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Chembiochem : a European Journal of... Mar 2024The connection between 3d (Cu) and 4d (Mo) via the "Mo-S-Cu" unit is called Mo-Cu antagonism. Biology offers case studies of such interactions in metalloproteins such as... (Review)
Review
The connection between 3d (Cu) and 4d (Mo) via the "Mo-S-Cu" unit is called Mo-Cu antagonism. Biology offers case studies of such interactions in metalloproteins such as Mo/Cu-CO Dehydrogenases (Mo/Cu-CODH), and Mo/Cu Orange Protein (Mo/Cu-ORP). The CODH significantly maintains the CO level in the atmosphere below the toxic level by converting it to non-toxic CO for respiring organisms. Several models were synthesized to understand the structure-function relationship of these native enzymes. However, this interaction was first observed in ruminants, and they convert molybdate (MoO ) into tetrathiomolybdate (MoS ; TTM), reacting with cellular Cu to yield biological unavailable Mo/S/Cu cluster, then developing Cu-deficiency diseases. These findings inspire the use of TTM as a Cu-sequester drug, especially for treating Cu-dependent human diseases such as Wilson diseases (WD) and cancer. It is well known that a balanced Cu homeostasis is essential for a wide range of biological processes, but negative consequence leads to cell toxicity. Therefore, this review aims to connect the Mo-Cu antagonism in metalloproteins and anti-copper therapy.
Topics: Humans; Copper; Molybdenum; Metalloproteins
PubMed: 38205937
DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300679 -
Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in... Mar 2024Ruthenium(II) complexes with chelating polypyridine ligands are among the most frequently investigated compounds in photophysics and photochemistry, owing to their... (Review)
Review
Ruthenium(II) complexes with chelating polypyridine ligands are among the most frequently investigated compounds in photophysics and photochemistry, owing to their favorable luminescence and photoredox properties. Equally good photoluminescence performance and attractive photocatalytic behavior is now achievable with isoelectronic molybdenum(0) complexes. The zero-valent oxidation state of molybdenum is stabilized by carbonyl or isocyanide ligands, and metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) excited states analogous to those in ruthenium(II) complexes can be established. Microsecond MLCT excited-state lifetimes and photoluminescence quantum yields up to 0.2 have been achieved in solution at room temperature, and the emission wavelength has become tunable over a large range. The molybdenum(0) complexes are stronger photoreductants than ruthenium(II) polypyridines and can therefore perform more challenging chemical reductions. The triplet nature of their luminescent MLCT states allows sensitization of photon upconversion via triplet-triplet annihilation, to convert low-energy input radiation into higher-energy output fluorescence. This review summarizes the current state of the art concerning luminescent molybdenum(0) complexes and highlights their application potential. Molybdenum is roughly 140 times more abundant and far cheaper than ruthenium, hence this research is relevant in the greater context of finding more sustainable alternatives to using precious and rare transition metals in photophysics and photochemistry.
PubMed: 37885363
DOI: 10.1002/anie.202314475 -
Heliyon Dec 2023In this paper, 75 concrete prisms were tested under different temperatures (20, 200, 400, 600 and 800 °C) and molybdenum tailings replacement ratio (0, 25, 50, 75, and...
In this paper, 75 concrete prisms were tested under different temperatures (20, 200, 400, 600 and 800 °C) and molybdenum tailings replacement ratio (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 %). The axial compression failure modes and mechanical properties of molybdenum tailings concrete were studied. The results show that the increase in temperature will aggravate the failure of concrete under axial compression, instead of molybdenum tailing replacement ratio. With the increase of temperature (20-800 °C), the surface color of the concrete becomes lighter, and obvious cracks began to appear from 400 °C, the mass loss ratio and peak strain of molybdenum tailings concrete show an increasing trend, and reach the maximum growth ratio (6.58 % and 34 %) at 800 °C. The peak stress and elastic modulus of molybdenum tailings concrete show a decreasing trend, and reach the maximum reduction at 800 °C (52 % and 71 %). With the increase of replacement ratio, the mass loss ratio of molybdenum tailings concrete increases linearly. The peak stress, peak strain and elastic modulus of molybdenum tailings concrete at all temperatures increase first and then decrease. The 25 % molybdenum tailings content can improve the deterioration of molybdenum tailings concrete after exposure to high temperature. Based on the experimental data, the prediction formulas of peak stress/strain and elastic modulus of molybdenum tailings under different temperature-molybdenum tailings replacement ratio coupling conditions are fitted respectively. The experimental and calculated values of the formula are in good agreement.
PubMed: 38076204
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22763 -
Clinical Nutrition ESPEN Jun 2024Trace elements are an essential component of metabolism and medical nutrition therapy, with key roles in metabolic pathways, antioxidation, and immunity, which the... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Trace elements are an essential component of metabolism and medical nutrition therapy, with key roles in metabolic pathways, antioxidation, and immunity, which the present course aims at summarizing.
RESULTS
Medical nutrition therapy includes the provision of all essential trace elements. The clinical essential issues are summarized for Copper, Iron, Selenium, Zinc, Iodine, Chromium, Molybdenum, and Manganese: the optimal analytical techniques are presented. The delivery of all these elements occurs nearly automatically when the patient is fed with enteral nutrition, but always requires separate prescription in case of parenteral nutrition. Isolated deficiencies may occur, and some patients have increased requirements, therefore a regular monitoring is required. The clinicians should always consider the impact of inflammation on blood levels, mostly lowering them even in absence of deficiency.
CONCLUSION
This text summarises the most relevant clinical manifestations of trace element depletion and deficiency, the difficulties in assessing status, and makes practical recommendations for provision for enteral and parenteral nutrition.
Topics: Humans; Trace Elements; Micronutrients; Parenteral Nutrition; Enteral Nutrition; Selenium; Nutritional Status; Zinc; Nutritional Requirements; Copper; Molybdenum; Iron
PubMed: 38777456
DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.04.007 -
ACS Applied Bio Materials Jul 2023Molybdenum-based nanomaterials with variable oxidation states can be developed as nanozyme catalysts. In this work, we developed a one-pot method for the preparation of...
Molybdenum-based nanomaterials with variable oxidation states can be developed as nanozyme catalysts. In this work, we developed a one-pot method for the preparation of molybdenum disulfide assisted by protein. Protamine was used as a cationic template to link molybdate anions and form complexes. During hydrothermal synthesis, protamine can affect the nucleation process of molybdenum disulfide and inhibit their aggregation, which facilitates the fabrication of small-sized molybdenum disulfide nanoparticles. Moreover, the abundant amino/guanidyl groups of protamine could both physically adsorb and chemically bond to molybdenum disulfide and further modulate the crystal structures. The optimized size and crystalline structure enabled a higher exposure of active sites, which enhanced the peroxidase-like activity of molybdenum disulfide/protamine nanocomposites. Meanwhile, the antibacterial activity of protamine was retained in the molybdenum disulfide/protamine nanocomposites, which could synergize with the peroxidase-like activity of molybdenum disulfide to kill bacteria. Therefore, the molybdenum disulfide/protamine nanocomposites are good candidates for antibacterial agents with lower chances of antimicrobial resistance. This study establishes an easy way to design artificial nanozymes by compounding suitable components.
Topics: Molybdenum; Biomimetics; Nanocomposites; Protamines; Peroxidases; Anti-Bacterial Agents
PubMed: 37317061
DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00341 -
Marine Pollution Bulletin Nov 2023Queensland loggerhead turtle nest numbers at Mon Repos (MR) indicate population recovery that doesn't occur at Wreck Island (WI). Previous research illustrated that MR...
Queensland loggerhead turtle nest numbers at Mon Repos (MR) indicate population recovery that doesn't occur at Wreck Island (WI). Previous research illustrated that MR and WI turtles forage in different locations, potentially indicating risks differences. Blood, scute, and egg were collected from turtles nesting at MR and WI, with known foraging sites (from concurrent studies). Trace element and organic contaminants were assessed via acid digestion and in vitro cytotoxicity bioassays, respectively. WI turtles had significantly higher scute uranium and blood molybdenum compared to MR turtles, and arsenic was higher in WI turtles foraging north and MR turtles foraging south. Egg and blood titanium, manganese, cadmium, barium, lead, and molybdenum, and scute and egg selenium and mercury significantly correlated. Blood (75 %) extracts produced significant toxicity in vitro in turtle fibroblast cells. In conclusion, reducing chemical exposure at higher risk foraging sites would likely benefit sea turtles and their offspring.
Topics: Animals; Turtles; Molybdenum; Trace Elements; Selenium; Queensland; Nesting Behavior
PubMed: 37844482
DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115605 -
World Journal of Clinical Cases Jul 2023A positive resection margin is a major risk factor for local breast cancer recurrence after breast-conserving surgery (BCS). Preoperative imaging examinations are...
BACKGROUND
A positive resection margin is a major risk factor for local breast cancer recurrence after breast-conserving surgery (BCS). Preoperative imaging examinations are frequently employed to assess the surgical margin.
AIM
To investigate the role and value of preoperative imaging examinations [magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), molybdenum target, and ultrasound] in evaluating margins for BCS.
METHODS
A retrospective study was conducted on 323 breast cancer patients who met the criteria for BCS and consented to the procedure from January 2014 to July 2021. The study gathered preoperative imaging data (MRI, ultrasound, and molybdenum target examination) and intraoperative and postoperative pathological information. Based on their BCS outcomes, patients were categorized into positive and negative margin groups. Subsequently, the patients were randomly split into a training set (226 patients, approximately 70%) and a validation set (97 patients, approximately 30%). The imaging and pathological information was analyzed and summarized using R software. Non-conditional logistic regression and LASSO regression were conducted in the validation set to identify factors that might influence the failure of BCS. A column chart was generated and applied to the validation set to examine the relationship between pathological margin range and prognosis. This study aims to identify the risk factors associated with failure in BCS.
RESULTS
The multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis demonstrated that various factors raise the risk of positive margins following BCS. These factors comprise non-mass enhancement (NME) on dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI, multiple focal vascular signs around the lesion on MRI, tumor size exceeding 2 cm, type III time-signal intensity curve, indistinct margins on molybdenum target examination, unclear margins on ultrasound examination, and estrogen receptor (ER) positivity in immunohistochemistry. LASSO regression was additionally employed in this study to identify four predictive factors for the model: ER, molybdenum target tumor type (MT Xmd Shape), maximum intensity projection imaging feature, and lesion type on MRI. The model constructed with these predictive factors exhibited strong consistency with the real-world scenario in both the training set and validation set. Particularly, the outcomes of the column chart model accurately predicted the likelihood of positive margins in BCS.
CONCLUSION
The proposed column chart model effectively predicts the success of BCS for breast cancer. The model utilizes preoperative ultrasound, molybdenum target, MRI, and core needle biopsy pathology evaluation results, all of which align with the real-world scenario. Hence, our model can offer dependable guidance for clinical decision-making concerning BCS.
PubMed: 37583993
DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i20.4852 -
Biological Trace Element Research Aug 2023Selenium (Se), molybdenum (Mo), and iodine (I) are essential trace elements or nutrients and their adequate intake is essential for human health. These elements in foods...
Selenium (Se), molybdenum (Mo), and iodine (I) are essential trace elements or nutrients and their adequate intake is essential for human health. These elements in foods are easily absorbed from the digestive tract and excreted predominantly into the urine, and their nutritional status is reflected in urinary excretion; however, information on the variability of urinary excretion is limited. To characterize the urinary Se, Mo, and I concentrations and their intra- and inter-individual coefficients of variation (CV), correlation, and seasonal change, spot urine samples were collected from 24 healthy university students, 10 males and 14 females, with the mean age of 20.6 years, for 10 consecutive days in each of the four seasons according to a defined schedule of an interval of 3 months throughout 1 year. The median Se, Mo, and I concentrations for all urine samples (n = 947) were 52.8, 127.0, and 223 μg/L, respectively. The Se and Mo intakes were highest in summer and lowest in spring, while the I intake was highest in autumn and lowest in summer. In all three elements, the intra-individual CVs were smaller than their inter-individual CVs. The log-transformed intra- and inter-individual CVs were 10.5 and 14.7% for Se, 12.3 and 15.1% for Mo, and 15.5 and 18.1% for I. There was no gender difference in Se and I concentrations, while Mo and Mo/Cr values in males were higher than those in females. Our results suggest adequate nutritional status of Se, Mo, and I with a relatively smaller variability of dietary intake except for I in this population.
Topics: Female; Humans; Male; Young Adult; East Asian People; Iodine; Molybdenum; Seasons; Selenium
PubMed: 36394795
DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03487-x -
ACS Nano Oct 2023Low-temperature photothermal therapy (PTT) is a noninvasive method that harnesses the photothermal effect at low temperatures to selectively eliminate tumor cells, while...
Low-temperature photothermal therapy (PTT) is a noninvasive method that harnesses the photothermal effect at low temperatures to selectively eliminate tumor cells, while safeguarding normal tissues, minimizing thermal damage, and enhancing treatment safety. First we evaluated the transcriptome of tumor cells at the gene level following low-temperature treatment and observed significant enrichment of genes involved in cell cycle and heat response-related signaling pathways. To address this challenge, we have developed an engineering multifunctional nanoplatform that offered an all-in-one strategy for efficient sensitization of low-temperature PTT. Specifically, we utilized MoS nanoparticles as the photothermal core to generate low temperature (40-48 °C). The nanoplatform was coated with DPA to load CPT-11 and Fe and was further modified with PEG and iRGD to enhance tumor specificity (MoS/Fe@CPT-11-PEG-iRGD). Laser- and acid-triggered release of CPT-11 can significantly increase intracellular HO content, cooperate with Fe ions to increase intracellular lipid ROS content, and activate ferroptosis. Furthermore, CPT-11 induced cell cycle arrest in the temperature-sensitive S-phase, and increased lipid ROS levels contributed to the degradation of HSPs protein expression. This synergistic approach could effectively induce tumor cell death by the sensitized low-temperature PTT and the combination of ferroptosis and chemotherapy. Our nanoplatform can also maximize tumor cell eradication and prolong the survival time of tumor-bearing mice in vivo. The multifunctional approach will provide more possibilities for clinical applications of low-temperature PTT and potential avenues for the development of multiple tumor treatments.
Topics: Animals; Mice; Temperature; Photothermal Therapy; Irinotecan; Molybdenum; Reactive Oxygen Species; Hydrogen Peroxide; Neoplasms; Nanoparticles; Lipids; Phototherapy; Cell Line, Tumor
PubMed: 37838975
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c05991 -
ACS Catalysis Oct 2023In this work, we demonstrate that amorphous and porous molybdenum silicate microspheres are highly active catalysts for heterogeneous propylene metathesis. Homogeneous...
In this work, we demonstrate that amorphous and porous molybdenum silicate microspheres are highly active catalysts for heterogeneous propylene metathesis. Homogeneous molybdenum silicate microspheres and aluminum-doped molybdenum silicate microspheres were synthesized via a nonaqueous condensation of a hybrid molybdenum biphenyldicarboxylate-based precursor solution with (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane. The as-prepared hybrid metallosilicate products were calcined at 500 °C to obtain amorphous and porous molybdenum silicate and aluminum-doped molybdenum silicate microspheres with highly dispersed molybdate species inserted into the silicate matrix. These catalysts contain mainly highly dispersed MoO species, which possess high catalytic activity in heterogeneous propylene metathesis to ethylene and butene. Compared to conventional silica-supported MoO catalysts prepared via incipient wetness impregnation (MoIWI), the microspheres with low Mo content (1.5-3.6 wt %) exhibited nearly 2 orders of magnitude higher steady-state propylene metathesis rates at 200 °C, approaching site time yields of 0.11 s.
PubMed: 37822857
DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c02045