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Nature Immunology Jul 2023Fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) direct the interaction and activation of immune cells in discrete microenvironments of lymphoid organs. Despite their important role...
Fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) direct the interaction and activation of immune cells in discrete microenvironments of lymphoid organs. Despite their important role in steering innate and adaptive immunity, the age- and inflammation-associated changes in the molecular identity and functional properties of human FRCs have remained largely unknown. Here, we show that human tonsillar FRCs undergo dynamic reprogramming during life and respond vigorously to inflammatory perturbation in comparison to other stromal cell types. The peptidase inhibitor 16 (PI16)-expressing reticular cell (PI16 RC) subset of adult tonsils exhibited the strongest inflammation-associated structural remodeling. Interactome analysis combined with ex vivo and in vitro validation revealed that T cell activity within subepithelial niches is controlled by distinct molecular pathways during PI16 RC-lymphocyte interaction. In sum, the topological and molecular definition of the human tonsillar stromal cell landscape reveals PI16 RCs as a specialized FRC niche at the core of mucosal immune responses in the oropharynx.
Topics: Humans; T-Lymphocytes; Palatine Tonsil; Fibroblasts; Lymphocytes; Inflammation; Carrier Proteins; Glycoproteins
PubMed: 37202490
DOI: 10.1038/s41590-023-01502-4 -
Advanced Biology Dec 2023Sjogren's syndrome is an autoimmune disease in middle and old-aged women with a dry mucosal surface, which is caused by the dysfunction of secretory glands, such as the... (Review)
Review
Sjogren's syndrome is an autoimmune disease in middle and old-aged women with a dry mucosal surface, which is caused by the dysfunction of secretory glands, such as the oral cavity, eyeballs, and pharynx. Pathologically, Sjogren's syndrome are characterized by lymphocyte infiltration into the exocrine glands and epithelial cell destruction caused by autoantibodies Ro/SSA and La/SSB. At present, the exact pathogenesis of Sjogren's syndrome is unclear. Evidence suggests epithelial cell death and the subsequent dysfunction of salivary glands as the main causes of xerostomia. This review summarizes the modes of salivary gland epithelial cell death and their role in Sjogren's syndrome progression. The molecular mechanisms involved in salivary gland epithelial cell death during Sjogren's syndrome as potential leads to treating the disease are also discussed.
Topics: Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Aged; Sjogren's Syndrome; Salivary Glands; Autoantibodies; Xerostomia; Epithelial Cells
PubMed: 37409392
DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300173 -
Fish & Shellfish Immunology Jan 2024Given the uniquely close relationship between fish and aquatic environments, fish mucosal tissues are constantly exposed to a wide array of pathogenic microorganisms in... (Review)
Review
Given the uniquely close relationship between fish and aquatic environments, fish mucosal tissues are constantly exposed to a wide array of pathogenic microorganisms in the surrounding water. To maintain mucosal homeostasis, fish have evolved a distinct mucosal immune system known as mucosal-associated lymphoid tissues (MALTs). These MALTs consist of key effector cells and molecules from the adaptive immune system, such as B cells and immunoglobulins (Igs), which play crucial roles in maintaining mucosal homeostasis and defending against external pathogen infections. Until recently, three primary Ig isotypes, IgM, IgD, and IgT, have been identified in varying proportions within the mucosal secretions of teleost fish. Similar to the role of mucosal IgA in mammals and birds, teleost IgT plays a predominant role in mucosal immunity. Following the identification of the IgT gene in 2005, significant advances have been made in researching the origin, evolution, structure, and function of teleost IgT. Multiple IgT variants have been identified in various species of teleost fish, underscoring the remarkable complexity of IgT in fish. Therefore, this study provides a comprehensive review of the recent advances in various aspects of teleost IgT, including its genomic and structural features, the diverse distribution patterns within various fish mucosal tissues (the skin, gills, gut, nasal, buccal, pharyngeal, and swim bladder mucosa), its interaction with mucosal symbiotic microorganisms, and its immune responses towards diverse pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, and parasites. We also highlight the existing research gaps in the study of teleost IgT, suggesting the need for further investigation into the functional aspects of IgT and IgT B cells. This research is aimed at providing valuable insights into the immune functions of IgT and the mechanisms underlying the immune responses of fish against infections.
Topics: Animals; Immunoglobulins; Fish Proteins; B-Lymphocytes; Immunoglobulin Isotypes; Fishes; Immunity, Mucosal; Fish Diseases; Mammals
PubMed: 38092093
DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109281 -
Psychosocial Oncology: Optimizing Outcomes through Interdisciplinary Care in Head and Neck Oncology.Current Oncology (Toronto, Ont.) Jul 2023Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas arise from the mucosal epithelium of the oral cavity (lips, buccal mucosa, anterior tongue, hard palate, floor of mouth, and...
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas arise from the mucosal epithelium of the oral cavity (lips, buccal mucosa, anterior tongue, hard palate, floor of mouth, and retromolar trigone), nasopharynx, oropharynx (tonsils, base of tongue, soft palate, uvula, and posterior pharyngeal wall), hypopharynx, and larynx [...].
Topics: Humans; Psycho-Oncology; Tongue; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck; Medical Oncology; Head and Neck Neoplasms
PubMed: 37504361
DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30070501