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Journal of Clinical Medicine Feb 2024: Sever's disease, or calcaneal apophysitis, stands as the most prevalent cause of heel pain in children, often linked to sports like soccer, Australian football, and... (Review)
Review
: Sever's disease, or calcaneal apophysitis, stands as the most prevalent cause of heel pain in children, often linked to sports like soccer, Australian football, and basketball. While various therapies are documented in the scientific literature, the standard choice is conservative treatment. Thus, the objective of this research was to assess the effectiveness of diverse conservative methods and techniques in alleviating Sever's disease symptoms. Systematic searches were conducted in October 2023 in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, SportDiscus, and PEDro, using terms like Osteochondritis, Osteochondrosis, Apophysitis, Sever's disease, Calcaneus, Adolescent, Child, and Childhood. The PEDro scale gauged methodological quality, and the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool evaluated the risk of bias. : Eight randomized controlled studies were included, featuring commonly used treatments such as insoles, therapeutic exercises, Kinesio taping, and foot orthoses. The methodological quality was generally good, with an average PEDro score of 6.75 points. Regarding bias, four articles had low risk, three had high risk, and one had some concern. Conservative treatment emerges as an effective option for alleviating symptoms associated with Sever's disease.
PubMed: 38592198
DOI: 10.3390/jcm13051391 -
Arthroscopy, Sports Medicine, and... Feb 2024To determine the 50 most frequently cited studies on osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) and to conduct a bibliometric analysis of these studies.
PURPOSE
To determine the 50 most frequently cited studies on osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) and to conduct a bibliometric analysis of these studies.
METHODS
We performed a search within the Clarivate Web of Science database, identifying articles published before December 2022 that encompass topics related to OCD. The search was conducted using the keywords "Osteochondritis Dissecans OR Osteochondritis OR Dissecans."Search results were then filtered using predetermined guidelines and criteria, and the 50 most-cited articles were selected for analysis. Extracted data included title, journal, design, main topic, joint, citations, year, country of origin, and level of evidence.
RESULTS
The search yielded 3,865 articles. The 50 most-cited articles were published between 1957 and 2018, with the greatest proportion published from 2000 to 2009 (60%). The most frequently studied topic was treatment (68%), followed by etiology (14%) and imaging (8%). The majority of articles had Level IV evidence (36%) and the largest proportion focused on the knee joint (36%), followed by the ankle (32%), and elbow (6%). The mean citation count per article was 287 (range: 157-1,050), with the most-cited articles primarily published from 2000 to 2003. The leading country of origin was the United States, accounting for 19 publications.
CONCLUSIONS
Most of the top 50 most-cited articles regarding OCD are about treatment, and the knee is the most-studied joint. The majority of the articles were Level IV evidence and were published in the United States between 2000 and 2009.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
The top 50 most-cited studies list will provide researchers, medical students, residents, and fellows with a foundational list of the most important and influential academic contributions regarding osteochondritis dissecans (OCD).
PubMed: 38260824
DOI: 10.1016/j.asmr.2023.100859 -
Seminars in Ultrasound, CT, and MR Aug 2023Ankle sprains are among the most common musculoskeletal injuries and can lead to ankle ligament and cartilage injuries. Imaging plays an important role in... (Review)
Review
Ankle sprains are among the most common musculoskeletal injuries and can lead to ankle ligament and cartilage injuries. Imaging plays an important role in differentiating ligament injuries from other causes of ankle pain such as fractures, osteochondral lesions or tendon injuries that helps guide further management. Chronic untreated ankle ligamentous and cartilage injuries can further progress to ankle osteoarthritis, hence the need for timely diagnosis and treatment. Surgical treatment is often required in patients not responding to conservative treatment and ranges from repair and reconstruction procedures for ligament injuries to arthroscopic debridement and repair procedures for cartilage injuries. Cartilage defects and deficiency may be augmented depending on the extent of cartilage loss and associated subchondral changes on MRI. Awareness of operative techniques utilized is essential to interpret imaging findings in postoperative settings.
Topics: Humans; Ankle; Diagnostic Imaging; Fractures, Bone; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Ligaments
PubMed: 37437970
DOI: 10.1053/j.sult.2023.04.002 -
Stem Cell Research & Therapy Jun 2024In the realm of studying joint-related diseases, there is a continuous quest for more accurate and representative models. Recently, regenerative medicine and tissue... (Review)
Review
In the realm of studying joint-related diseases, there is a continuous quest for more accurate and representative models. Recently, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering have seen a growing interest in utilizing organoids as powerful tools for studying complex biological systems in vitro. Organoids, three-dimensional structures replicating the architecture and function of organs, provide a unique platform for investigating disease mechanisms, drug responses, and tissue regeneration. The surge in organoid research is fueled by the need for physiologically relevant models to bridge the gap between traditional cell cultures and in vivo studies. Osteochondral organoids have emerged as a promising avenue in this pursuit, offering a better platform to mimic the intricate biological interactions within bone and cartilage. This review explores the significance of osteochondral organoids and the need for their development in advancing our understanding and treatment of bone and cartilage-related diseases. It summarizes osteochondral organoids' insights and research progress, focusing on their composition, materials, cell sources, and cultivation methods, as well as the concept of organoids on chips and application scenarios. Additionally, we address the limitations and challenges these organoids face, emphasizing the necessity for further research to overcome these obstacles and facilitate orthopedic regeneration.
Topics: Organoids; Humans; Tissue Engineering; Animals; Cartilage; Regenerative Medicine; Bone and Bones
PubMed: 38902814
DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03790-5 -
Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton,... 2024Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are multipotent stem cells that display the capacity to generate the tissue in which they reside. MSC have been used as progenitor cells to...
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are multipotent stem cells that display the capacity to generate the tissue in which they reside. MSC have been used as progenitor cells to engineer cartilage implants that can be used to repair chondral and osteochondral lesions, or as trophic producers of bioactive factors to initiate endogenous regenerative activities in the arthritic joint. Targeted gene therapy might further enhance the capacity of MSC for chondrogenesis. By using a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated proteins genomic manipulation technique, target gene-modified MSC would be a promising therapeutic option for regeneration of diseased joints in the treatment of RA.
Topics: Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Multipotent Stem Cells; Stem Cells; CRISPR-Associated Proteins; Chondrogenesis
PubMed: 38270877
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3682-4_18 -
Instructional Course Lectures 2024Hip pain is a common complaint in adolescents. There are several causes for hip pain in this population, with dysplasia and impingement being the most common; however,...
Hip pain is a common complaint in adolescents. There are several causes for hip pain in this population, with dysplasia and impingement being the most common; however, other conditions such as extra-articular impingement, torsional disorders, labral tears, and osteochondral lesions also require consideration. Many of these conditions are related to underlying anatomic abnormalities and increased activity in this age group. An understanding of the common pathologies of the adolescent hip is integral to the evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of these patients.
Topics: Humans; Adolescent; Hip; Pain; Arthralgia; Hip Joint; Femoracetabular Impingement; Arthroscopy
PubMed: 38090918
DOI: No ID Found -
Arthroscopy : the Journal of... Oct 2023To study the effects of concomitant subchondral bone cysts (SBCs) on prognosis after arthroscopic bone marrow stimulation (BMS) for osteochondral lesions of the talus...
PURPOSE
To study the effects of concomitant subchondral bone cysts (SBCs) on prognosis after arthroscopic bone marrow stimulation (BMS) for osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLTs) less than 100 mm and to further assess the correlation between cystic OLT area, depth, or volume and postoperative outcomes.
METHODS
We retrospectively analyzed consecutive patients with OLTs (<100 mm) who received BMS between April 2017 and May 2020 with a minimum follow-up of 24 months. Lesion area, depth, and volume were collected on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging. Visual analog scale (VAS), American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society, Karlsson-Peterson, Tegner, Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM)-Activities of Daily Life and Sports scores were assessed before surgery and at the latest follow-up. Additionally, a general linear model (GLM) and a Pearson correlation analysis (PCA) were performed to investigate the effects of concomitant cysts on postoperative results.
RESULTS
Eighty-two patients with a mean follow-up of 39.22 ± 12.53 months were divided into non-cyst (n = 45; 39.91 ± 13.03 months) and cyst (n = 37; 38.37 ± 12.02 months) groups. There was no significant difference in the OLT area between the non-cyst and cyst groups (46.98 ± 19.95 mm vs 56.08 ± 22.92 mm; P = .093), but the cyst group showed significantly greater depth (6.06 ± 1.99 mm vs 3.96 ± 1.44 mm; P = .000) and volume (248.26 ± 156.81 mm vs 134.58 ± 89.68 mm; P = .002). The non-cyst group showed significantly more improvement in VAS pain, Karlsson-Peterson, Tegner, and FAAM scores than the cyst group (P < .05). The GLM indicated that SBCs negatively affected VAS pain and Tegner scores (P < .05). For OLTs with cysts, the PCA showed that an area of 90.91 mm, depth of 7.56 mm, and volume of 428.13 mm were potential cutoff values associated with poor outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS
The concomitant SBCs negatively affected the prognosis of OLTs after BMS. For OLTs with cysts, an area of 90.91 mm, depth of 7.56 mm, and volume of 428.13 mm were the potential cutoff values associated with poor outcomes after BMS.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Level III, retrospective comparative study.
Topics: Humans; Retrospective Studies; Talus; Bone Marrow; Bone Cysts; Cysts; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Treatment Outcome; Cartilage, Articular
PubMed: 37105367
DOI: 10.1016/j.arthro.2023.03.029 -
Advanced Healthcare Materials Jan 2024With the discovery of the intrinsic enzyme-like activity of metal oxides, nanozymes garner significant attention due to their superior characteristics, such as low cost,... (Review)
Review
With the discovery of the intrinsic enzyme-like activity of metal oxides, nanozymes garner significant attention due to their superior characteristics, such as low cost, high stability, multi-enzyme activity, and facile preparation. Notably, in the field of biomedicine, nanozymes primarily focus on disease detection, antibacterial properties, antitumor effects, and treatment of inflammatory conditions. However, the potential for application in regenerative medicine, which primarily addresses wound healing, nerve defect repair, bone regeneration, and cardiovascular disease treatment, is garnering interest as well. This review introduces nanozymes as an innovative strategy within the realm of bone regenerative medicine. The primary focus of this approach lies in the facilitation of osteochondral regeneration through the modulation of the pathological microenvironment. The catalytic mechanisms of four types of representative nanozymes are first discussed. The pathological microenvironment inhibiting osteochondral regeneration, followed by summarizing the therapy mechanism of nanozymes to osteochondral regeneration barriers is introduced. Further, the therapeutic potential of nanozymes for bone diseases is included. To improve the therapeutic efficiency of nanozymes and facilitate their clinical translation, future potential applications in osteochondral diseases are also discussed and some significant challenges addressed.
Topics: Wound Healing; Regenerative Medicine; Catalysis; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Oxides; Nanostructures
PubMed: 37633309
DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202301924 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine Jan 2024Musculoskeletal disorders, standing as the fifth leading cause of disability-adjusted life years globally, present significant challenges in orthopedics. Osteochondritis... (Review)
Review
Musculoskeletal disorders, standing as the fifth leading cause of disability-adjusted life years globally, present significant challenges in orthopedics. Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) and avascular necrosis (AVN) are distinct but closely related conditions within this spectrum, impacting patients' quality of life with pain, limited mobility, and dysfunction. OCD, involving cartilage and bone detachment in joints, predominantly affects young athletes, but its exact etiology and optimal management remain subjects of ongoing research. Conversely, AVN, marked by bone tissue death due to compromised blood supply, is linked to systemic factors like corticosteroid use and traumatic injuries. Diagnosis for both conditions relies on radiography and magnetic resonance imaging. Conservative treatment for AVN includes the use of a cane or crutches, pharmacological therapy, or physical therapy. On the other hand, in OCD, the primary approach is activity/sports restriction. Surgical treatment options for AVN patients encompass core decompression, bone grafting, or, in the most advanced cases, total hip arthroplasty. OCD may be surgically treated through subchondral drilling or fixation of unstable lesions. Advanced cases of OCD involve cartilage salvage with resurfacing techniques. The presentation of differences between these conditions enhances our understanding, facilitating improved diagnosis and management strategies.
PubMed: 38202294
DOI: 10.3390/jcm13010287 -
Cureus Sep 2023Kohler's disease is characterized by osteochondritis of the navicular bone due to various factors like the lack of blood supply and late ossification of the bone. In...
Kohler's disease is characterized by osteochondritis of the navicular bone due to various factors like the lack of blood supply and late ossification of the bone. In particular, it is a disease of the pediatric age group, which has male preponderance. It may present with bony pain unilaterally or, at times, be asymptomatic and diagnosed accidentally. Clinical presentation and radiological investigations are the mainstay of diagnosis. This self-limiting condition requires only symptomatic conservative management. A surgical approach is not yet indicated. One such case of bilateral Kohler's disease is presented in this report. Here, we discuss the disease's presentation, examination, treatment, and prognosis.
PubMed: 37818500
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.44929