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Pediatrics in Review Nov 2023
Topics: Humans; Mumps
PubMed: 37907416
DOI: 10.1542/pir.2022-005919 -
Vaccine Dec 2023Since 1969, rubella and its harmful effect on fetuses infected in utero can be prevented by rubella vaccine, usually given in combination with measles vaccine. The... (Review)
Review
Since 1969, rubella and its harmful effect on fetuses infected in utero can be prevented by rubella vaccine, usually given in combination with measles vaccine. The rubella vaccine is highly protective both in children and in adults including women intending to become pregnant. Owing to the use of combined measles and rubella vaccines, congenital rubella infection has been eliminated from the Western Hemisphere and nearly all of Europe. Such combined vaccination is now being applied throughout the world, posing the possibility of eventual rubella eradication. The existence of viruses of animals related to rubella does not appear to be a barrier to eradication of the human virus. However, persistent rubella virus in infants infected in utero and of immunosuppressed patients with granulomas may pose a problem for eradication. Nevertheless, this review posits that eradication of rubella is now feasible if routine vaccination of infants and surveillance for chronic infection are correctly applied.
Topics: Child; Infant; Pregnancy; Adult; Humans; Female; Rubella; Rubella Vaccine; Measles; Measles Vaccine; Rubella virus; Vaccination; Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine
PubMed: 37973510
DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.11.014 -
Vaccines Oct 2023The association between vaccines and ocular disorders has attracted significant attention in scientific research. Numerous mainstream vaccines are associated with a... (Review)
Review
The association between vaccines and ocular disorders has attracted significant attention in scientific research. Numerous mainstream vaccines are associated with a range of uveitis types, including anterior, intermediate, and posterior uveitis. Additionally, they are associated with distinct ocular diseases such as multifocal choroiditis, Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease, acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy (APMPPE), and multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS). These ocular conditions are often transient, with a vast majority of patients experiencing improvement after steroid intervention. To date, numerous cases of vaccine-induced uveitis have been reported. This study analyzed the correlation between antiviral vaccines, including the hepatitis B virus (HBV), human papillomavirus (HPV), measles-mumps-rubella (MMR), varicella zoster virus (VZV), and influenza vaccines, and different manifestations of uveitis. This is the first comprehensive study to offer a detailed analysis of uveitis types induced by antiviral vaccines. Through an extensive database search, we found a particularly strong link between influenza vaccines, followed by VZV and HPV vaccines. While anterior uveitis is common, conditions such as APMPPE, MEWDS, and VKH are particularly notable and merit careful consideration in clinical practice. Corticosteroid treatment was effective; however, half of the observed patients did not achieve full recovery, indicating potentially prolonged effects of the vaccine.
PubMed: 37897028
DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11101626