral cavity, urinary tract, biliary tube, lungs, gastrointestinal tract, and so on to the general public. Treatment of pathogenic biofilm using bacterial exopolysaccharides (EPS) is an effective and promising strategy. In the present work, a marine bacterium was isolated, studied for exopolysaccharide production, and tested for its antibiofilm activity. Approximately 1.31 ± 0.07 g/L of a purified extracellular polysaccharide was produced and characterized from the isolated marine bacterium BPM30. The hydrolyzed EPS contains multiple monosaccharides such as rhamnose, fructose, glucose, and galactose. The EPS demonstrated potential antibiofilm activity on four tested pathogens in a concentration-dependent mode. The antibiofilm activity of the purified EPS was studied by crystal violet assay and fluorescence staining method. Comparative inhibition results obtained for the tested strains are 93.25% ± 5.25 and 88.56% ± 2.25 for 92.65% ± 7.6 and 98.33% ± 0.85 for 90.36% ± 6.3 and 52.08% ± 7.74 for 84.62% ± 5.6 and 77.90% ± 5.90 for . The results of the present work demonstrated the antibiofilm potential of EPS, which could be helpful in the invention of novel curative approaches in battling bacterial biofilm-related medical complications.
Topics: Polysaccharides, Bacterial; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria; Biofilms; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Micrococcaceae
PubMed: 37184434
DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2023.2209886