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ELife Mar 2024A build-up of eggs in the uterus of the nematode triggers the release of large extracellular vesicles, called exophers, from neurons that are sensitive to mechanical...
A build-up of eggs in the uterus of the nematode triggers the release of large extracellular vesicles, called exophers, from neurons that are sensitive to mechanical forces.
Topics: Female; Animals; Caenorhabditis elegans; Eggs; Extracellular Vesicles; Neurons; Pelvis
PubMed: 38477825
DOI: 10.7554/eLife.96813 -
JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan... Dec 2023The urinary bladder primarily functions as a reservoir for urine. Apparently, it serves only a mechanical and passive role in the urinary tract, but closer scrutiny... (Review)
Review
The urinary bladder primarily functions as a reservoir for urine. Apparently, it serves only a mechanical and passive role in the urinary tract, but closer scrutiny reveals that it has several meaningful endocrine interactions. This vital organ has an intricate plexus of neurons that release neurohormones concerned with the functioning of the bladder. Endocrine disorders, most notably diabetes, can cause a broad spectrum of bladder dysfunction. The current review explores the bladder as a source of neurotransmitters, a target for organ damage due to uncontrolled endocrinopathy, a beneficiary of hormonal therapy, and a tool to improve endocrine health.
Topics: Humans; Urinary Bladder; Urologic Diseases; Pelvis; Endocrinology; Urodynamics; Urinary Bladder, Overactive; Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms
PubMed: 38083940
DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.23-100 -
The British Journal of Surgery Nov 2023
Topics: Humans; Pelvis; Pelvic Exenteration
PubMed: 37757457
DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znad301 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Sep 2023Image-guided focal therapy has increased in popularity as a treatment option for patients with primary and locally recurrent prostate cancer. This review will cover the... (Review)
Review
Image-guided focal therapy has increased in popularity as a treatment option for patients with primary and locally recurrent prostate cancer. This review will cover the basic indications, evaluation, treatment algorithm, and follow-up for patients undergoing image-guided ablation of the prostate. Additionally, this paper will serve as an overview of some technical approaches to cases so that physicians can familiarize themselves with working in this space. While the focus of this paper is prostate cryoablation, readers will obtain a basic literature overview of some of the additional available image-guided treatment modalities for focal prostate therapy.
Topics: Male; Humans; Cryosurgery; Prostate; Algorithms; Pelvis; Physicians
PubMed: 37763708
DOI: 10.3390/medicina59091589 -
RoFo : Fortschritte Auf Dem Gebiete Der... Jul 2023
Topics: Humans; Nomograms; Carcinoma; Abdomen; Pelvis; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Pancreatic Neoplasms
PubMed: 37414039
DOI: 10.1055/a-2055-5509 -
Skeletal Radiology Nov 2023Diagnosis of hip osteoarthritis (OA) is based on clinical arguments, and medical imaging is obtained to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other possible sources of... (Review)
Review
Diagnosis of hip osteoarthritis (OA) is based on clinical arguments, and medical imaging is obtained to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other possible sources of pain. Conventional radiographs are recommended as the first line imaging modality to investigate chronic hip pain. They should be obtained in a rigorous technique that includes an antero-posterior (AP) radiograph of the pelvis. The choice of the appropriate lateral view depends on the clinical indication, Lequesne's false profile being valuable in the assessment of OA. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is more sensitive to detect joint effusion/synovitis, cartilage, labral, and bone marrow lesions. However, structural joint changes are frequent in asymptomatic population and neither radiographs nor MRI have shown a good correlation with pain and functional impairment. MRI seems to be more suitable than radiographs as a biomarker for clinical trials addressing early OA. The absence of a validated MR biomarker of early OA, together with issues related to machine availability and MRI protocol repeatability, prevent the widespread use of MRI in clinical trials.
Topics: Humans; Osteoarthritis, Hip; Radiography; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Pelvis; Biomarkers; Osteoarthritis, Knee; Cartilage, Articular
PubMed: 36538067
DOI: 10.1007/s00256-022-04270-8 -
Abdominal Radiology (New York) Oct 2023Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a systemic, immune-mediated disease that can affect multiple organs, including the orbits, salivary glands, thyroid gland,... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a systemic, immune-mediated disease that can affect multiple organs, including the orbits, salivary glands, thyroid gland, lungs, aorta, pancreas, bile ducts, lymph nodes, and retroperitoneum. While timely diagnosis is particularly important given the efficacy of glucocorticoid treatment for IgG4-RD, accurate recognition can prove a challenge given the overlap between the imaging features of this disease and other entities.
PURPOSE
After a review of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical considerations (including treatment) associated with IgG4-RD, this pictorial review will showcase the variable imaging manifestations of this disease in the abdomen and pelvis. Post-treatment imaging appearance of these entities will be reviewed and mimickers of this disease in the abdomen and pelvis will be presented.
CONCLUSION
The presence of mass-like soft tissue with radiographic characteristics of fibrosis affecting multiple organs should raise suspicion for IgG4-RD, although definite diagnosis can only be made with appropriate clinical, serological, and pathologic data.
Topics: Humans; Immunoglobulin G4-Related Disease; Autoimmune Diseases; Abdomen; Fibrosis; Pelvis
PubMed: 37407744
DOI: 10.1007/s00261-023-03996-w -
Abdominal Radiology (New York) May 2024Vascular compression syndromes are a diverse group of pathologies that can manifest asymptomatically and incidentally in otherwise healthy individuals or symptomatically... (Review)
Review
Vascular compression syndromes are a diverse group of pathologies that can manifest asymptomatically and incidentally in otherwise healthy individuals or symptomatically with a spectrum of presentations. Due to their relative rarity, these syndromes are often poorly understood and overlooked. Early identification of these syndromes can have a significant impact on subsequent clinical management. This pictorial review provides a concise summary of seven vascular compression syndromes within the abdomen and pelvis including median arcuate ligament (MAL) syndrome, superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome, nutcracker syndrome (NCS), May-Thurner syndrome (MTS), ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO), vascular compression of the ureter, and portal biliopathy. The demographics, pathophysiology, predisposing factors, and expected treatment for each compression syndrome are reviewed. Salient imaging features of each entity are illustrated through imaging examples using multiple modalities including ultrasound, fluoroscopy, CT, and MRI.
Topics: Humans; Renal Nutcracker Syndrome; Median Arcuate Ligament Syndrome; Diagnostic Imaging; Abdomen; Diagnosis, Differential; Vascular Diseases; Pelvis; May-Thurner Syndrome; Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome
PubMed: 38683215
DOI: 10.1007/s00261-024-04315-7 -
Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Surgery &... Nov 2023
Topics: Humans; Acetabulum; Pelvis; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip; Retrospective Studies; Hip Prosthesis; Hip Fractures
PubMed: 37797806
DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2023.103698 -
Current Oncology (Toronto, Ont.) Dec 2023The triad of 3D design, 3D printing, and xReality technologies is explored and exploited to collaboratively realize patient-specific products in a timely manner with an...
BACKGROUND
The triad of 3D design, 3D printing, and xReality technologies is explored and exploited to collaboratively realize patient-specific products in a timely manner with an emphasis on designs with meta-(bio)materials.
METHODS
A case study on pelvic reconstruction after oncological resection (osteosarcoma) was selected and conducted to evaluate the applicability and performance of an inter-epistemic workflow and the feasibility and potential of 3D technologies for modeling, optimizing, and materializing individualized orthopedic devices at the point of care (PoC).
RESULTS
Image-based diagnosis and treatment at the PoC can be readily deployed to develop orthopedic devices for pre-operative planning, training, intra-operative navigation, and bone substitution.
CONCLUSIONS
Inter-epistemic symbiosis between orthopedic surgeons and (bio)mechanical engineers at the PoC, fostered by appropriate quality management systems and end-to-end workflows under suitable scientifically amalgamated synergies, could maximize the potential benefits. However, increased awareness is recommended to explore and exploit the full potential of 3D technologies at the PoC to deliver medical devices with greater customization, innovation in design, cost-effectiveness, and high quality.
Topics: Humans; Point-of-Care Systems; Medical Oncology; Pelvis
PubMed: 38248099
DOI: 10.3390/curroncol31010014