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Research in Veterinary Science Jul 2024Myxosarcoma is a rare malignant mesenchymal neoplasm of soft tissues originating from fibroblasts. This report describes a case of bilateral myxosarcoma in a...
Myxosarcoma is a rare malignant mesenchymal neoplasm of soft tissues originating from fibroblasts. This report describes a case of bilateral myxosarcoma in a three-year-old cryptorchid dog. The animal was referred to the veterinary clinic because of the absence of testicles in the scrotum. Ultrasonography revealed two masses in the abdominal cavity with testicular echotexture. Exploratory laparotomy revealed the presence of cryptorchid testicles, and orchiectomy was recommended to treat the animal. Testicles were gray and reddish in color and enlarged with firm consistency. For histopathological analysis, testis fragments were fixed in 10% formalin and stained with hematoxylin and eosin and Alcian blue. Immunohistochemistry was performed using the following primary antibodies:1A4, HHF35, desmin, glial fibrillary acidic protein, CD31, S-100, vimentin, and Ki-67. Histopathological evaluation revealed the proliferation of fusiform and round cells associated with extensive areas of myxoid matrix. Neoplasms featured multinucleated giant cells, pleomorphism, karyomegaly, nuclear hyperchromasia, anisokaryosis, mitoses, and necrosis, with coarse chromatin and prominent nucleoli. Immunohistochemical analysis of vimentin- and the Alcian blue-positive cells confirmed the diagnosis of myxosarcoma. A high mitotic count and Ki-67 proliferative index suggests this myxosarcoma had a high degree of malignancy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of bilateral testicular myxosarcoma in a cryptorchid animal.
Topics: Male; Animals; Dogs; Dog Diseases; Testicular Neoplasms; Myxosarcoma; Cryptorchidism; Orchiectomy; Immunohistochemistry
PubMed: 38788298
DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105308 -
Animals : An Open Access Journal From... May 2024Neoplasia has been reported in lizards, but more research is needed to accurately document the prevalence and prognosis of the various known neoplasms that affect...
Neoplasia has been reported in lizards, but more research is needed to accurately document the prevalence and prognosis of the various known neoplasms that affect lizards. This study reviewed medical records from an online database, the Exotic Species Cancer Research Alliance (ESCRA), and reviewed published literature to determine the prevalence of neoplasia, malignancy, metastasis, treatment strategies, and outcomes by species and sex. Records from 55 individual lizards, 20 different species, and 37 different tumors were identified. In the literature, 219 lizards, 59 species, and 86 unique tumors were identified from 72 published case reports. Potential signalment factors such as age, sex, and species were evaluated to see if they affected case outcome. Additional factors including neoplasia type, presence of metastasis, and types of pursued treatments were also evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed to determine whether a factor was significantly associated with animal death due to the identified neoplasia or with animal survival or death due to other causes (non-neoplastic outcomes). Komodo dragons and savannah monitors were more likely to die from neoplasia compared to other lizard species. Cases where the status of metastasis was unknown were significantly associated with death due to neoplasia. Having an unknown status of male versus female was significantly associated with non-neoplastic outcomes of death. Leukemia and islet cell carcinoma were significantly associated with death due to neoplastic causes. Chondrosarcoma, myxosarcoma, osteosarcoma, and squamous cell carcinoma were significantly associated with non-neoplastic outcomes of death. Surgery alone and radiation therapy alone each were significantly associated with non-neoplastic outcomes of death, while lizards not receiving treatment were significantly associated with death due to neoplasia. Benign neoplasia was significantly associated with non-neoplastic outcomes of death. These results will aid in the improved diagnosis and management of neoplasia in lizard species, as well as expanding our understanding of prognostic indicators of neoplasia in lizards.
PubMed: 38791614
DOI: 10.3390/ani14101395 -
Veterinary Clinical Pathology Mar 2024A 25-year-old mixed-breed equine with separate nodular cutaneous lesions in the right thoracic limb (RTL) and right ventral abdominal region was admitted to a Veterinary...
A 25-year-old mixed-breed equine with separate nodular cutaneous lesions in the right thoracic limb (RTL) and right ventral abdominal region was admitted to a Veterinary Hospital in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. Fine-needle aspiration cytology was performed on the RTL lesion and superficial cervical lymph node, and the results were suggestive of a malignant neoplasm known as myxosarcoma. Due to the unfavorable prognosis, the animal was euthanized. Based on the macroscopic and microscopic findings, the diagnosis of metastatic cutaneous myxosarcoma was confirmed. Although rare, this tumor should be considered as a differential diagnosis for cutaneous neoplasms in this species.
Topics: Horses; Animals; Myxosarcoma; Skin Neoplasms; Biopsy, Fine-Needle; Prognosis; Horse Diseases
PubMed: 38433106
DOI: 10.1111/vcp.13329 -
Veterinary Research Communications Jun 2024A 12-year-old, 3 kg spayed female mixed-breed dog was evaluated to assess a 1-year history of intermittent right forelimb lameness that did not have adequate response...
A 12-year-old, 3 kg spayed female mixed-breed dog was evaluated to assess a 1-year history of intermittent right forelimb lameness that did not have adequate response to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The radiographic study performed under sedation showed multifocal radiolucent areas affecting both the right humerus and scapula with focal soft tissue swelling; a CT scan confirmed the existence of an aggressive and invasive soft tissue mass affecting the scapulohumeral joint. Fine needle aspiration results suggested a low-grade synovial sarcoma and therefore a scapulectomy was performed. The biopsy showed spindle to stellated cells immersed in a basophilic and mucinous (myxoid) matrix with mild to moderate anisocytosis, moderate anisokaryosis, some binucleated cells and sporadic multinucleated cells. These findings are consistent with low-grade synovial myxosarcoma, a not well described synovial neoplasm that can mimic other commonly seen joint tumors or even septic arthritis on radiographs. The purpose of this case report is to describe the first reported synovial myxosarcoma affecting the scapulohumeral joint of a small dog.
PubMed: 38833194
DOI: 10.1007/s11259-024-10430-z -
Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic... Jun 2024Synovial myxoma, a rare joint tumor in dogs, has traditionally been considered benign, acknowledging that local invasion into regional tissues including bone may be...
Synovial myxoma, a rare joint tumor in dogs, has traditionally been considered benign, acknowledging that local invasion into regional tissues including bone may be present. Given the diagnostic challenges in distinguishing synovial myxoma from other joint lesions through clinical features and diagnostic imaging, definitive diagnosis relies on characteristic gross and histologic features. Within the inner surface of the joint capsule, synovial myxomas form nodules of stellate-to-spindle cells within abundant myxomatous matrix. We present here 2 cases of synovial myxoma with metastasis to regional lymph nodes and compare these 2 cases to 3 cases without evidence of lymph node metastasis. Aside from lymphovascular invasion in one case with metastasis, there were no overt histologic features of the primary tumor to suggest aggressive biologic behavior. The finding of lymph node metastasis warrants reconsideration of the term "synovial myxoma" for this neoplasm. We suggest the term "synovial myxosarcoma," considering that histologic features of the primary tumor do not predict biologic behavior. Our case series highlights the importance of lymph node sampling in suspected synovial myxosarcoma cases as well as thorough histologic examination, emphasizing careful evaluation for lymphovascular invasion.
PubMed: 38828841
DOI: 10.1177/10406387241257254 -
Rare case of primary intra-cardiac myxosarcoma with left ventricular outflow and inflow obstruction.Journal of Echocardiography Dec 2023
PubMed: 38133790
DOI: 10.1007/s12574-023-00631-x -
Journal of Comparative Pathology Nov 2023This report documents the pathological features of primary cardiac myxoid tumour (MT) in 11 dogs. Macroscopically, all the tumours were located in the tricuspid valve... (Review)
Review
This report documents the pathological features of primary cardiac myxoid tumour (MT) in 11 dogs. Macroscopically, all the tumours were located in the tricuspid valve (TV), its septal leaflet being predominantly affected. Therefore, it appears that the TV is the most common site of occurrence for cardiac MT in dogs. Two gross anatomical types of canine valvular MT were evident. Seven of the 11 tumours were round or oval with a smooth or gently lobulated and glistening surface, while the other four were gelatinous, multilobulated and polypoid, with an irregular surface. Microscopically, in nine cases the tumours had an abundant myxoid matrix within which elongated spindle-shaped cells with no remarkable cytological atypia were sparsely embedded, suggesting a benign character (ie, myxoma). In the other two cases the tumours consisted of variably dense, haphazardly arranged, interlacing streams of anaplastic spindle-shaped or polygonal cells containing many mitotic figures, indicative of a malignant form of myxoma (ie, myxosarcoma). Isolated or clustered collections of myxoma cells (eg, cords, rings, syncytia) characteristic of human atrial myxoma were only rarely evident or lacking in all 11 cases, indicating that rarity or absence of such structural features may be specific to valvular MTs. Immunohistochemical findings were indicative of smooth muscle differentiation of the neoplastic cells. Tumour embolization to the intrapulmonary arteries and/or tumour implantation on the endocardium of the right heart chambers was evident only in the four cases of irregular-surfaced MT.
Topics: Humans; Dogs; Animals; Heart Neoplasms; Myxoma; Endocardium; Myxosarcoma; Dog Diseases
PubMed: 37944473
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2023.10.004 -
The Canadian Veterinary Journal = La... Mar 2024A 13-year-old spayed female rottweiler crossbreed dog was presented with an 8-day history of abnormal gait and collapse associated with excitement or physical activity....
A 13-year-old spayed female rottweiler crossbreed dog was presented with an 8-day history of abnormal gait and collapse associated with excitement or physical activity. A cardiac gallop was noticed on thoracic auscultation, and a 1st-degree atrioventricular block and sinus tachycardia were noted on an electrocardiogram. Echocardiography identified a hypoechoic, irregularly marginated luminal mass in the right ventricle at the level of the pulmonic valves. Postmortem gross examination confirmed the presence of a soft, polypoid, and botryoid mass (9 × 3 × 3 cm) with a smooth and glistening surface attached to the endocardium of the right ventricular outflow tract and extending to the pulmonary artery. The histological findings were consistent with the diagnosis of myxosarcoma with pulmonary embolism. In addition, the dog in this report had a right atrial hemangiosarcoma and a cutaneous hemangioma unrelated to her clinical findings. Key clinical message: Cardiac myxosarcomas are very rare neoplasms in dogs and concomitant primary heart tumors of different histogenesis are even rarer in dogs. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of coexistent myxosarcoma and hemangiosarcoma in the heart of a dog. Cardiac myxosarcomas should be considered in the differential diagnosis of intracavitary heart masses associated with signs of cardiac obstruction and failure.
Topics: Female; Dogs; Animals; Heart Ventricles; Myxosarcoma; Hemangiosarcoma; Heart Atria; Pulmonary Embolism; Dog Diseases
PubMed: 38434164
DOI: No ID Found -
Skeletal Radiology Feb 2024Sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma (SEF) occurring as a primary bone tumor is exceptionally uncommon. Even more rare are cases of SEF that show morphologic overlap with...
Sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma (SEF) occurring as a primary bone tumor is exceptionally uncommon. Even more rare are cases of SEF that show morphologic overlap with low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma (LGFMS). Such hybrid lesions arising within the bone have only rarely been reported in the literature. Due to their variegated histomorphology and non-specific radiologic features, these tumors may pose diagnostic difficulties. Herein we describe three molecularly confirmed primary bone cases of sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma that demonstrated prominent areas showing the features of LGFMS and with areas resembling so-called hyalinizing spindle cell tumor with giant rosettes (HSCTGR). Two patients were female and one was male aged 26, 47, and 16, respectively. The tumors occurred in the femoral head, clavicle, and temporal bone. Imaging studies demonstrated relatively well-circumscribed radiolucent bone lesions with enhancement on MRI. Cortical breakthrough and soft tissue extension were present in one case. Histologically the tumors all demonstrated hyalinized areas with SEF-like morphology as well as spindled and myxoid areas with LGFMS-like morphology. Two cases demonstrated focal areas with rosette-like architecture as seen in HSCTGR. The tumors were all positive for MUC4 by immunohistochemistry and cytogenetics, fluorescence in-situ hybridization, and next-generation sequencing studies identified EWSR1 gene rearrangements confirming the diagnosis in all three cases.Hybrid SEF is exceedingly rare as a primary bone tumor and can be difficult to distinguish from other low-grade spindled and epithelioid lesions of bone. MUC4 positivity and identification of underlying EWSR1 gene rearrangements help support this diagnosis and exclude other tumor types.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Biomarkers, Tumor; Fibrosarcoma; Myxosarcoma; Immunohistochemistry; Bone Neoplasms; Soft Tissue Neoplasms
PubMed: 37524934
DOI: 10.1007/s00256-023-04412-6 -
Portuguese Journal of Cardiac Thoracic... Oct 2023The need for complete resection of chest wall tumors creates a huge challenge in terms of reconstructing the complex dynamics of the thorax. We are reporting a case of a...
The need for complete resection of chest wall tumors creates a huge challenge in terms of reconstructing the complex dynamics of the thorax. We are reporting a case of a low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma (LGFMS) diagnosed in a young male, where the complete resection of the mass, sternum and parcially the pericardium was performed. Subsequently, a composite porous high-density polyethylene StarPore® prosthesis of the sternum and costal arches was used and the latissimus dorsi muscle free flap with skin graft was implanted over the sternum.
Topics: Male; Humans; Thoracic Wall; Fibrosarcoma; Surgical Flaps; Myxosarcoma; Artificial Limbs; Printing, Three-Dimensional
PubMed: 38499031
DOI: 10.48729/pjctvs.346