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Cureus Jul 2023Globally, injuries are a major public health concern. An injury is a physical damage that results when the human body is suddenly or briefly subjected to intolerable...
BACKGROUND
Globally, injuries are a major public health concern. An injury is a physical damage that results when the human body is suddenly or briefly subjected to intolerable levels of energy.
OBJECTIVES
The objectives of this study are to describe the nature and mechanism of injuries and their association with age and gender and to assess the health-seeking behavior and cost incurred due to mortality and morbidity related to injuries.
METHODS AND MATERIALS
A cross-sectional study focused on the community was conducted in 10 chosen wards of Raipur City. The sample size was 310 injured individuals. The recall period was for a full year. Information was gathered by using a questionnaire that had been pretested. The results were given as percentages, and the association was determined using the chi-square test and Fischer's exact test.
RESULTS
The majority (30.1%) of the study subjects suffered from cut/bite/open wound injuries, followed by fractures (17.3%). The leading type of injury was caused by falls (38.8%) and road traffic injuries (34.9%), followed by burns (7.1%) and dog bites (5.4%). Ninety percent of the study subjects had taken medical care. Half of them (51.3%) visited a private hospital, and 23.1% did not visit any hospital for treatment. Fifty percent of the study subjects or their family had expenses less than Indian National Rupee (INR) 500. A significant association was found between age and fracture and the sprain type of injury. The burn type of injury was more among females, which is significantly associated. A significant association was found between age and injury caused by a dog bite, fall, and traffic. The association between gender and injury caused by traffic, burn, and fall was significant.
CONCLUSIONS
Focusing on reducing injury-related morbidity may be crucial in injury prevention techniques including behavioral changes, health education, and the urgent need for the proper implementation and oversight of a road safety act.
PubMed: 37581137
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.41868 -
Dentistry Journal Jan 2024The purpose of this study was to evaluate short- and long-term changes in growing patients with Class II malocclusion and open bite after rapid maxillary expansion...
The purpose of this study was to evaluate short- and long-term changes in growing patients with Class II malocclusion and open bite after rapid maxillary expansion (RME). A retrospective cohort study was conducted with 16 growing patients with open-bite malocclusion enrolled in a group treated with a rapid maxillary expander (RME) with a crib (TG), and 16 untreated patients with similar malocclusion in the control group (CG). Cephalograms were recorded before starting the treatment (T0), at the end of the latency phase (T1), and before the fixed therapy (T2) in order to analyze skeletal and dental changes in vertical, transversal, and sagittal relationships. Statistical analysis was performed with α = 0.05 as level of significance. At the end of the active expansion (T1), all subjects in the TG showed a corrected overbite with a statistically significant difference compared to the CG ( > 0.05). A significant decrease in jaw divergence was found in the TG compared to the CG ( < 0.05). At T2, all treated patients maintained a correct overbite. Statistical analysis revealed a significant decrease in maxillary, mandibular, and intermaxillary divergence in the TG compared to the CG ( < 0.05). This protocol could be effective in growing open-bite patients, showing a long-term decrease in facial divergence. The fixed crib allowed to normalize myofunctional activity.
PubMed: 38392226
DOI: 10.3390/dj12020022 -
Cureus May 2024The tongue supports the upper dental arch and encourages healthy dental arch development when it rests against the roof of the mouth. On the other hand, over time,... (Review)
Review
The tongue supports the upper dental arch and encourages healthy dental arch development when it rests against the roof of the mouth. On the other hand, over time, malocclusion can result from incorrect tongue position, such as lying low in the mouth or thrusting forward during swallowing or speaking. As a muscular organ, the tongue applies forces to the jaws and teeth that may help with malocclusion or hinder it from aligning properly. The dentition and jaws grow and align according to the way the tongue, teeth, and surrounding structures interact. The tongue's morphogenetic function includes forming the arches and having an important impact on the maxillary complex's development. The tongue frequently assumes a balancing and compensatory function in subsequent phases, functioning more or less like a natural orthodontic bite. In adults, the tongue is able to compensate for problems like open bites, teeth that are out of alignment, or differences in the occlusal and sagittal planes of the spine. In this context, the tongue's ability to sustain occlusion during malocclusion can be considered a compensatory response. This is comparable to how lingual dysfunction may contribute to malocclusion or act as a potential source of recurring orthodontic instability. In order to diagnose and treat orthodontic issues, dental professionals must know the connection between tongue position and dental malocclusion. Malocclusion can be prevented or minimized with early intervention, such as myofunctional therapy to correct tongue position and habits, improving dental health and well-being overall.
PubMed: 38947580
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.61281 -
Journal of the World Federation of... Feb 2024This case report describes successful orthodontic retreatment for vertical control with nonextraction orthodontic therapy. A 31-year-old woman complained of anterior...
This case report describes successful orthodontic retreatment for vertical control with nonextraction orthodontic therapy. A 31-year-old woman complained of anterior open bite and crowding. She had slightly protrusive lips but wanted to correct her malocclusion without extraction. Two palatal temporary skeletal anchorage devices were used for the distalization of the maxillary arch along with posterior intrusion. Mandibular distalization was performed with Class III elastics. The duration of active treatment was 22 months. The plain and efficient mechanics used contributed to the effective distalization of both arches, the intrusion of the maxillary posterior teeth, and favorable profile changes. The results were still stable at the five-year follow-up period.
Topics: Humans; Female; Adult; Open Bite; Mandible; Tooth Movement Techniques; Dental Care; Molar
PubMed: 38151392
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejwf.2023.12.003 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine May 2024Anterior open bite (AOB) is characterized by the absence of occlusal contact between the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth, while the posterior teeth are in...
Anterior open bite (AOB) is characterized by the absence of occlusal contact between the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth, while the posterior teeth are in contact when occluded. Here, we aimed to clarify the difference in maxillary alveolar bone morphology in adult patients with and without AOB. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 50 adults aged 18-39 years: 25 patients without AOB (control group; 13 males and 12 females; age: mean ± standard deviation [SD], 22.2 ± 4.5 years) and 25 patients with AOB (9 males and 16 females; age: 24.2 ± 6.4 years). Using cone-beam computed tomography images, the height of the maxillary alveolar bone crest in the anterior and posterior teeth and thickness of the alveolar cortical bone on the labial and palatal sides were measured and compared between the two groups. An independent -test and Pearson's correlation analysis were used to examine statistical significance ( < 0.05). The AOB group showed a significantly longer ( = 0.016) posterior alveolar crest and thinner cortical bone on the buccal ( < 0.001) and lingual ( = 0.009) sides of the anterior region and the buccal ( = 0.006) sides of the posterior region than the control group did. Moreover, a significant negative correlation ( = 0.046; r = -0.403) was observed between bite force and cortical bone thickness on the buccal side of the posterior region in the AOB group. It is suggested that the absence of occlusal contact in the anterior area influences the alveolar bone morphology of the maxilla.
PubMed: 38892772
DOI: 10.3390/jcm13113061 -
International Orthodontics Mar 2024Mesiodistal angulation of premolars and molars can be altered by forces of open bite malocclusion. The aim of this study was to compare the mesiodistal angulations of...
INTRODUCTION
Mesiodistal angulation of premolars and molars can be altered by forces of open bite malocclusion. The aim of this study was to compare the mesiodistal angulations of the posterior teeth in class I, II, and III individuals with anterior open bite (AOB) versus individuals with harmonious occlusion.
METHODS
This comparative cross-sectional study used 299 lateral head radiographs of individuals with permanent dentition. There were 4 groups (harmonious occlusion [n=89], Class I open bite [OB] [n=75], Class II OB [n=66], and Class III OB [n=69]). Premolar (1UPM, 2UPM) and molar (1UM, 2UM) angulations were measured relative to the occlusal plane and the palatal or mandibular plane by a trained and calibrated evaluator. ANOVA and Scheffe tests were used for statistical analyses (P<0.05).
RESULTS
The mesial angulation of the upper premolars showed greater angulation of between approximately 2° and 5° in the OB groups compared to the harmonious occlusion group (P<0.05). Only in the Class II OB group did the first and second upper molars show distal angulation in relation to the palatal plane (1UM 81.85°±5.42°; 2UM 75.32±7.4°) (P<0.05). The Class III OB group presented the greatest distal angulations of the lower premolars and molars (between 3° to 5° of difference, P<0.05) in relation to those of the harmonious occlusion group.
CONCLUSIONS
The upper first premolars in all the AOB groups and the lower second premolars in the Class II OB group had greater mesioangulation. Additionally, the upper molars of the Class II OB group and the lower molars of the Class III OB group showed distoangulation compared with the molars in the group with harmonious occlusion.
Topics: Humans; Open Bite; Bicuspid; Retrospective Studies; Cross-Sectional Studies; Malocclusion; Molar
PubMed: 38070371
DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2023.100834 -
Clinical & Translational Oncology :... Feb 2024To guarantee treatment reproducibility and stability, immobilization devices are essential. Additionally, surface-guided radiation therapy (SGRT) serves as an accurate...
INTRODUCTION
To guarantee treatment reproducibility and stability, immobilization devices are essential. Additionally, surface-guided radiation therapy (SGRT) serves as an accurate complement to frameless stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) by aiding patient positioning and real-time monitoring, especially when non-coplanar fields are in use. At our institute, we have developed a surface-guided SRS (SG-SRS) workflow that incorporates our innovative open-face mask (OM) and mouth bite (MB) to guarantee a precise and accurate dose delivery.
METHODS
This study included 40 patients, and all patients were divided into closed mask (CM) and open-face mask (OM) groups according to different positioning flow. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were performed, and the registration results were recorded before and after the treatment. Then Bland-Altman method was used to analyze the consistency of AlignRT-guided positioning errors and CBCT scanning results in the OM group. The error changes between 31 fractions in one patient were recorded to evaluate the feasibility of monitoring during treatment.
RESULTS
The median of translation error between stages of the AlignRT positioning process was (0.03-0.07) cm, and the median of rotation error was (0.20-0.40)°, which were significantly better than those of the Fraxion positioning process (0.09-0.11) cm and (0.60-0.75)°. The mean bias values between the AlignRT guided positioning errors and CBCT were 0.01 cm, - 0.07 cm, 0.03 cm, - 0.30°, - 0.08° and 0.00°. The 31 inter-fractional errors of a single patient monitored by SGRT were within 0.10 cm and 0.50°.
CONCLUSIONS
The application of the SGRT with an innovative open-face mask and mouth bite device could achieve precision positioning accuracy and stability, and the accuracy of the AlignRT system exhibits excellent constancy with the CBCT gold standard. The non-coplanar radiation field monitoring can provide reliable support for motion management in fractional treatment.
Topics: Humans; Radiosurgery; Patient Positioning; Brain Neoplasms; Reproducibility of Results; Masks; Radiotherapy, Image-Guided; Brain; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted
PubMed: 37395988
DOI: 10.1007/s12094-023-03260-z -
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Oct 2023This study aimed to assess the three-dimensional (3D) quantitative characteristics of the surgical occlusion setup in surgery-first cleft orthognathic surgery, and to...
BACKGROUND
This study aimed to assess the three-dimensional (3D) quantitative characteristics of the surgical occlusion setup in surgery-first cleft orthognathic surgery, and to evaluate its influence on post-surgical skeletal stability.
METHODS
This prospective study was comprised of 35 patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate and class III deformity who consecutively underwent two-jaw surgery with surgery-first approach. Digitized dental models were analyzed to quantify the 3D characteristics of the final surgical occlusion setup. Cone-beam computed tomography was used to measure the 3D surgical skeletal movement and post-surgical skeletal stability. The correlation between skeletal stability and surgical occlusal contact or surgical skeletal movement was also evaluated.
RESULTS
The surgical occlusion setup had a large incisor overjet and positive overbite, and buccal cross bite and open bite on second molars. Occlusal contact on three segments was present in 51.4% of the patients, and the average number for tooth contact was 4.3 teeth. No correlation was found between maxillary or mandibular stability and surgical occlusal contact. However, a significant correlation was found between maxillary and mandibular stability and the surgical skeletal movement.
CONCLUSIONS
The surgical occlusion for correction of cleft-associated class III deformity using the surgery-first approach was characterized with large overjet and positive overbite, and posterior cross bite and open bite. On average, there was occlusal contact on four to five teeth; half of surgical occlusion setups had contact on three segments. The post-surgical skeletal stability was not related to the surgical occlusal contact but to the surgical skeletal movement.
PubMed: 37904274
DOI: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000011173 -
Case Reports in Dentistry 2023This case report describes the successful 3D treatment of a patient with a narrow maxilla and a severe class II open bite using a combination of a bonded hyrax expander,...
This case report describes the successful 3D treatment of a patient with a narrow maxilla and a severe class II open bite using a combination of a bonded hyrax expander, infrazygomatic crest mini-implants, and the multiloop edgewise arch-wire (MEAW) technique. A 14-year-old female with a thumb-sucking habit in childhood, presented with a severe open bite, a convex profile, and an obtuse nasolabial angle. Diagnosis revealed a skeletal Class II open bite with moderate crowding in the maxillary and mild crowding in the mandibular arch. Treatment objectives included eliminating the open bite, achieving normal overbite and overjet, and improving upper incisor visibility. Treatment involved the use of a bonded rapid palatal expansion device, mini-implants for maxillary intrusion, fixed appliances, vertical elastics, and a MEAW. Treatment results showed resolution of the open bite, improvement in overbite and overjet, achievement of Class I molar and canine relationships, and improved upper incisors visibility. Fixed appliances were used for the whole 22-month therapy period, and post-treatment records demonstrated that the treatment's objectives were met.
PubMed: 37789900
DOI: 10.1155/2023/8833818 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine May 2024We investigated treatment outcomes and post-treatment stability in 10 patients with an anterior open bite and nonsurgical orthodontics. The patients underwent...
We investigated treatment outcomes and post-treatment stability in 10 patients with an anterior open bite and nonsurgical orthodontics. The patients underwent maxillary molar intrusion using temporary anchorage devices (TADs) to deepen the overbite due to mandibular autorotation. Lateral cephalograms and dental cast models were obtained before treatment (T0), immediately after it (T1), and >1 year after it (T2). Skeletal and dental cephalometric changes and three-dimensional movements of the maxillary dentitions were evaluated. At T0, cephalometric analysis indicated that patients had skeletal class I with tendencies for a class II jaw relationship and a skeletal open bite. During active treatment (T0 to T1), the maxillary first molar intruded by 1.6 mm, the mandibular first molar extruded by 0.3 mm, the Frankfort-mandibular plane angle decreased by 1.1°, and the overbite increased by 4.1 mm. Statistically significant changes were observed in the amount of vertical movement of the maxillary first molar, Frankfort-mandibular plane angle, and overbite. Three-dimensional (3D) dental cast analysis revealed that the maxillary first and second molars intruded, whereas the anterior teeth extruded, with the second premolar as an infection point. In addition, the maxillary molar was tipped distally by 2.9° and rotated distally by 0.91°. Statistically significant changes were observed in the amount of vertical movement of the central incisor, lateral incisor, canine and first molar, and molar angulation. From T1 to T2, no significant changes in cephalometric measurements or the 3D position of the maxillary dentition were observed. The maxillary and mandibular dentitions did not significantly change during post-treatment follow-up. Maxillary molar intrusion using mini-screws is an effective treatment for open bite correction, with the achieved occlusion demonstrating 3D stability at least 1 year after treatment.
PubMed: 38792293
DOI: 10.3390/jcm13102753