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Critical Reviews in Food Science and... Nov 2023Linseed is an ancient crop used for diverse purposes since the beginning of civilization. In recent times, linseed has emerged as a superfood due to its high content of... (Review)
Review
Linseed is an ancient crop used for diverse purposes since the beginning of civilization. In recent times, linseed has emerged as a superfood due to its high content of health-promoting omega-3 fatty acids and other bioactive compounds. Among primary health effects, it has potential to manage hypertension, diabetes, osteoporosis, atherosclerosis, cancer, arthritis, neurological, cardiovascular diseases including blood cholesterol levels, constipation, diarrhea, and autoimmune disorders etc. due to the presence of omega-3 fatty acid, lignans, high dietary fibers, and proteins, whereas, secondary health effects comprise of relieving from various skin disorders. Due to these health-beneficial properties, interest in linseed oil necessitates the intensification of research efforts on various aspects. These include cultivation technology, varietal and genetic improvement, post-harvest processing, profiling of nutrients and bioactive compounds, pre-clinical and clinical studies, etc. The present review discussed the advances in linseed research including pre- and post-harvest processing. However, focus on the bioactive compounds present in linseed oil and their health effects are also presented. Linseed cultivation, pre- and post-harvest processing aspects are covered including climatic, edaphic, agronomic factors, type of cultivar and storage conditions etc, which impact the overall oil yield and its nutritional quality. Various emerging applications of linseed oil in functional food, nutraceutical, pharmaceutical, and cosmeceutical preparations were also presented in detail. Further, recommendations were made on linseed oil research in the field of genetics, breeding germplasm resources and genome editing for exploring its full applications as a nutrition and health product.
PubMed: 38032160
DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2280768 -
Journal of Family Medicine and Primary... Nov 2023During the neonatal life cycle, various dermatological conditions are common. In comparison to the skin of adults, neonates' skins are more susceptible to infections in...
BACKGROUND
During the neonatal life cycle, various dermatological conditions are common. In comparison to the skin of adults, neonates' skins are more susceptible to infections in the first week of their lives. These infections often lead to many dermatological skin complications and create worrisome among parents. Hence, it is crucial to diagnose and manage such affected neonates at the earliest. This study aimed to highlight and estimate the occurrence of numerous dermatoses and assess various skin changes that occurred physiologically and pathologically in neonates.
METHODOLOGY
In this cross-sectional observational study, 474 neonates were enrolled in the neonatal intensive care unit. The whole newborn skin surface, comprising the palms and soles, scalp, mucous membranes, genitalia, hair, and nails, was scrutinized under adequate light, and all changes that occurred over the skin were observed and recorded. The sample size estimation was undertaken from the references that have the least prevalent cutaneous dermatosis: hypertrichosis desquamation and napkin dermatosis. A statistical analysis like the Chi-square test was performed to associate the type of dermatosis with the parameters of age, gender, delivery type, and birth weight.
RESULTS
Of the total 474 cases, 90 (18.98%) had single dermatosis, while the remaining 384 (81.01%) had more than one form of dermatosis. Among the 384 cases, sebaceous gland hyperplasia (SGH) in 105 (22.15%), Epstein pearls in 50 (10.54%), erythema toxicum neonatorum (ETN) in 40 (8.43%), physiological desquamation in 25 (5.27%), lanugo hair in 20 (4.21%), miliaria in 22 (4.64%), salmon patch in 13 (2.74%), cradle cap/seborrheic dermatitis in 6 (1.26%), vernix caseosa in 12 (2.53%), transient neonatal pustular melanosis in 13 (2.74%), congenital melanocytic nevus in 20 (4.21%), hemangioma in 15 (3.16%), neonatal acne in 5 (1.05%), napkin dermatitis in 10 (2.10%), cutis marmorata in 6 (1.26%), milia in 2 (0.42%) intertrigo 3 (0.63%), collodion baby in 2 (0.42%), and neonatal occipital alopecia in 2 (0.42%) neonates each and others, respectively.
CONCLUSION
The findings from the present study were representative of a specific racial/geographic distribution and will assist in adding or comparing the prevalence of neonatal dermatosis with other geographic regions as the array of dermatological characterizations in neonates varies as per time and place. This study aims to provide insight into the future implications in the neonatal dermatology domain and avoid further skin complications.
PubMed: 38186839
DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_513_23 -
The Journal of Dermatology Apr 2024
PubMed: 38641911
DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.17219 -
ACS Sensors Aug 2023We report here a small library of a new type of acyclic squaramide receptors (-) as selective ionophores for the detection of ketoprofen and naproxen anions (KF and NS,...
We report here a small library of a new type of acyclic squaramide receptors (-) as selective ionophores for the detection of ketoprofen and naproxen anions (KF and NS, respectively) in aqueous media. H NMR binding studies show a high affinity of these squaramide receptors toward KF and NS, suggesting the formation of H-bonds between the two guests and the receptors through indole and -NH groups. Compounds - have been tested as ionophores for the detection of KF and NS inside solvent PVC-based polymeric membranes. The optimal membrane compositions were established through the careful variation of the ligand/tridodecylmethylammonium chloride (TDMACl) anion-exchanger ratio. All of the tested acyclic squaramide receptors - have high affinity toward KF and NS and anti-Hofmeister selectivity, with and showing the highest sensitivity and selectivity to NS. The utility of the developed sensors for a high precision detection of KF in pharmaceutical compositions with low relative errors of analysis (RSD, 0.99-1.4%) and recoveries, %, in the range 95.1-111.8% has been demonstrated. Additionally, the chemometric approach has been involved to effectively discriminate between the structurally very similar KF and NS, and the possibility of detecting these analytes at concentrations as low as 0.07 μM with of 0.947 and at 0.15 μM with of 0.919 for NS and KF, respectively, was shown.
Topics: Ionophores; Anions; Quinine
PubMed: 37530141
DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c00981 -
Cureus Sep 2023Background Cysts are common skin abnormalities that are mostly benign; however, sometimes malignant lesions may present clinically as cystic manifestations. Benign...
Background Cysts are common skin abnormalities that are mostly benign; however, sometimes malignant lesions may present clinically as cystic manifestations. Benign cutaneous cysts can be of different morphological types and their diagnosis relies on histological evaluations. The most common mode of treatment is surgical excision, which is curative. Methodology This is a retrospective cross-sectional study conducted at the Department of Histopathology, Chughtai Institute of Pathology, Lahore, Pakistan from 1st January 2020 to 31st December 2022. Non-probability consecutive sampling was done, and all the cases of benign cutaneous cysts were included. All cases were microscopically reviewed by two histopathologists, and variables like age, gender, site of the lesion, and histological diagnosis were noted. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 29 (Released 2022; IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, United States). Results A total of 1160 recorded cases of benign cutaneous cysts were included. Overall gender distribution revealed males (n=489, 42.1%) and females (n=671, 57.8%). The age range was 3 to 91 years with a mean age of 37.56 ± 16.05 years. The three most common cysts were epidermal inclusion cysts (74.3%), trichilemmal cysts (15.1%), and dermoid cysts (6.3%). Other cysts were uncommon including hidrocystoma (1.9%), steatocystoma (0.3%), verrucous cysts (0.3%), comedones (0.6%), hybrid cysts (0.2%), milia (0.3%), and vellus hair cysts (0.2%). The most common site was back (23.5%) for epidermal inclusion cysts, scalp (74.4%) for trichilemmal cysts, and eye (33.8%) for dermoid cysts. Conclusion Benign cutaneous cysts have a broad morphological spectrum with a wide age range. Epidermal inclusion cysts, trichilemmal cysts, dermoid cysts, and hidrocystoma account for the four most common types. For each of the other cyst type, the prevalence was under 1%. Female gender predominated in epidermal inclusion cysts, trichilemmal cysts, and dermoid cysts while male gender was common in other cysts. Overall majority of the cysts presented in the head and neck area.
PubMed: 37868536
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.45548 -
Jornal de Pediatria 2023Determine the frequency of dermatological diagnoses in preterm newborns up to 28 days of life and associated perinatal factors.
OBJECTIVES
Determine the frequency of dermatological diagnoses in preterm newborns up to 28 days of life and associated perinatal factors.
METHOD
a cross-sectional analytical study with a convenience sample and prospective data collection, was conducted between November 2017 and August 2019. Overall, 341 preterm newborns who had been admitted to a University hospital - including those admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit - were evaluated.
RESULTS
61 (17.9%) had less than 32 weeks gestational age (GA), with a mean GA and birth weight of 33.9 ± 2.8 weeks and 2107.8 ± 679.8g (465 to 4230g), respectively. The median age at the time of evaluation was 2.9 days (4 h to 27 days). The frequency of dermatological diagnoses was 100% and 98.5% of the sample had two or more, with an average of 4.67+1.53 dermatoses for each newborn. The 10 most frequent diagnoses were lanugo (85.9%), salmon patch (72.4%), sebaceous hyperplasia (68.6%), physiological desquamation (54.8%), dermal melanocytosis (38.7%), Epstein pearls (37.2%), milia (32.2%), traumatic skin lesions (24%), toxic erythema (16.7%), and contact dermatitis (5%). Those with GA< 28 weeks showed more traumatic injuries and abrasions, whereas those with ≥ 28 weeks had physiological changes more frequently, and those with GA between 34-36 weeks, had transient changes.
CONCLUSION
Dermatological diagnoses were frequent in our sample and those with higher GA showed a higher frequency of physiological (lanugo and salmon patch) and transient changes (toxic erythema and miliaria). Traumatic lesions and contact dermatitis were among the 10 most frequent injuries, reinforcing the need to effectively implement neonatal skin care protocols, especially in preterm.
Topics: Pregnancy; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Cross-Sectional Studies; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Birth Weight; Erythema; Gestational Age; Dermatitis, Contact; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal
PubMed: 37172615
DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2023.04.005 -
The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic... Nov 2023Basaloid follicular hamartoma is an uncommun benign neoplasm of the hair follicule. The linear form of basaloid follicular hamartoma can be associated with basal cell...
BACKGROUND
Basaloid follicular hamartoma is an uncommun benign neoplasm of the hair follicule. The linear form of basaloid follicular hamartoma can be associated with basal cell carcinoma. We report a case of a patient with multiple basal cell carcinomas developing on a congenital lesion allowing the diagnosis of basaloid follicular hamartoma on histopathology.
METHODS
Each lesion was evaluated by two dermatologists. All biopsy specimens were routinely stained with hematoxylin-eosin.
RESULTS
A 76 year-old-man consulted our dermatology departement for erythematous papules spread over the left lower limb. The lesion had been evolving since birth with flesh-colored to pinkish papules following Blaschko's lines from the root of the thigh to the foot. Three months before consultation, the papules increased in size leading to nodules with sometimes an ulcerated center. Dermoscopy under polarized mode displayed for ulcerated lesions (A) yellow-brownish crusts and ulceration surrounded by blue-grey ovoid nests, subtle short white streaks, brown dots and linear/arborising vessels. For nodular lesions (B), dermoscopic features are white pinkish hue, dotted and linear vessels, brown dots, blue-grey structureless areas and white prominent shiny streaks. There were some more erythematous inflamed and eroded areas in the background with a reversed honeycomb white network on dermoscopy (C), polymorphous vessels, whitish scales, ulcerations and milia-like cysts. The background lesion showed varied dermoscopic structures on a flesh colored slightly pinkish bottom (D). Histolopathology concluded for lesions A to an infiltrating and nodular basal cell carcinoma, (B) and (C) to fibroepithelioma of Pinkus and (D) to basaloid follicular hamartoma.
CONCLUSION
Several case reports have documented dermoscopic features of a solitary basaloid follicular hamartoma. However, further studies are required to specify any reproducible features.
PubMed: 38076655
DOI: No ID Found -
JAMA Dermatology Nov 2023
Topics: Humans; Pruritus; Skin Abnormalities; Leg
PubMed: 37755837
DOI: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2023.3438 -
Indian Journal of Dermatology,... 2023Introduction Tattoo-associated complications are on the rise due to the popularity of decorative tattoos in recent years. The exact pathogeneses of various tattoo...
Clinicodermoscopic and immunopathological profile of non-infectious non-eczematous inflammatory tattoo reactions: A retrospective study from a tertiary care centre of East India.
Introduction Tattoo-associated complications are on the rise due to the popularity of decorative tattoos in recent years. The exact pathogeneses of various tattoo reaction patterns are still unclear, and their dermoscopic details are sparsely reported. Aim We aimed to retrospectively study the clinical, dermoscopic and immunopathological details of patients with non-infectious, non-eczematous inflammatory tattoo reaction patterns in a tertiary care centre of East India. Method The clinical, dermoscopic and pathological details of all the patients who had non-infectious, non-eczematous inflammatory tattoo reactions were collected. In all the cases, immunohistochemistry was done for CD1a, CD3, CD4, CD8, FoxP3, CD20 and CD56. Results A total of five patients of skin phototypes IV and V and six tattoo reactions were analysed. Five lesions had reactions at the site of a black tattoo, and one at the site of red tattoo. Clinically, the patients presented with erythematous or blue-grey flat-topped to verrucous papules and plaques. Dermoscopic features were dominated by a central white to pink-white structureless area, a peripheral grey-white to bluish-white structureless area, white scales, comedo-like opening with keratotic plugging, milia-like cysts and shiny white structures. Pathologically, except for one lesion that only showed a lichenoid reaction pattern in the red tattoo, all had a combination of reaction patterns. Immunohistochemistry showed increased epidermal and dermal Langerhans cells, predominantly CD8 positive T cells in the epidermis and dermis, sparse dermal B cells and CD4 positive T cells, reduced T regulatory cells and a complete absence of CD56 positive NK cells. Limitations Small sample size was the limitation of the study. Conclusion The clinical morphology and dermoscopy may not differentiate between various types of non-infectious non-eczematous inflammatory tattoo reactions. The immunological profile supports a delayed hypersensitivity reaction due to contact sensitisation to tattoo pigment, and CD8 positive T cells play a central role in executing various pathological reaction patterns, both in the epidermis and dermis.
Topics: Humans; Tattooing; Retrospective Studies; Tertiary Care Centers; Skin; Inflammation; India
PubMed: 36331839
DOI: 10.25259/IJDVL_85_2022 -
The Journal of Trauma and Acute Care... Nov 2023The optimal time to initiate venous thromboembolism prophylaxis (VTEp) for patients with intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is controversial and must balance the risks of VTE...
Early venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in patients with trauma intracranial hemorrhage: Analysis of the prospective multicenter Consortium of Leaders in Traumatic Thromboembolism study.
BACKGROUND
The optimal time to initiate venous thromboembolism prophylaxis (VTEp) for patients with intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is controversial and must balance the risks of VTE with potential progression of ICH. We sought to evaluate the efficacy and safety of early VTEp initiation after traumatic ICH.
METHODS
This is a secondary analysis of the prospective multicenter Consortium of Leaders in the Study of Thromboembolism study. Patients with head Abbreviated Injury Scale score of > 2 and with immediate VTEp held because of ICH were included. Patients were divided into VTEp ≤ or >48 hours and compared. Outcome variables included overall VTE, deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism, progression of intracranial hemorrhage (pICH), or other bleeding events. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were performed.
RESULTS
There were 881 patients in total; 378 (43%) started VTEp ≤48 hours (early). Patients starting VTEp >48 hours (late) had higher VTE (12.4% vs. 7.2%, p = 0.01) and DVT (11.0% vs. 6.1%, p = 0.01) rates than the early group. The incidence of pulmonary embolism (2.1% vs. 2.2%, p = 0.94), pICH (1.9% vs. 1.8%, p = 0.95), or any other bleeding event (1.9% vs. 3.0%, p = 0.28) was equivalent between early and late VTEp groups. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, VTEp >48 hours (odds ratio [OR], 1.86), ventilator days >3 (OR, 2.00), and risk assessment profile score of ≥5 (OR, 6.70) were independent risk factors for VTE (all p < 0.05), while VTEp with enoxaparin was associated with decreased VTE (OR, 0.54, p < 0.05). Importantly, VTEp ≤48 hours was not associated with pICH (OR, 0.75) or risk of other bleeding events (OR, 1.28) (both p = NS).
CONCLUSION
Early initiation of VTEp (≤48 hours) for patients with ICH was associated with decreased VTE/DVT rates without increased risk of pICH or other significant bleeding events. Enoxaparin is superior to unfractionated heparin as VTE prophylaxis in patients with severe TBI.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapeutic/Care Management; Level IV.
Topics: Humans; Anticoagulants; Enoxaparin; Heparin; Intracranial Hemorrhage, Traumatic; Intracranial Hemorrhages; Prospective Studies; Pulmonary Embolism; Retrospective Studies; Venous Thromboembolism
PubMed: 37314427
DOI: 10.1097/TA.0000000000004007