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Muscle & Nerve May 2024Occupational nerve injuries span a broad array of pathologies and contribute toward functional limitation, disability, and economic impact. Early and accurate... (Review)
Review
Occupational nerve injuries span a broad array of pathologies and contribute toward functional limitation, disability, and economic impact. Early and accurate recognition, treatment, and management of workplace factors rely on a thorough understanding of the anatomic and biomechanical factors that drive nerve injury. This review explores the interplay between anatomy, biomechanics, and nerve pathology common to occupational nerve injury and provides the treating physician with a rational, evidence-based approach to diagnosis and to occupational aspects of management. Assessment of potential occupational nerve injury begins with a detailed understanding of the employee's work duties through a biomechanical lens. One must consider likelihood of occupational causation while accounting for predisposing conditions or preexisting symptoms. Beyond overt crush injury or laceration, potential mechanisms of nerve injury, with effects compounded over time, include compression, stretch, vibration, and repetitive or high-force movements of regional muscles and joints. Injury often occurs at nerve locations that experience higher pressures, changes in pressure over time, or abrupt changes in trajectory, often near a tethered point. This understanding, coupled with condition-specific knowledge presented in this review, equips managing physicians to diagnose occupational nerve injury and enhance treatment recommendations with rational activity modifications or equipment that can protect the nerve or decrease likelihood of continued injury. Long-term management often involves follow-up to assess effectiveness of interventions in the setting of the work environment, with gradual progression of the worker toward return to unrestricted duty or to a point of maximal medical improvement.
PubMed: 38717246
DOI: 10.1002/mus.28099 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine Aug 2023Occupational medicine is a clinical discipline that draws attention to the health of workers and their ability to work [...].
Occupational medicine is a clinical discipline that draws attention to the health of workers and their ability to work [...].
PubMed: 37629340
DOI: 10.3390/jcm12165298 -
Journal of UOEH 2024The population of people in Japan over 65 years old is expected to exceed 30% by 2025. As the society ages, there are not only healthy workers and employers, but also an...
The population of people in Japan over 65 years old is expected to exceed 30% by 2025. As the society ages, there are not only healthy workers and employers, but also an increasing number of diseased or injured workers. Falls, the most common occupational hazard, increase in incidence with age. The management of osteoporosis and prevention of bone fractures from falls are emerging in elderly female workers, to reduce the loss of work productivity. Rheumatoid arthritis is a representative musculoskeletal disease that causes functional decline because of joint damage mainly in working women, but appropriate treatment improves disease activity and work productivity in workers with rheumatoid arthritis. It is also important not only to digitize subjective information by converting it into digital form (digitization), but also to digitalize the physiological information related to health, labor and disease (digitalization). In the future, artificial intelligence (AI) will be able to analyze vast amounts of physiological information (big data) obtained from workers and patients via the Internet of things (IoT), which will improve the information value linked to health promotion and optimal treatment practices, and contribute to the Digital transformation (DX).
Topics: Humans; Female; Aged; Occupational Medicine; Artificial Intelligence; Health Promotion; Efficiency; Arthritis, Rheumatoid
PubMed: 38479878
DOI: 10.7888/juoeh.46.79 -
International Archives of... Apr 2024
PubMed: 38618603
DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1782198 -
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical... Feb 2024
Topics: Humans; Asthma; Occupational Diseases; Occupational Exposure
PubMed: 38336395
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2023.11.042 -
La Tunisie Medicale Mar 2024Several clinical and epidemiological data point to a possible link between smoking exposure and contact dermatitis (CD).
INTRODUCTION
Several clinical and epidemiological data point to a possible link between smoking exposure and contact dermatitis (CD).
AIMS
To identify the clinical and epidemiological differences of CD in smoking and non-smoking subjects, and to determine the influence of smoking on the allergological profile of CD.
METHODS
Retrospective descriptive study who consulted the Department of Occupational Medicine and Occupational Pathology of the Farhat Hached University Hospital of Sousse (Tunisia) during a period of 8 years for exploration of CD and who were tested with the European Standard Battery (ESB).
RESULTS
A total of 767 patients were enrolled during the study period, 40% of whom were smokers. The group of smokers was characterized by a male predominance (p=10-3) and a greater professional seniority compared to non-smokers (p=0.01). Personal history of atopy was predominant in non-smokers (p=0.02). Among the ESB allergens, there was a significant association between smoking and CD due to metals (chromium, cobalt) and conservatives. After binary logistic regression, the variables associated with smoking exposure were male gender (OR=12.12 ; 95% CI=[6.07 - 24.21]; p=10-3), Kathon CG allergy (OR=3.69 ; 95% CI=[1.24 - 10.81]; p=0.018), and right hand involvement (OR= 2.83; 95% CI=[1.29 - 6.17]; p=0.005).
CONCLUSION
Our study revealed an effect of smoking on the clinical and allergological characteristics of CD.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact; Retrospective Studies; Smoking; Allergens; Occupations
PubMed: 38545712
DOI: 10.62438/tunismed.v102i3.4226 -
Cell Death & Disease Jul 2023Lung metastasis is the leading cause of breast cancer-related death. The tumor microenvironment contributes to the metastatic colonization of tumor cells in the lungs....
Lung metastasis is the leading cause of breast cancer-related death. The tumor microenvironment contributes to the metastatic colonization of tumor cells in the lungs. Tumor secretory factors are important mediators for the adaptation of cancer cells to foreign microenvironments. Here, we report that tumor-secreted stanniocalcin 1 (STC1) promotes the pulmonary metastasis of breast cancer by enhancing the invasiveness of tumor cells and promoting angiogenesis and lung fibroblast activation in the metastatic microenvironment. The results show that STC1 modifies the metastatic microenvironment through its autocrine action on breast cancer cells. Specifically, STC1 upregulates the expression of S100 calcium-binding protein A4 (S100A4) by facilitating the phosphorylation of EGFR and ERK signaling in breast cancer cells. S100A4 mediates the effect of STC1 on angiogenesis and lung fibroblasts. Importantly, S100A4 knockdown diminishes STC1-induced lung metastasis of breast cancer. Moreover, activated JNK signaling upregulates STC1 expression in breast cancer cells with lung-tropism. Overall, our findings reveal that STC1 plays important role in breast cancer lung metastasis.
Topics: Humans; Female; Breast Neoplasms; Glycoproteins; Lung Neoplasms; S100 Calcium-Binding Protein A4; ErbB Receptors; Cell Line, Tumor; Neoplasm Metastasis; Tumor Microenvironment
PubMed: 37400459
DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05911-z -
Annals of Work Exposures and Health Sep 2023This commentary describes developments in occupational exposure science over the last 30 yr, highlighting theoretical descriptions of inhalation, dermal, inadvertent...
This commentary describes developments in occupational exposure science over the last 30 yr, highlighting theoretical descriptions of inhalation, dermal, inadvertent ingestion, and ocular exposure in the workplace and how they are intertwined. In particular, the way that we define "exposure" in the theory determines what is and is not measured in workplace investigations, and what contextual information about the work and the environment is recorded alongside the exposure measurements. Central to all the theoretical models described is the unifying concept of uptake, or the mass of hazardous substance entering the body by different routes over a workday. Measurement of uptake is currently practicable for inhalation exposure, although further methodological developments are needed to allow uptake measurement for the other relevant exposure routes. Little attempt has been made to date to try to integrate worker behaviour into exposure assessment, despite this clearly being an important determinant of exposure. It is argued that adopting a new exposure paradigm, centred on uptake, would bring many advantages and provide new insights into workplace exposures.
Topics: Humans; Occupational Exposure; Hazardous Substances; Workplace; Face; Inhalation Exposure
PubMed: 37669007
DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxad052