-
The ISME Journal Aug 2023The gut microbiota exist within a dynamic ecosystem shaped by various factors that includes exposure to xenobiotics such as pesticides. It is widely regarded that... (Review)
Review
The gut microbiota exist within a dynamic ecosystem shaped by various factors that includes exposure to xenobiotics such as pesticides. It is widely regarded that the gut microbiota plays an essential role in maintaining host health, including a major influence on the brain and behaviour. Given the widespread use of pesticides in modern agriculture practices, it is important to assess the long-term collateral effects these xenobiotic exposures have on gut microbiota composition and function. Indeed, exposure studies using animal models have shown that pesticides can induce negative impacts on the host gut microbiota, physiology and health. In tandem, there is a growing body of literature showing that the effects of pesticide exposure can be extended to the manifestation of behavioural impairments in the host. With the increasing appreciation of the microbiota-gut-brain axis, in this review we assess whether pesticide-induced changes in gut microbiota composition profiles and functions could be driving these behavioural alterations. Currently, the diversity of pesticide type, exposure dose and variation in experimental designs hinders direct comparisons of studies presented. Although many insights presented, the mechanistic connection between the gut microbiota and behavioural changes remains insufficiently explored. Future experiments should therefore focus on causal mechanisms to examine the gut microbiota as the mediator of the behavioural impairments observed in the host following pesticide exposure.
Topics: Animals; Pesticides; Brain-Gut Axis; Ecosystem; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Brain
PubMed: 37328570
DOI: 10.1038/s41396-023-01450-9 -
Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) 2023
Topics: Humans; Pesticides; Risk Assessment; Occupational Exposure; Environmental Exposure
PubMed: 37480641
DOI: 10.1016/j.clinsp.2023.100249 -
Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry Oct 2023Pesticides, chemical substances extensively employed in agriculture to optimize crop yields, pose potential risks to human and environmental health. Consequently,... (Review)
Review
Pesticides, chemical substances extensively employed in agriculture to optimize crop yields, pose potential risks to human and environmental health. Consequently, regulatory frameworks are in place to restrict pesticide residue concentrations in water intended for human consumption. These regulations are implemented to safeguard consumer safety and mitigate any adverse effects on the environment and public health. Although gas chromatography- and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS and LC-MS) are highly efficient techniques for pesticide quantification, their use is not suitable for real-time monitoring due to the need for sophisticated laboratory pretreatment of samples prior to analysis. Since they would enable analyte detection with selectivity and sensitivity without sample pretreatment, biosensors appear as a promising alternative. These consist of a bioreceptor allowing for specific recognition of the target and of a detection platform, which translates the biological interaction into a measurable signal. As early detection systems remain urgently needed to promptly alert and act in case of pollution, we review here the biosensors described in the literature for pesticide detection to advance their development for use in the field.
Topics: Humans; Pesticides; Pesticide Residues; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Agriculture; Biosensing Techniques
PubMed: 37668672
DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04911-4 -
Plant Physiology and Biochemistry : PPB Oct 2023The use of various chemical substances to control pests, diseases, and weeds in the field is a necessary part of the agricultural development process in every country.... (Review)
Review
The use of various chemical substances to control pests, diseases, and weeds in the field is a necessary part of the agricultural development process in every country. While the application of pesticides can improve the quality and yield of crops, plant resistance and the harm caused by pesticide residues to the environment and humans have led to the search for greener and safer pesticide formulations to improve the current situation. In recent years, nanopesticides (NPts) have shown great potential in agriculture due to their high efficiency, low toxicity, targeting, resistance, and controlled slow release demonstrated in the experimental stage. Commonly used approaches to prepare NPts include the use of nanoscale metal materials as active ingredients (AI) (ingredients that can play a role in insecticide, sterilization and weeding) or the construction of carriers based on commonly used pesticides to make them stable in nano-sized form. This paper systematically summarizes the advantages and effects of NPts over conventional pesticides, analyzes the formation and functions of NPts in terms of structure, AI, and additives, and describes the mechanism of action of NPts. Despite the feasibility of NPts use, there is not enough comprehensive research on NPts, which must be supplemented by more experiments in terms of biotoxicology and ecological effects to provide strong support for NPts application.
Topics: Humans; Pesticides; Agriculture
PubMed: 37820512
DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108051 -
International Journal of Molecular... Nov 2023Pesticides are chemicals used in agriculture, forestry, and, to some extent, public health. As effective as they can be, due to the limited biodegradability and toxicity... (Review)
Review
Pesticides are chemicals used in agriculture, forestry, and, to some extent, public health. As effective as they can be, due to the limited biodegradability and toxicity of some of them, they can also have negative environmental and health impacts. Pesticide biodegradation is important because it can help mitigate the negative effects of pesticides. Many types of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and algae, can degrade pesticides; microorganisms are able to bioremediate pesticides using diverse metabolic pathways where enzymatic degradation plays a crucial role in achieving chemical transformation of the pesticides. The growing concern about the environmental and health impacts of pesticides is pushing the industry of these products to develop more sustainable alternatives, such as high biodegradable chemicals. The degradative properties of microorganisms could be fully exploited using the advances in genetic engineering and biotechnology, paving the way for more effective bioremediation strategies, new technologies, and novel applications. The purpose of the current review is to discuss the microorganisms that have demonstrated their capacity to degrade pesticides and those categorized by the World Health Organization as important for the impact they may have on human health. A comprehensive list of microorganisms is presented, and some metabolic pathways and enzymes for pesticide degradation and the genetics behind this process are discussed. Due to the high number of microorganisms known to be capable of degrading pesticides and the low number of metabolic pathways that are fully described for this purpose, more research must be conducted in this field, and more enzymes and genes are yet to be discovered with the possibility of finding more efficient metabolic pathways for pesticide biodegradation.
Topics: Humans; Pesticides; Biodegradation, Environmental; Bacteria; Fungi; Agriculture
PubMed: 37958952
DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115969 -
Pest Management Science Dec 2023Collaborative action on the part of all stakeholders in pest management is essential to effectively address the challenges of pesticide resistance. The US Environmental... (Review)
Review
Collaborative action on the part of all stakeholders in pest management is essential to effectively address the challenges of pesticide resistance. The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), through its Pesticide Program Dialogue Committee, recently posted a report on pesticide resistance management and the role the Agency can play in these efforts. In this Perspective, we commend the Agency for acknowledging these needs, and encourage implementation of the recommendations. We urge all stakeholders to follow the example set by the EPA to engage openly, listen to other stakeholders, and determine their role as part of the broader community that is needed to address the challenges of resistance. Our contention is that pesticide resistance will continue to escalate until all stakeholders evaluate their roles in resistance management and work together as a community to influence effective management. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Topics: Pesticides; Pest Control
PubMed: 37560892
DOI: 10.1002/ps.7709 -
Journal of Environmental Management Jul 2023Increased anthropogenic activities are confronted as the main cause for rising environmental and health concerns globally, presenting an indisputable threat to both... (Review)
Review
Increased anthropogenic activities are confronted as the main cause for rising environmental and health concerns globally, presenting an indisputable threat to both environment and human well-being. Modern-day industrialization has given rise to a cascade of concurrent environmental and health challenges. The global human population is growing at an alarming rate, posing tremendous pressure on future food security, and healthy and environmentally sustainable diets for all. To feed all, the global food production needs to increase by 50% by 2050, but this increase has to occur from the limited arable land, and under the present-day climate variabilities. Pesticides have become an integral component of contemporary agricultural system, safeguarding crops from pests and diseases and their use must be reduce to fulfill the SDG (Sustainable Development Goals) agenda . However, their indiscriminate use, lengthy half-lives, and high persistence in soil and aquatic ecosystems have impacted global sustainability, overshot the planetary boundaries and damaged the pure sources of life with severe and negative impacts on environmental and human health. Here in this review, we have provided an overview of the background of pesticide use and pollution status and action strategies of top pesticide-using nations. Additionally, we have summarized biosensor-based methodologies for the rapid detection of pesticide residue. Finally, omics-based approaches and their role in pesticide mitigation and sustainable development have been discussed qualitatively. The main aim of this review is to provide the scientific facts for pesticide management and application and to provide a clean, green, and sustainable environment for future generations.
Topics: Humans; Pesticides; Ecosystem; Agriculture; Soil; Environmental Pollution
PubMed: 37011532
DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117680 -
Journal of Agricultural and Food... Sep 2023Derivatives of morpholine are biologically active organic compounds with special structures discovered in multiple drugs. As a result of the terminal pharmacophore of... (Review)
Review
Derivatives of morpholine are biologically active organic compounds with special structures discovered in multiple drugs. As a result of the terminal pharmacophore of action and extraordinary activity, they attracted fair attention with regard to pesticide innovation and development. Analysis of brief structure-activity relationships and the summarization of the characteristics of pesticides containing morpholine fragments with efficient activity are key steps in the development of novel pesticides. This review primarily overviews morpholine compounds with insecticidal, fungicidal, herbicidal, antiviral, and plant growth regulation properties to provide educational insight for the creation of new morpholine-containing compounds.
Topics: Agrochemicals; Pesticides; Fungicides, Industrial; Structure-Activity Relationship; Morpholines
PubMed: 37583294
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03818 -
Drug and Chemical Toxicology Nov 2023This review aims to bring together the works on pesticide analysis in alternative biological matrices, such as hair, breast milk, meconium, and placenta. Much is known... (Review)
Review
This review aims to bring together the works on pesticide analysis in alternative biological matrices, such as hair, breast milk, meconium, and placenta. Much is known about the harmful effects of the use and indirect consumption of pesticides; however, the assessment of long-term contamination is still unclear. In this sense, the use of hair as an alternative biological matrix has some advantages, such as segmentation, which makes it possible to assess the presence of xenobiotics to which individuals have been exposed over the years, and possibly relate this exposure to symptoms or diseases that may affect them. Complementarily, the other matrices discussed are able to provide information about the exposure of mothers and newborn children, who may have been indistinctly exposed to pesticides while in the womb. Through the analysis of studies already performed, it can be observed that organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are the most likely to be found within the biological matrices discussed here, due to the lipophilic characteristics of these compounds. For the other classes, biotransformation products are more easily detected.
Topics: Infant, Newborn; Pregnancy; Female; Humans; Pesticides; Meconium; Placenta; Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; Hair; Environmental Monitoring
PubMed: 35734890
DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2022.2090574 -
Frontiers in Public Health 2023
Topics: Pesticide Residues; Public Health; Mycotoxins; Pesticides; Risk Assessment
PubMed: 38045984
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1293726