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BMC Women's Health Jun 2024Observational data indicates a connection between emotional discomfort, such as anxiety and depression, and uterine fibroids (UFs). However, additional investigation is...
BACKGROUND
Observational data indicates a connection between emotional discomfort, such as anxiety and depression, and uterine fibroids (UFs). However, additional investigation is required to establish the causal relationship between them. Hence, we assessed the reciprocal causality between four psychological disorders and UFs utilizing two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR).
METHODS
To evaluate the causal relationship between four types of psychological distress (depressive symptoms, severe depression, anxiety or panic attacks, mood swings) and UFs, bidirectional two-sample MR was employed, utilizing single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with these conditions. Both univariate MR (UVMR) and multivariate MR (MVMR) primarily applied inverse variance weighted (IVW) as the method for estimating potential causal effects. Complementary approaches such as MR Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode were utilized to validate the findings. To assess the robustness of our MR results, we conducted sensitivity analyses using Cochran's Q-test and the MR Egger intercept test.
RESULTS
The results of our UVMR analysis suggest that genetic predispositions to depressive symptoms (Odds Ratio [OR] = 1.563, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 1.209-2.021, P = 0.001) and major depressive disorder (MDD) (OR = 1.176, 95% CI = 1.044-1.324, P = 0.007) are associated with an increased risk of UFs. Moreover, the IVW model showed a nominally significant positive correlation between mood swings (OR: 1.578; 95% CI: 1.062-2.345; P = 0.024) and UFs risk. However, our analysis did not establish a causal relationship between UFs and the four types of psychological distress. Even after adjusting for confounders like body mass index (BMI), smoking, alcohol consumption, and number of live births in the MVMR, the causal link between MDD and UFs remained significant (OR = 1.217, 95% CI = 1.039-1.425, P = 0.015).
CONCLUSIONS
Our study presents evidence supporting the causal relationship between genetic susceptibility to MDD and the incidence of UFs. These findings highlight the significance of addressing psychological health issues, particularly depression, in both the prevention and treatment of UFs.
Topics: Humans; Mendelian Randomization Analysis; Female; Leiomyoma; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Depression; Psychological Distress; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Anxiety; Uterine Neoplasms; Causality; Panic Disorder
PubMed: 38890689
DOI: 10.1186/s12905-024-03196-8 -
L'Encephale Apr 2024Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) was first recognised in July 2013 in the DSM-5 after a long journey to identify its existence. It was not until 1983 that the... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) was first recognised in July 2013 in the DSM-5 after a long journey to identify its existence. It was not until 1983 that the US National Institute of Mental Health determined research criteria for the study of PMS. In 1994, the term "premenstrual dysphoric disorder" (PMDD) replaced this term in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic System Manual (DSM). It was listed in the section "Mood Disorder Not Otherwise Specified" and remained under consideration until the DSM-5, in which it appeared in the depressive disorders section. The legitimisation of the psychiatric diagnosis as well as the determination of clear symptomatology criteria in 2013 opened up possibilities for management, development of clinical, pathophysiological, therapeutic and psychotherapeutic studies. This disabling disorder can affect personal, social, family and professional life. In 2019, the ICD-11 in turn introduced the diagnosis of premenstrual dysphoric disorder, which solidifies the recognition of the disorder.
OBJECTIVE
(I) to review the existing treatments, both medicinal and psychotherapeutic, and (II) to review their effectiveness. At the end of this work we will formulate recommendations for the management of these patients.
METHODOLOGY
A bibliographic search was carried out from 7 June 2021 to 7 July2021 on the databases (bases de données) Psychinfo APA, Scopus, PubMed, as well as the bases de données of the Cochrane organisation and the recommendation documents of the Haute Autorité de la santé. After an initial selection based on keywords, the full text of all articles were read to arrive at the final selection of 32 articles.
RESULTS
Antidepressants and Cognitive Behavioural Therapies (CBT) appear to be the most commonly recommended treatments for PMDD. Other research shows the effectiveness of oral contraceptives including drospirenone. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) were identified as an effective treatment for PMDD. These data are consistent with the current etiological hypothesis of PMDD which has a negative impact of natural hormonal fluctuations on certain neurotransmitters. CBT showed positive results in reducing the functional impact of PMDD.
DISCUSSION
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants were reported to be first-line treatments for PMDD (sertraline 50-150 mg/d, fluoxetine 10-20 mg/d, escitalopram 10-20 mg/d, paroxetine 12.5-25 mg/d). Drospirenone (EE 3 mg and EE 20 mg/d 24 days of hormonal pills, 4 days inactive) appears to have been a first or second line treatment depending on the articles. Current results clearly point to the effectiveness of CBT in helping to reduce: functional impairment, depressed mood, feelings of hopelessness, anxiety, mood swings, sensitivity, irritability, insomnia, conflict with others, impact of premenstrual symptoms on daily life, intensity of symptoms experienced, and symptom handicap. CBTs could also become a first-line treatment if there were to be more evidence of their effectiveness. In the future, it would seem useful to offer a psychotherapeutic treatment that can be reproduced and to multiply research with a high level of scientific comparability in order to clarify the place of CBT in the management of PMDD. Research on the etiopathology of the disorder and the optimal drug regimen is still ongoing. There is a need to develop appropriate psychotherapeutic techniques to support and accompany these patients.
CONCLUSION
In order to better evaluate treatments for PMDD, there is a need to homogenise studies on the subject at several levels: design, treatment doses, psychotherapeutic techniques, and evaluation measures. At present, some studies include both premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and PMDD patients. PMS and PMDD do not include the same symptoms, nor the same severity and potentially the same aetiology in the patients studied. In order to propose rigorous research that evaluates the effectiveness of treatments for PMDD and to properly support people with both these disorders, it seems essential to distinguish the two conditions. The role of the health practitioner is to be able to identify PMDD by differentiating it from other clinically related disorders. The patient must then be accompanied to make a choice of treatment adapted to her symptoms, their severity, her history, her plans for procreation, contraindications and her preferences. In 2021, the French National Authority for Health did not offer any guidelines or recommendations for the management of premenstrual dysphoric disorder. There is a need to develop research in France.
Topics: United States; Female; Humans; Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder; Premenstrual Syndrome; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; Sertraline; Fluoxetine; Antidepressive Agents
PubMed: 37821319
DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2023.08.007 -
Journal of Mid-life Health 2023Menopause is a natural stage in a woman's life marked by the cessation of menstrual periods. Common symptoms include hot flashes, mood swings, and vaginal discomfort,...
Evaluation of Efficacy and Safety of EstroG-100® in Alleviating Menopausal Symptoms in Postmenopausal Women in India: A Prospective, Single-center, Single-arm, Interventional Study.
BACKGROUND
Menopause is a natural stage in a woman's life marked by the cessation of menstrual periods. Common symptoms include hot flashes, mood swings, and vaginal discomfort, among others. These climacteric symptoms lead to a compromised quality of life affecting physical, biological, psychological, and social well-being. There are concerns with long-term clinical use of Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and alternative therapies that are devoid of adverse risks are required. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of EstroG-100®, containing a mixture of standardized extracts of , , and , on menopausal symptoms and its impact on quality of life.
METHODOLOGY
This was a prospective, single-center, single-arm, interventional study. Sixty female subjects, with confirmed menopause and moderate-to-severe symptoms, were enrolled and treated with EstroG-100® twice daily, for 12 weeks. Improvement in the climacteric symptoms was evaluated using the Menopause Rating Scale-11 and Menopause Symptoms Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (MS-TSQ). All the results were evaluated by the SPSS software version 23.0.
RESULTS
A significant improvement was noticed in the somatic, urogenital, and psychological climacteric symptoms from baseline to 6 weeks ( = 0.001) and a highly significant improvement after 12 weeks ( = 0.0001) of treatment. 96.5% of patients were satisfied with the treatment outcome evaluated by the MS-TSQ. No changes in blood pressure and body mass index were reported. No side effects were reported during the study.
CONCLUSION
The first study of EstroG-100® in Indian menopausal women demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in climacteric symptoms. A 12-week treatment proved safe and effective in enhancing postmenopausal women's quality of life. The remedy was well-tolerated and effectively alleviated menopausal symptoms.
PubMed: 38504729
DOI: 10.4103/jmh.jmh_220_23 -
Journal of Autism and Developmental... Nov 2023Research suggests that sensorimotor difficulties in autism could be reduced by providing individuals with explicit contextual information. To test this, we examined...
Research suggests that sensorimotor difficulties in autism could be reduced by providing individuals with explicit contextual information. To test this, we examined autistic visuomotor control during a virtual racquetball task, in which participants hit normal and unexpectedly-bouncy balls using a handheld controller. The probability of facing each type of ball was varied unpredictably over time. However, during cued trials, participants received explicit information about the likelihood of facing each uncertain outcome. When compared to neurotypical controls, autistic individuals displayed poorer task performance, atypical gaze profiles, and more restricted swing kinematics. These visuomotor patterns were not significantly affected by contextual cues, indicating that autistic people exhibit underlying differences in how prior information and environmental uncertainty are dynamically modulated during movement tasks.
Topics: Humans; Adult; Autistic Disorder; Cues; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Uncertainty; Biomechanical Phenomena
PubMed: 36063311
DOI: 10.1007/s10803-022-05718-5 -
Brain, Behavior and Evolution 2024The changes in knee axial rotation play an important role in traumatic and non-traumatic knee disorders. It is known that support afferentation can affect the axial...
INTRODUCTION
The changes in knee axial rotation play an important role in traumatic and non-traumatic knee disorders. It is known that support afferentation can affect the axial rotator muscles. The condition of innervation of the semitendinosus (ST) and biceps femoris posterior (BFp) has changed in non-terrestrial and terrestrial vertebrates in evolution; thus, we hypothesized this situation might be replayed by hindlimb unloading (HU).
METHODS
In the present study, the EMG activity of two hamstring muscles, m. ST and m. BFp, which are antagonists in axial rotation of the tibia, was examined before and after 7 days of HU.
RESULTS
During locomotion and swimming, the ST flexor burst activity increased in the stance-to-swing transition and in the retraction-protraction transition, respectively, while that of BFp remained unchanged. Both ST and BFp non-burst extensor activity increased during stepping and decreased during swimming.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results show that (1) the flexor burst activity of ST and BFp depends differently on the load-dependent sensory input in the step cycle; (2) shift of the activity gradient towards ST in the stance-to-swing transition could produce excessive internal tibia torque, which can be used as an experimental model of non-traumatic musculoskeletal disorders; and (3) the mechanisms of activity of ST and BFp may be based on reciprocal activity of homologous muscles in primary tetrapodomorph and depend on the increased role of supraspinal control.
Topics: Animals; Electromyography; Rats; Male; Hamstring Muscles; Hindlimb Suspension; Locomotion; Swimming; Rats, Wistar; Muscle, Skeletal; Biomechanical Phenomena
PubMed: 38412843
DOI: 10.1159/000537776 -
Frontiers in Research Metrics and... 2023Online platforms allow individuals to connect with others, share experiences, and find communities with similar interests, providing a sense of belonging and reducing...
Online platforms allow individuals to connect with others, share experiences, and find communities with similar interests, providing a sense of belonging and reducing feelings of isolation. Numerous previous studies examined the content of online health communities to gain insights into the sentiments surrounding mental health conditions. However, there is a noticeable gap in the research landscape, as no study has specifically concentrated on conducting an in-depth analysis or providing a comprehensive visualization of Bipolar disorder. Therefore, this study aimed to address this gap by examining the Bipolar subreddit online community, where we collected 1,460,447 posts as plain text documents for analysis. By employing LDA topic modeling and sentiment analysis, we found that the Bipolar disorder online community on Reddit discussed various aspects of the condition, including symptoms, mood swings, diagnosis, and medication. Users shared personal experiences, challenges, and coping strategies, seeking support and connection. Discussions related to therapy and medication were prevalent, emphasizing the importance of finding suitable therapists and managing medication side effects. The online community serves as a platform for seeking help, advice, and information, highlighting the role of social support in managing bipolar disorder. This study enhances our understanding of individuals living with bipolar disorder and provides valuable insights and feedback for researchers developing mental health interventions.
PubMed: 38025958
DOI: 10.3389/frma.2023.1243407 -
BMC Public Health Aug 2023Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic condition characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, intestinal disorders, mood swings, and sleep disturbances. To the...
BACKGROUND
Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic condition characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, intestinal disorders, mood swings, and sleep disturbances. To the best of our knowledge, the questionnaire used for assessing problems and difficulties in the functioning of people with FM has not been translated and adapted in Poland so far. The aim of the study was to assess the psychometric properties of the Polish version of the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ-Pol).
MATERIAL AND METHOD
The study covered 150 people with FM living in Poland. The measurement reliability, internal structure, repeatability, and validity of the Polish version of the FIQ were examined.
RESULTS
The scale score reliability of the entire tool for the research group was very good. The alpha Cronbach's test result for the whole scale was 0.84. The repeatability of the scale measured by the test-retest method using the interclass correlation coefficients (ICC) was very good and amounted to 0.96. Internal structure suggested by FIQ-Pol authors was confirmed (Confirmatory factor analysis). After introducing modification indices for the entire scale, satisfactory parameter values were obtained, i.e.: RMSEA (0.06), CFI (0.97) and TLI (0.96). Theoretical validity was assessed by correlating the results of the Polish version of the FIQ with the results of the Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI). Both the FIQ-Pol total score and its domains showed strong positive correlations with BDI.
CONCLUSION
The Polish FIQ is a reliable and valid tool to measure the functional disability and health status of Polish people with FM.
Topics: Humans; Fibromyalgia; Poland; Psychometrics; Reproducibility of Results; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 37537582
DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16411-2 -
Annals of Plastic Surgery Apr 2024There is no consensus regarding perioperative hormone replacement therapy (HRT) for gender-affirming surgery (GAS). Common concerns for continuing perioperative HRT...
INTRODUCTION
There is no consensus regarding perioperative hormone replacement therapy (HRT) for gender-affirming surgery (GAS). Common concerns for continuing perioperative HRT included risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or hematoma. However, discontinuing HRT is not risk free and may cause mood swing or increased anxiety. Our study aimed to investigate current patterns of HRT before GAS worldwide.
METHODS
The first stage of Delphi technique was implemented by sending a 27-item survey to all surgeons (total n = 150; 94 plastic surgeon, 35 urologist, and 21 gynecologists) of the World Professional Association for Transgender Health who perform GAS. Survey themes included the hormone type, duration, and usage of DVT prophylaxis.
RESULTS
Overall survey response rate was 34% (total n = 51; 8 urologists, 35 plastic surgeons, and 8 gynecologists). The majority of surgeons are US-based (n = 39, 76%). The most common HRTs are in injection form (n = 28, 55%). The majority of surgeons do not stop HRT before GAS and do provide DVT prophylaxis to all patients <1 week after GAS. The most common procedure that surgeons discontinue HRT is feminizing bottom surgery (43%). For surgeons who discontinue HRT before GAS, there is a wide variation on discontinuation schedule.
CONCLUSIONS
There is considerable variation in perioperative HRT patterns for GAS. Further research is needed to develop a data-driven consensus guideline to provide high quality of care for transgender and nonbinary patients.
Topics: Humans; Sex Reassignment Surgery; Surveys and Questionnaires; Transsexualism; Transgender Persons; Hormones
PubMed: 38319916
DOI: 10.1097/SAP.0000000000003820 -
Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety Sep 2023Studies on the detection of COVID-19 vaccine signals in South Korea are insufficient. Therefore, to investigate adverse events (AEs) that might be associated with...
PURPOSE
Studies on the detection of COVID-19 vaccine signals in South Korea are insufficient. Therefore, to investigate adverse events (AEs) that might be associated with COVID-19 vaccines, signals were detected using spontaneous reports from South Korea. We compared the signals with the vaccine insert lists of the regulators in the four countries.
METHODS
Spontaneous reports from 62 sites were collected by the National Medical Center between January 2013 and May 2022. A descriptive analysis of AEs associated with COVID-19 vaccines (Pfizer, Moderna, AstraZeneca, and Janssen) was performed, and the proportional reporting ratio, reporting odds ratio, and information component were calculated. We performed five analyses, with five cases and one control group.
RESULTS
During the study period, 68 355 cases were reported, of which 12 485 were COVID-19 vaccine AEs. Injection site pain (2198 cases, 17.6%), myalgia (1552 cases, 12.4%), headache (1145 cases, 9.2%), pyrexia (1003 cases, 8.0%), and fatigue (735 cases, 5.9%) were frequently reported. When comparing all COVID-19 vaccines with other viral vaccines, 20 signals were detected, of which cachexia, dyspepsia, abdominal discomfort, and mood swings were not listed on the vaccine inserts in all four countries. Overall, 20, 17, 29, and 9 signals were detected in vaccines developed by Pfizer, Moderna, AstraZeneca, and Janssen, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
Based on a disproportionate analysis of COVID-19 vaccine AEs using spontaneous reports from South Korea, different signals were detected for each vaccine manufacturer.
Topics: Humans; Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems; COVID-19; COVID-19 Vaccines; Republic of Korea; Vaccines
PubMed: 37019851
DOI: 10.1002/pds.5629 -
Rivista Di Psichiatria 2023Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe and recurring mental illness associated with a significant personal and social burden. It has been recently hypothesized that increased...
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe and recurring mental illness associated with a significant personal and social burden. It has been recently hypothesized that increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and cortisol, which is also associated with a reduced expression of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), may influence affective recurrences in BD. Our study aims to: 1) assess changes in the levels of peripheral cytokines, BDNF and salivary cortisol during acute and euthymic phases of bipolar disorder, compared to that of a sample oh healthy controls; 2) evaluate whether these changes represent a biosignature for the different phases of the illness.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Patients aged 18-65 years old, with a diagnosis of BD I or II types, will be enrolled during an acute episode, according to DSM-5 criteria, together with age- and gender-matched healthy controls. Blood and salivary samples will be collected at baseline and after 3 and 6 months. Validated assessment instruments will be administered to all participants for the evaluation of symptom severity, global functioning, suicidal risk, stress levels and physical comorbidities.
EXPECTED RESULTS
We expect changes in inflammatory and neuroendocrine indices to be predictive of the onset of an acute phase of bipolar disorder and that overall levels of cytokines, cortisol and BDNF are overall significantly different between BD patients and healthy controls.
CONCLUSIONS
The longitudinal design of the study will allow to assess whether the presence of acute affective symptoms in BD patients correlates with significantly higher levels of cytokines and salivary cortisol and with reduced BDNF levels compared to euthymic phases. Moreover, the comparison with healthy control subjects will allow to understand if inflammatory mediators as well as the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis are chronically elevated in BD patients and are independent from mood swings.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Humans; Middle Aged; Young Adult; Bipolar Disorder; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Cytokines; Hydrocortisone; Personality Disorders; Male; Female; Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic
PubMed: 38032033
DOI: 10.1708/4143.41409