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Pediatric Radiology May 2024As the field of three-dimensional (3D) visualization rapidly advances, how healthcare professionals perceive and interact with real and virtual objects becomes... (Review)
Review
As the field of three-dimensional (3D) visualization rapidly advances, how healthcare professionals perceive and interact with real and virtual objects becomes increasingly complex. Lack of clear vocabulary to navigate the changing landscape of 3D visualization hinders clinical and scientific advancement, particularly within the field of radiology. In this article, we provide foundational definitions and illustrative examples for 3D visualization in clinical care, with a focus on the pediatric patient population. We also describe how understanding 3D visualization tools enables better alignment of hardware and software products with intended use-cases, thereby maximizing impact for patients, families, and healthcare professionals.
Topics: Child; Humans; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Pediatrics; Radiology; Software
PubMed: 38332355
DOI: 10.1007/s00247-024-05875-y -
Life Sciences Jul 2024Gene therapy in pediatrics represents a cutting-edge therapeutic strategy for treating a range of genetic disorders that manifest in childhood. Gene therapy involves the... (Review)
Review
Gene therapy in pediatrics represents a cutting-edge therapeutic strategy for treating a range of genetic disorders that manifest in childhood. Gene therapy involves the modification or correction of a mutated gene or the introduction of a functional gene into a patient's cells. In general, it is implemented through two main modalities namely ex vivo gene therapy and in vivo gene therapy. Currently, a noteworthy array of gene therapy products has received valid market authorization, with several others in various stages of the approval process. Additionally, a multitude of clinical trials are actively underway, underscoring the dynamic progress within this field. Pediatric genetic disorders in the fields of hematology, oncology, vision and hearing loss, immunodeficiencies, neurological, and metabolic disorders are areas for gene therapy interventions. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the evolution and current progress of gene therapy-based treatments in the clinic for pediatric patients. It navigates the historical milestones of gene therapies, currently approved gene therapy products by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and/or European Medicines Agency (EMA) for children, and the promising future for genetic disorders. By providing a thorough compilation of approved gene therapy drugs and published results of completed or ongoing clinical trials, this review serves as a guide for pediatric clinicians to get a quick overview of the situation of clinical studies and approved gene therapy products as of 2023.
Topics: Humans; Genetic Therapy; Child; Drug Approval; Pediatrics; Genetic Diseases, Inborn; Clinical Trials as Topic
PubMed: 38710276
DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122685 -
Pediatric Clinics of North America Jun 2024
Topics: Humans; Pediatrics; Pandemics; COVID-19; Disaster Planning; Child; Disasters
PubMed: 38754943
DOI: 10.1016/j.pcl.2024.03.005 -
Pediatric Research Aug 2023
Topics: Child; Humans; Pediatrics; Biomedical Research
PubMed: 37400540
DOI: 10.1038/s41390-023-02677-0 -
Respiratory Care Jun 2024Invasive mechanical ventilation is prevalent and associated with considerable morbidity. Pediatric critical care teams must identify the best timing and approach to... (Review)
Review
Invasive mechanical ventilation is prevalent and associated with considerable morbidity. Pediatric critical care teams must identify the best timing and approach to liberating (extubating) children from this supportive care modality. Unsurprisingly, practice variation varies widely. As a first step to minimizing that variation, the first evidence-based pediatric ventilator liberation guidelines were published in 2023 and included 15 recommendations. Unfortunately, there is often a substantial delay before clinical guidelines reach widespread clinical practice. As such, it is important to consider barriers and facilitators using a systematic approach during implementation planning and design. In this narrative review, we will (1) summarize guideline recommendations, (2) discuss recent evidence and identify practice gaps relating to those recommendations, and (3) hypothesize about potential barriers and facilitators to their implementation in clinical practice.
Topics: Humans; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Child; Ventilator Weaning; Respiration, Artificial; Critical Care; Evidence-Based Medicine; Pediatrics
PubMed: 38346842
DOI: 10.4187/respcare.11708 -
Seminars in Perinatology Nov 2023Communication skills training is a core competency for neonatal-perinatal medicine (NPM) fellows, yet many neonatology fellowship programs do not have formal...
Communication skills training is a core competency for neonatal-perinatal medicine (NPM) fellows, yet many neonatology fellowship programs do not have formal communication skills curricula. Since the late 1990s, experiential learning that includes role-play and simulation has become the standard for communication training. NPM fellows who receive simulation-based communication skills training report greater comfort with difficult conversations in the NICU. Most communication skills studies in neonatology focus on antenatal counseling, with some studies regarding family meetings and end of life conversations. Published examples for simulation-based communication skills curricula exist, with ideas for adapting them to meet the needs of local resources.
Topics: Infant, Newborn; Humans; Female; Pregnancy; Neonatology; Fellowships and Scholarships; Professional-Family Relations; Curriculum; Communication
PubMed: 37783578
DOI: 10.1016/j.semperi.2023.151821 -
Advances in Pediatrics Aug 2023This report describes the Pediatrics in Disasters (PEDS) course during a novel hybrid in-person and virtual format due to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.... (Review)
Review
This report describes the Pediatrics in Disasters (PEDS) course during a novel hybrid in-person and virtual format due to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. International and local faculty collaborated on 2021 precourse revisions and course facilitation for multinational in-person and virtual students. Student and facilitator 2021 surveys and 2019 to 2021 student feedback reported overall satisfaction with the course while suggesting needed improvements to maximize international and virtual student participation. The hybrid PEDS course structure successfully achieved course goals and incorporated international faculty. Lessons learned will guide future course revisions and fellow global health educators.
Topics: Humans; Child; COVID-19; Pandemics; Global Health; Disasters; Pediatrics
PubMed: 37422288
DOI: 10.1016/j.yapd.2023.04.004 -
Pediatric Clinics of North America Feb 2024Clinical ethics is the dimension of bioethics devoted to analyzing competing values and obligations in clinical care, seeking the optimal balance between competing... (Review)
Review
Clinical ethics is the dimension of bioethics devoted to analyzing competing values and obligations in clinical care, seeking the optimal balance between competing duties. Competence in clinical ethics is particularly important in our current scientific and social environment, where disharmony and challenges between value systems are common and the medical profession suffers from self-imposed risks to integrity and coherence. The ability to bring ethical analysis into the challenges of everyday clinical practice is a crucial component in resolving values conflicts and protecting the clinician-patient relationship that is the heart of our profession.
Topics: Humans; Ethics, Medical; Pediatrics
PubMed: 37973302
DOI: 10.1016/j.pcl.2023.09.001 -
Clinical Pediatrics Sep 2023International cooperation in pediatrics and pediatric surgery entails important barriers such as sociocultural differences, language difficulties, lack of infrastructure...
International cooperation in pediatrics and pediatric surgery entails important barriers such as sociocultural differences, language difficulties, lack of infrastructure and resources, and short duration of campaigns. In this work, we share our personal experience in relation to the scientific publication of works carried out in pediatric international cooperation, and we make a critical reflection on the aspects to be considered for this field to develop in the future.
Topics: Child; Humans; International Cooperation; Pediatrics
PubMed: 36609188
DOI: 10.1177/00099228221148426 -
Perspectives in Biology and Medicine 2024Recently published consensus recommendations on pediatric decision-making by Salter and colleagues (2023) did not address neonatal decision-making, due to the unique...
Recently published consensus recommendations on pediatric decision-making by Salter and colleagues (2023) did not address neonatal decision-making, due to the unique complexities of neonatal care. This essay explores three areas that impact neonatal decision-making: legal and policy considerations, rapid technological advancement, and the unique emotional burdens faced by parents and clinicians during the medical care of neonates. The authors evaluate the six consensus recommendations related to these considerations and conclude that the consensus recommendations apply to neonates.
Topics: Humans; Infant, Newborn; Decision Making; Parents; Pediatrics; Clinical Decision-Making
PubMed: 38828600
DOI: 10.1353/pbm.2024.a929019