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Pediatric Clinics of North America Apr 2024Persons with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may have other psychiatric conditions that warrant treatment. Symptoms may not be easy to discern from rigidity or... (Review)
Review
Persons with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may have other psychiatric conditions that warrant treatment. Symptoms may not be easy to discern from rigidity or irritability that are sometimes considered to be constituent parts of ASD. Pathophysiology that involves hyperexcitable neurons and anomalous connectivity may provide justification for using psychopharmacologic agents, although nonmedical strategies may also be effective. Hyperactivity, irritability, and tantrums with or without aggression may be rational targets for psychopharmacological intervention. The best-studied drug class to date has been the second-generation antipsychotics targeting irritability.
Topics: Humans; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Psychopharmacology; Antipsychotic Agents; Aggression; Irritable Mood
PubMed: 38423721
DOI: 10.1016/j.pcl.2023.12.001 -
International Clinical... Nov 2023
Topics: Humans; Psychopharmacology
PubMed: 37767627
DOI: 10.1097/YIC.0000000000000512 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Aug 2023is a plant genus within the Rutaceae family comprising over 17 species, which are widely distributed in Asia, Australia, and the Pacific Islands. Furthermore, these... (Review)
Review
is a plant genus within the Rutaceae family comprising over 17 species, which are widely distributed in Asia, Australia, and the Pacific Islands. Furthermore, these species have been used in traditional medicine to treat fever, pain, and dysentery. Several reports have also extensively studied the leaves, seeds, stembark, and bark of from 1965 to 2023 to explore their natural product composition. Various phytochemical studies have revealed the isolation of 413 compounds recorded, comprising coumarins, terpenoids, flavonoids, and aromatics, as well as alkaloids, which constitute the largest proportion (46.9%). These isolated compounds have long been known to exhibit different bioactivities, such as cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory properties. Cytotoxic activity has been observed against HCT 116, HeLa, HepG2, and other cell lines. Previous studies have also reported the presence of antifungal, hepatoprotective, antihyperlipidemic, antidiarrheal, and antioxidant effects. Therefore, this review provides a comprehensive overview of species, highlighting their phytochemistry, biological activities, and potential as a source of active natural compounds.
Topics: Murraya; Medicine, Traditional; Plant Extracts; Alkaloids; Rutaceae; Phytochemicals; Ethnopharmacology; Phytotherapy
PubMed: 37570872
DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155901 -
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry Mar 2024As we celebrate International Women's Day 2024 with the theme "Inspire Inclusion", the women of the ACS Medicinal Chemistry Division (MEDI) want to foster a sense of...
As we celebrate International Women's Day 2024 with the theme "Inspire Inclusion", the women of the ACS Medicinal Chemistry Division (MEDI) want to foster a sense of belonging, relevance, and empowerment by sharing uplifting stories of what inspired them to become medicinal chemists. In this editorial, we are featuring female medicinal chemistry scientists to provide role models, encouragement, and inspiration to others. We asked women medicinal chemists to contribute a brief paragraph about what inspired them to become medicinal chemists or what inspires them today as medicinal chemists. The responses and contributions highlight their passions and motivations, such as their love of the sciences and their drive to improve human health by contributing to basic research and creating lifesaving drugs.
Topics: Humans; Female; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Power, Psychological
PubMed: 38456628
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00493 -
Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Jan 2024This review will highlight portions of Dr. William Jusko's and colleagues' work that affected the clinical use and study of corticosteroids in acute and chronic disease... (Review)
Review
This review will highlight portions of Dr. William Jusko's and colleagues' work that affected the clinical use and study of corticosteroids in acute and chronic disease management. Selected publications related to corticosteroid pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics from the 1970s through today were included in this review, with a focus on the foundational human-based studies conducted in the 1970s-1990s. Dr. Jusko contributed significantly to early corticosteroid pharmacology across several domains including: 1) foundational corticosteroid pharmacokinetic methods and parameter development, 2) disease state-variation in corticosteroid pharmacokinetics, 3) drug interaction effects on corticosteroid pharmacokinetics, and 4) early corticosteroid pharmacodynamic studies. In an era where little was known about the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of corticosteroids, Dr. Jusko's work opened the eyes of researchers and clinicians to the potential for disease and drug interactions that could reduce or enhance the effects of corticosteroids. This significant body of work paved the way for alternative routes of administration that would be useful in concentrating the activity at the site of action and markedly reduced systemic drug exposure, minimizing the risk of adverse effects through application of the dose-sparing pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic principles.
Topics: Humans; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Drug Interactions; Pharmacology, Clinical
PubMed: 37844761
DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2023.10.016 -
The Journal of Applied Laboratory... Jan 2024
Topics: Humans; Pharmacogenetics; Genotype; Precision Medicine
PubMed: 38167767
DOI: 10.1093/jalm/jfad064 -
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry Aug 2023The present publication provides a comprehensive look at more than a decade (2010 to midyear of 2023) of medicinal chemistry research in India, focusing on contributions...
The present publication provides a comprehensive look at more than a decade (2010 to midyear of 2023) of medicinal chemistry research in India, focusing on contributions to medicinal chemistry and drug discovery from both Indian academia and industries. The work provides an overview of cutting-edge medicinal chemistry research along with the organic-transformation-based chemical research scenarios in India in the past decade. It also distinguishes areas of research as well as contributions from different federal research institutes, state universities, central universities, and private universities by their geographical locations around India. The paper takes broader stock of the situation by comparing the articles published in the two internationally acclaimed journals in the field, viz. , which highlights the current research trends as well as the thrust needed at the grass-roots level to boost medicinal chemistry and drug discovery research in India. Finally, we believe that this discussion may create a pathway for policymakers and funding agencies to focus their efforts to motivate lesser inclined institutions as well as provide incentives to the institutions primarily involved in medicinal chemistry research, as they already have built capacity for such research.
Topics: Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Drug Discovery; India
PubMed: 37561395
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01304 -
Journal of Psychopharmacology (Oxford,... Aug 2023
Topics: Humans; Ketamine; Psychopharmacology; Mental Disorders
PubMed: 37526349
DOI: 10.1177/02698811231191912 -
British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology Mar 2024Artificial intelligence (AI) will impact many aspects of clinical pharmacology, including drug discovery and development, clinical trials, personalized medicine,... (Review)
Review
Artificial intelligence (AI) will impact many aspects of clinical pharmacology, including drug discovery and development, clinical trials, personalized medicine, pharmacogenomics, pharmacovigilance and clinical toxicology. The rapid progress of AI in healthcare means clinical pharmacologists should have an understanding of AI and its implementation in clinical practice. As with any new therapy or health technology, it is imperative that AI tools are subject to robust and stringent evaluation to ensure that they enhance clinical practice in a safe and equitable manner. This review serves as an introduction to AI for the clinical pharmacologist, highlighting current applications, aspects of model development and issues surrounding evaluation and deployment. The aim of this article is to empower clinical pharmacologists to embrace and lead on the safe and effective use of AI within healthcare.
Topics: Humans; Artificial Intelligence; Pharmacology, Clinical; Machine Learning; Biomedical Technology; Drug Discovery
PubMed: 37845024
DOI: 10.1111/bcp.15930 -
Journal of Pharmacological and... 2023This editorial prefaces the annual themed issue on safety pharmacology (SP) methods published since 2004 in the Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods...
This editorial prefaces the annual themed issue on safety pharmacology (SP) methods published since 2004 in the Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods (JPTM). We highlight here the content derived from the recent 2022 Safety Pharmacology Society (SPS) and Canadian Society of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (CSPT) joint meeting held in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The meeting also generated 179 abstracts (reproduced in the current volume of JPTM). As in previous years the manuscripts reflect various areas of innovation in SP including a comparison of the sensitivity of cross-over and parallel study designs for QTc assessment, use of human-induced pluripotent stem cell (hi-PSC) neuronal cell preparations for use in neuropharmacological safety screening, and hiPSC derived cardiac myocytes in assessing inotropic adversity. With respect to the latter, we anticipate the emergence of a large data set of positive and negative controls that will test whether the imperative to miniaturize, humanize and create a high throughput process is offset by any loss of precision and accuracy.
Topics: Humans; Canada; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Pharmacology; Congresses as Topic
PubMed: 37524151
DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2023.107300