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Journal of Water and Health Nov 2023Dengue virus is an arthropod-borne virus, transmitted by Aedes aegypti among humans. In this review, we discussed the epidemiology of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) as... (Review)
Review
Dengue virus is an arthropod-borne virus, transmitted by Aedes aegypti among humans. In this review, we discussed the epidemiology of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) as well as the disease's natural history, cycles of transmission, clinical diagnosis, aetiology, prevention, therapy, and management. A systematic literature search was done by databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar using search terms, 'dengue fever', 'symptoms and causes of dengue fever', 'dengue virus transmission', and 'strategies to control dengue'. We reviewed relevant literature to identify hazards related to DHF and the most recent recommendations for its management and prevention. Clinical signs and symptoms of dengue infection range from mild dengue fever (DF) to potentially lethal conditions like DHF or dengue shock syndrome (DSS). Acute-onset high fever, muscle and joint pain, myalgia, a rash on the skin, hemorrhagic episodes, and circulatory shock are among the most common symptoms. An early diagnosis is vital to lower mortality. As dengue virus infections are self-limiting, but in tropical and subtropical areas, dengue infection has become a public health concern. Hence, developing and executing long-term control policies that can reduce the global burden of DHF is a major issue for public health specialists everywhere.
Topics: Humans; Severe Dengue; Dengue; Dengue Virus; Disease Outbreaks; Public Health
PubMed: 38017595
DOI: 10.2166/wh.2023.114 -
International Journal of Molecular... Jan 2024Post-viral fatigue syndrome (PVFS) encompasses a wide range of complex neuroimmune disorders of unknown causes characterised by disabling post-exertional fatigue,... (Review)
Review
Post-viral fatigue syndrome (PVFS) encompasses a wide range of complex neuroimmune disorders of unknown causes characterised by disabling post-exertional fatigue, myalgia and joint pain, cognitive impairments, unrefreshing sleep, autonomic dysfunction, and neuropsychiatric symptoms. It includes myalgic encephalomyelitis, also known as chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS); fibromyalgia (FM); and more recently post-COVID-19 condition (long COVID). To date, there are no definitive clinical case criteria and no FDA-approved pharmacological therapies for PVFS. Given the current lack of effective treatments, there is a need to develop novel therapeutic strategies for these disorders. Mitochondria, the cellular organelles responsible for tissue energy production, have recently garnered attention in research into PVFS due to their crucial role in cellular bioenergetic metabolism in these conditions. The accumulating literature has identified a link between mitochondrial dysfunction and low-grade systemic inflammation in ME/CFS, FM, and long COVID. To address this issue, this article aims to critically review the evidence relating to mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of these disorders; in particular, it aims to evaluate the effectiveness of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on chronic fatigue and pain symptoms as a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of PVFS.
Topics: Humans; Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic; Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome; Fibromyalgia; Myalgia; Mitochondrial Diseases; Dietary Supplements; Ubiquinone
PubMed: 38203745
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010574 -
Muscle & Nerve Oct 2023Neuromuscular symptoms may develop or persist after resolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Besides residual sensorimotor... (Review)
Review
Neuromuscular symptoms may develop or persist after resolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Besides residual sensorimotor symptoms associated with acute neuromuscular complications of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), such as Guillain-Barré syndrome, critical illness neuromyopathy, and rhabdomyolysis, patients may report persistent autonomic symptoms, sensory symptoms, and muscle symptoms in the absence of these acute complications, including palpitations, orthostatic dizziness and intolerance, paresthesia, myalgia, and fatigue. These symptoms may be associated with long COVID, also known as post-COVID-19 conditions or postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection, which may significantly impact quality of life. Managing these symptoms represents a challenge for health-care providers. Recent advances have identified small-fiber neuropathy as a potential etiology that may underlie autonomic dysfunction and paresthesia in some long COVID patients. The pathogenic mechanisms underlying myalgia and fatigue remain elusive and need to be investigated. Herein we review the current state of knowledge regarding the evaluation and management of patients with persistent post-COVID-19 neuromuscular symptoms.
Topics: Humans; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome; Myalgia; Paresthesia; Quality of Life; Fatigue; Primary Dysautonomias
PubMed: 37466117
DOI: 10.1002/mus.27940