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Infection and Immunity Mar 2024Oral streptococci, key players in oral biofilm formation, are implicated in oral dysbiosis and various clinical conditions, including dental caries, gingivitis,...
Oral streptococci, key players in oral biofilm formation, are implicated in oral dysbiosis and various clinical conditions, including dental caries, gingivitis, periodontal disease, and oral cancer. Specifically, is associated with esophageal, gastric, and pharyngeal cancers, while is linked to oral cancer. However, no study has investigated the mechanistic links between these species and cancer-related inflammatory responses. As an initial step, we probed the innate immune response triggered by and in RAW264.7 macrophages. These bacteria exerted time- and dose-dependent effects on macrophage morphology without affecting cell viability. Compared with untreated macrophages, macrophages infected with exhibited a robust proinflammatory response characterized by significantly increased levels of inflammatory cytokines and mediators, including TNF, IL-6, IL-1β, NOS2, and COX2, accompanied by enhanced NF-κB activation. In contrast, -infected macrophages failed to elicit a robust inflammatory response. Seahorse Xfe96 analysis revealed an increased extracellular acidification rate in macrophages infected with compared with . At the 24-h time point, the presence of led to reduced extracellular itaconate, while triggered increased itaconate levels, highlighting distinct metabolic profiles in macrophages during infection in contrast to aconitate decarboxylase expression observed at the 6-h time point. This initial investigation highlights how and , two Gram-positive bacteria from the same genus, can prompt distinct immune responses and metabolic shifts in macrophages during infection.IMPORTANCEThe surge in head and neck cancer cases among individuals devoid of typical risk factors such as Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection and tobacco and alcohol use sparks an argumentative discussion around the emerging role of oral microbiota as a novel risk factor in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). While substantial research has dissected the gut microbiome's influence on physiology, the oral microbiome, notably oral streptococci, has been underappreciated during mucosal immunopathogenesis. , a viridans streptococci group, has been linked to abscess formation and an elevated presence in esophageal cancer and OSCC. The current study aims to probe the innate immune response to compared with the early colonizer as an important first step toward understanding the impact of distinct oral species on the host immune response, which is an understudied determinant of OSCC development and progression.
Topics: Humans; Streptococcus anginosus; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Mouth Neoplasms; Dental Caries; Streptococcus; Macrophages; Succinates
PubMed: 38289109
DOI: 10.1128/iai.00536-23 -
Clinical & Translational Oncology :... Jun 2024This study aimed to further evaluate the potential value of Pan-Immune-Inflammation Value (PIV) as a prognostic marker in patients with laryngeal and pharyngeal tumors.
PURPOSE
This study aimed to further evaluate the potential value of Pan-Immune-Inflammation Value (PIV) as a prognostic marker in patients with laryngeal and pharyngeal tumors.
METHODS
A total of 545 patients with laryngeal and pharyngeal tumors who underwent surgery at Qilu Hospital of Shandong University were included. We determined the optimal cutoff of PIV and divided the patients into two groups. The relationship between PIV and clinicopathological features was explored by the chi-square test and the Mann-Whitney U test. Survival analysis and Cox regression analysis were used to evaluate the relationship between PIV and overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). We also compared the prognostic predictive value of PIV with other inflammation-related markers. Finally, we developed a simple scoring prediction model based on several independent prognostic parameters.
RESULTS
We found that PIV was statistically associated with clinicopathological features such as tumor stage (p < 0.001), node stage (p = 0.001), postoperative chemotherapy (p = 0.026), and vascular thrombosis (p = 0.027). Survival analysis demonstrated a significant correlation between elevated PIV and reduced OS and DFS (p < 0.0001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis further confirmed PIV as a prognostic indicator (HR 2.507; 95% CI 1.343-4.681; p = 0.004), which is superior to SII, NLR, MLR and PLR. Three of the independent prognostic factors screened by multivariate Cox regression analysis were selected to be used to create a scoring system with a concordance index of 0.756.
CONCLUSIONS
Elevated PIV is associated with poor prognosis in patients with laryngeal and pharyngeal tumors, suggesting that PIV may be an important adjunctive indicator for assessing patient prognosis.
REGISTRATION INFORMATION
Registration number: KYLL-202307-001, date: July 2023.
PubMed: 38877363
DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03558-6 -
Journal of Medical Case Reports Jun 2024This paper reports the first case of basaloid squamous cell carcinoma clinically and radiologically masquerading as a head and neck paraganglioma. (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
This paper reports the first case of basaloid squamous cell carcinoma clinically and radiologically masquerading as a head and neck paraganglioma.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 66-year-old Sinhalese male with unilateral hearing impairment and 7th-12th (excluding 11th) cranial nerve palsies was diagnosed radiologically with a head and neck paraganglioma by magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, which revealed a hypointense and hyperintense punctate mass centered at the jugular fossa with intracranial extension. The ascending pharyngeal artery, recognized as the major feeder, was embolized by percutaneous embolization following digital subtraction angiography. Gross total resection of the tumor was followed by an uneventful postoperative recovery. Combined immunohistochemistry and histopathological morphology revealed a basaloid squamous cell carcinoma, following which the patient completed radiotherapy and is at 3-month follow-up currently.
CONCLUSION
This case report discusses the diagnostic pitfalls and management challenges of this rare entity on the basis of prior evidence, as well as a literature review and clinical and surgical analysis.
Topics: Humans; Male; Aged; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Paraganglioma; Diagnosis, Differential; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Embolization, Therapeutic; Angiography, Digital Subtraction
PubMed: 38858796
DOI: 10.1186/s13256-024-04601-4 -
Head & Neck Oct 2023The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of preoperative gastrostomy in patients undergoing pharyngolaryngectomy (PL) on gastrostomy tube dependence at...
BACKGROUND
The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of preoperative gastrostomy in patients undergoing pharyngolaryngectomy (PL) on gastrostomy tube dependence at 6 months postoperatively.
METHODS
A retrospective review of patients undergoing PL for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma between 2005 and 2019 was performed. Parameters were collected and analyzed within the multivariate models.
RESULTS
Ninety-three patients (82% male, mean age 63.4 [SD 9.4]) were included. Preoperative tube placement and pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF) were associated with an increased likelihood of gastrostomy tube dependence at 6 months (odds ratio 6.43, CI 1.1-38.3, p = 0.041) after adjusting for multiple confounding factors. There was no difference in the incidence of delayed oral feeding, PCF, or hospital stay between the groups.
CONCLUSIONS
Preoperative tube and PCF are associated with an increased likelihood of tube dependence at 6 months. Patients for preoperative tube insertion should be carefully selected and early oral feeding reintroduction should be encouraged.
Topics: Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Female; Gastrostomy; Cutaneous Fistula; Laryngectomy; Pharyngeal Diseases; Retrospective Studies; Postoperative Complications; Laryngeal Neoplasms
PubMed: 37622194
DOI: 10.1002/hed.27490 -
Frontiers in Pharmacology 2023[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00205.].
Corrigendum: Tilianin extracted from L. induces intrinsic apoptosis and drives inflammatory microenvironment response on pharyngeal squamous carcinoma cells via regulating TLR4 signaling pathways.
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00205.].
PubMed: 38108063
DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1330291 -
Cureus Aug 2023Gastric metastases from breast cancer are difficult to distinguish from primary gastric cancer. We report two cases of gastric metastasis of breast cancer with a review...
Gastric metastases from breast cancer are difficult to distinguish from primary gastric cancer. We report two cases of gastric metastasis of breast cancer with a review of the literature. In the first case, a 77-year-old woman was diagnosed with adenocarcinoma after upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, which revealed an erosive lesion in the gastric corpus. She was treated with an aromatase inhibitor and a CDK4/6 inhibitor, but five years later, she developed multiple bone metastases and gastric lesions, and she is currently receiving weekly paclitaxel (PTX) and bev. In the second case, a 63-year-old woman underwent total mastectomy and axillary lymphadenectomy [invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC)]. Eleven years after the surgery, the patient complained of pharyngeal tightness, and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a type 4 gastric tumor in the gastric body and posterior wall. In conclusion, when a patient with ILC or advanced breast cancer presents with gastric symptoms and anemia, it is important to examine and treat the patient based on the possibility of gastric metastasis.
PubMed: 37711950
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.43434 -
Laryngo- Rhino- Otologie Apr 2024
Topics: Humans; Carcinoma; Pharyngeal Neoplasms
PubMed: 38565102
DOI: 10.1055/a-2219-0448 -
Laryngo- Rhino- Otologie Apr 2024
Topics: Humans; Carcinoma; Pharyngeal Neoplasms
PubMed: 38565103
DOI: 10.1055/a-2219-0522 -
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer... Apr 2024To identify swallowing-related structures (SRSs) predicting post-radiotherapy dysphagia in oropharyngeal carcinoma patients.
OBJECTIVE
To identify swallowing-related structures (SRSs) predicting post-radiotherapy dysphagia in oropharyngeal carcinoma patients.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Between September 2020 and October 2022, oropharyngeal cancer patients who had completed radiotherapy at least one year before without recurrence or residuals were selected. They underwent flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) assessments and dysphagia grading. The mean radiation doses delivered to their SRSs were recalculated. The correlation between radiation doses to each SRS and FEES scores was analysed.
RESULTS
Twenty-nine participants, aged 51-73 years, were enrolled. Six patients had received two-dimensional radiotherapy, eight had undergone three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy, and fifteen had received intensity-modulated radiation therapy. Radiation doses to the inferior pharyngeal constrictor, cricopharyngeus and glottic larynx significantly predicted dysphagia for both semisolids (p = 0.023, 0.030 and 0.001) and liquid diets (p = 0.021, 0.013 and 0.002). The esophageal inlet significantly predicted swallowing outcomes for only the liquid diet (p = 0.007).
CONCLUSIONS
This study supports that SRS-sparing during radiotherapy for oropharyngeal cancers improves swallowing outcomes.
Topics: Humans; Deglutition Disorders; Middle Aged; Male; Oropharyngeal Neoplasms; Female; Aged; Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated; Follow-Up Studies; Prognosis; Deglutition; Radiation Injuries; Radiotherapy, Conformal; Radiotherapy Dosage; Organ Sparing Treatments
PubMed: 38680007
DOI: 10.31557/APJCP.2024.25.4.1451 -
Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai... Oct 2023Adenoid cystic carcinoma usually occurs in the salivary glands of the head and neck. It is a malignant tumor with a high degree of malignancy, resistance to radiotherapy...
Adenoid cystic carcinoma usually occurs in the salivary glands of the head and neck. It is a malignant tumor with a high degree of malignancy, resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy and poor prognosis. The clinical course of adenoid cystic carcinoma is slow and easy to be misdiagnosed. The main diagnosis and treatment means are individualized and precise treatment under the multi-disciplinary consultation mode, that is, surgical treatment and radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Adenoid cystic carcinoma is prone to relapse and hematologic metastasis, and the traditional radiotherapy and chemotherapy based therapies have not achieved satisfactory efficacy in the past three decades. How to detect, diagnose and treat early is an urgent task faced by clinicians.
Topics: Humans; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Neck; Oropharynx; Diagnostic Errors
PubMed: 37828891
DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.2096-7993.2023.10.015