-
Journal of Natural Medicines Jun 2024Mountain caviar is a fruit of Kochia scoparia that contains momordin Ic as a major saponin constituent. Its extract (MCE) has been shown to suppress blood glucose...
Mountain caviar is a fruit of Kochia scoparia that contains momordin Ic as a major saponin constituent. Its extract (MCE) has been shown to suppress blood glucose elevations in the human oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) as well as increases in blood glucose in OGTT, gastric emptying (GE), and glucose incorporation in the small intestine in rats. However, the effects of MCE and momordin Ic on glucose absorption in mice and these action mechanisms have not been examined for more than 2 decades. Therefore, we herein investigated the effects of MCE, its saponin fraction, and momordin Ic on blood glucose elevations in mice. Mouse blood glucose elevation tests were performed on carbohydrate-loaded mice. The mountain caviar saponin fraction significantly delayed blood glucose elevations in glucose-, sucrose-, and soluble starch-loaded mice. In glucose-loaded mice, the saponin fraction, MCE, and momordin Ic significantly suppressed rapid glucose elevations after glucose loading, but not sucrose loading. A mouse GE study was performed by loading with glucose and phenolphthalein solution. Momordin Ic and MCE strongly suppressed mouse GE. Intestinal glucose absorption was evaluated by the incorporation of 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) into Caco-2 cell layers and mouse duodenum wall vesicles. The results obtained showed that momordin Ic inhibited the incorporation of 2-DG into Caco-2 cells and mouse duodenum vesicles. Collectively, these results suggest that MCE, particularly the principal saponin, momordin Ic, preferably suppressed glucose-induced blood glucose elevations and delayed carbohydrate-induced glucose elevations in mice. The underlying mechanism was found to involve the suppression of GE and intestinal glucose absorption.
Topics: Animals; Mice; Saponins; Plant Extracts; Humans; Caco-2 Cells; Hypoglycemic Agents; Male; Blood Glucose; Glucose; Intestinal Absorption; Glucose Tolerance Test; Gastric Emptying; Fruit; Mice, Inbred ICR
PubMed: 38587581
DOI: 10.1007/s11418-024-01791-5 -
Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics :... Mar 2024A phenolphthalein-based Schiff base, 3,3-bis-{4-hydroxy-3-[(pyridine-2-ylmethylimino)-methyl]-phenyl}-3-isobenzofuran-1-one (PAP), has been synthesized and used for...
A phenolphthalein-based Schiff base, 3,3-bis-{4-hydroxy-3-[(pyridine-2-ylmethylimino)-methyl]-phenyl}-3-isobenzofuran-1-one (PAP), has been synthesized and used for selective fluorescence 'turn on' and 'turn off' sensing of Zn and PO respectively. The limit of detection using the 3 method for Zn is found to be 19.3 nM and that for PO is 8.3 μM. The sensing mechanism of PAP for Zn ions has been explained by H NMR, C NMR, TRPL, ESI-MS, FT-IR, and DFT based calculations. Taking advantage of this fluorescence 'on-off' behavior of PAP in the sequential presence of Zn and PO a two input fuzzy logic (FL) operation has been constructed. The chemosensor PAP can thus act as a metal ion and anion responsive molecular switch, and its corresponding emission intensity is used to mimic numerous FL functions. To replace various expensive, time-consuming experimental procedures, we implemented machine learning soft computing tools, such as fuzzy-logic, artificial neural networks (ANNs), and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems (ANFIS), to correlate as well as predict the fluorescence intensity in the presence of any equivalent ratio of Zn and PO. The statistical performance measures (MSE and RMSE, for example) show that the projected values of the cation and anion sensing data by the ANFIS network are the best and closer to the experimental values.
PubMed: 38482924
DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05662g -
Journal of the College of Physicians... Mar 2024To evaluate the role of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) in reducing the postoperative neurologic deficit following corrective surgery of scoliosis. (Observational Study)
Observational Study
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the role of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) in reducing the postoperative neurologic deficit following corrective surgery of scoliosis.
STUDY DESIGN
Observational Study. Place and Duration of the Study: Spine Surgery Department, Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, from December 2022 to May 2023.
METHODOLOGY
The study included 170 cases of scoliosis operated under multimodal IONM. Decreased amplitude of ≥50% in SSEP or 70-80% in MEPs were considered warning signs. Cases were divided into two groups: Group 1 (signal drop) and Group 2 (no signal drop). Group 1 was subdivided into Group 1a (true positive), Group 1b (false positive) and Group 1c (intermediate positive). Group 2 was subdivided into Group 2a (true negative) and Group 2b (false negative).
RESULTS
Evoked potential changes were observed in 27 (15.9%) cases. This includes transient drop of signals in 16 (9.4%) and sustained drop of signals in 11 (6.5%) cases. Among sustained signal drop, 9 (5.29%) cases had exhibited postoperative neurological deficit whereas 2 (1.17%) cases did not show postoperative neurological deficit (false positive). Multimodal IONM in the current study shows sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 98.6%, positive predictive value of 92.6%, and negative predictive value of 100%.
CONCLUSION
Multimodal IONM reduces the incidence of postoperative neurological deficit in corrective surgery of scoliosis by effectively detecting neurologic injury during surgery. Monitoring events alert surgical team to exercise immediate corrective measures which likely results in recovery of lost signals and predict the favorable outcome.
KEY WORDS
Intraoperative monitoring, Motor evoked potentials, Neurological deficit, Scoliosis, Somatosensory evoked potentials.
Topics: Humans; Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring; Scoliosis; Tertiary Care Centers; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory; Evoked Potentials, Motor; Dioctyl Sulfosuccinic Acid; Phenolphthalein; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 38462862
DOI: 10.29271/jcpsp.2024.03.284 -
Problemy Sotsial'noi Gigieny,... Aug 2023One of the directions to increase the effectiveness of medical organizations in the region is the development of managerial tools for improving the quality of medical...
One of the directions to increase the effectiveness of medical organizations in the region is the development of managerial tools for improving the quality of medical services. The aim of the study is to develop an approach to improving the quality of medical services based on the results of measuring patient satisfaction with the quality of medical services, mapping satisfaction criteria to medical and technological characteristics of the quality of services, substantiation and selection of appropriate corrective measures. The method of measuring patient satisfaction with the quality of the provided medical service and the method of deploying quality functions ensuring transformation of patient needs and expectations into characteristics of service quality were used. The measurement of patients' satisfaction with the quality of medical services is carried out during medical and sociological research. The measurement results are obtained by statistical processing using a software set. To determine measures to improve the quality of cardiological services, the results of changing patient satisfaction were used in accordance with the method of deploying quality functions, which consists in implementing a number of steps that ensure the determination of a minimum set of additional requirements for medical services in order to meet the requirements of patients. This technique is supported by specialized software. Implementation of the proposed approach makes it possible to form tools aimed at creating an information model of medical services and ensure the change in the quality of such services demanded by patients.
Topics: Humans; Patient Satisfaction; Dioctyl Sulfosuccinic Acid; Phenolphthalein; Technology
PubMed: 37742263
DOI: 10.32687/0869-866X-2023-31-s1-857-861 -
BMC Geriatrics Mar 2024Aging is associated with changes in the musculoskeletal system, including increased susceptibility to spine malalignments. Utilizing corrective exercises with a... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
Aging is associated with changes in the musculoskeletal system, including increased susceptibility to spine malalignments. Utilizing corrective exercises with a therapeutic emphasis can be beneficial in the elderly with thoracic spine hyperkyphosis.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to investigate the effects of six weeks of telerehabilitation-based respiratory and corrective exercises on quality of life, disability, thoracic kyphosis, craniovertebral angle, shoulder angle, cranial angle, and chest expansion in the elderly with thoracic spine hyperkyphosis.
METHODS
In this clinical trial, a total of 40 participants aged 60 and above with thoracic hyperkyphosis were randomly divided into the control (N = 20) and experimental (N = 20) groups. The experimental group performed the corrective exercises for six weeks (3 sessions per week). The control group performed general stretching exercises during the same time period. We measured the outcomes of quality of life, disability, thoracic kyphosis, craniovertebral angle, shoulder angle, cranial angle, and lung expansion before and after the intervention. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was employed to analyze the data. A P-value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
RESULTS
Quality of life (P < 0.001, Effect Size (ES): 0.44), chest expansion (P < 0.001, ES: 0.56), thoracic kyphosis angle (P < 0.001, ES: 0.31), craniovertebral (P < 0.001, ES: 0.33), cranial (P < 0.001, ES: 0.38), and shoulder (P = 0.005, ES: 0.20) angles were significantly improved in the experimental group as compared with controls. However, no statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of physical ability (P = 0.251, ES: 0.04).
CONCLUSION
It is therefore recommended that online corrective exercises be used in the rehabilitation protocol to improve the quality of life, posture, chest expansion, and disability in the elderly with thoracic kyphosis.
Topics: Aged; Humans; Telerehabilitation; Quality of Life; Exercise Therapy; Exercise; Kyphosis; Dioctyl Sulfosuccinic Acid; Phenolphthalein
PubMed: 38448857
DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-04779-8 -
Journal of Pediatric Orthopedics Jan 2024Proximal thoracic curve (PTC) correction has been considered to prevent lateral shoulder imbalance in Lenke Type 2 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients;...
BACKGROUND
Proximal thoracic curve (PTC) correction has been considered to prevent lateral shoulder imbalance in Lenke Type 2 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients; however, postoperative shoulder imbalance (PSI) commonly occurs despite these strategies with PTC correction. We investigated the hypothesis that PTC correction would not directly affect PSI in the majority of Lenke type 2 AIS cases. Furthermore, we investigated the risk factors for lateral PSI after corrective surgery.
METHODS
This study examined the records for AIS patients with Lenke type 2 who underwent corrective surgery and followed up for >2 years. Patients were categorized into PSI (-); radiologic shoulder height (RSH)<15 mm, and PSI (+); RSH≥15 mm. Repeated measures analysis of variance was performed at preoperatively, postoperatively, 1 month, and final follow-up. Postoperative lateral shoulder imbalance was predicted by the identification of univariate analysis and multivariate analysis.
RESULTS
Among the 151 patients reviewed, 29 (19.2%) showed PSI at final follow-up. Lateral shoulder balance parameters showed different directionalities between PSI (-) and (+) groups at postoperatively, 1 month, and final follow-up ( P <0.01 each). Preoperative PTC, middle thoracic curve (MTC) curve and MTC correction showed strong correlations with the RSH ( P =0.01, 0.03, and 0.04, respectively). However, PTC correction did not show a significant correlation with the RSH. Moreover, only a smaller MTC curve and larger MTC correction rate were related to lateral PSI in multivariate analysis.
CONCLUSIONS
In Lenke type 2 AIS curves, the MTC curve and its correction predominantly influence lateral shoulder imbalance after corrective surgery, irrespective of the PTC correction extent. Consequently, overemphasizing the correction of the PTC curve may not necessarily lead to an improved lateral shoulder balance. When MTC curve is smaller, surgeons should be more careful for MCT overcorrection leading to a lateral shoulder imbalance.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Level III.
Topics: Humans; Adolescent; Shoulder; Scoliosis; Thoracic Vertebrae; Retrospective Studies; Spinal Fusion; Kyphosis; Phenolphthalein; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 37815292
DOI: 10.1097/BPO.0000000000002544 -
Materials (Basel, Switzerland) Feb 2024The paper concerns destructive and non-destructive (NDT) evaluation of the effect of the addition of superabsorbent polymer (SAP) used as a carrier of mixing water and a...
The paper concerns destructive and non-destructive (NDT) evaluation of the effect of the addition of superabsorbent polymer (SAP) used as a carrier of mixing water and a means of internal curing on the durability of concrete. The research concerns testing of five concretes-an ordinary reference concrete and four concretes differing in the content of mixing water introduced into the concrete mix in the form of pre-saturated SAP particles (25%, two variants of 50% and 75% of the total mixing water in the form of SAP hydrogel). The research consisted of 4 stages of tests. The subsequent stages involved the analysis of the effect of using SAP as a carrier of mixing water on the particular characteristics of concrete mix and hardened concrete, i.e., consistency and density of concrete mix (1st stage), carbonation tested using two indicators-phenolphthalein and thymol phenolphthalein (2nd stage), and finally: the homogeneity of the concretes' structure by means of ultrasonic method (determination of ultrasonic pulse velocity) 28 days after production (3rd stage) and 3 years after production (4th stage). The ultrasonic pulse (or wave) velocity was then correlated with the content of water applied in the form of SAP hydrogel. The statistical analysis of results showed that the method of introducing the mixing water into the concrete mix in the form of pre-absorbed superabsorbent polymer, although it changed the concrete mix consistency, did not significantly affect the concrete ability to resist carbonation. Meanwhile, after 3 years, the densification of the microstructure of concrete with SAP has been observed.
PubMed: 38399157
DOI: 10.3390/ma17040906 -
Journal of Drugs in Dermatology : JDD Mar 2024Integrated skin care is defined as the complementary use of topical treatments to nonsurgical facial rejuvenation procedures, such as lasers and radiofrequency...
INDIVIDUAL ARTICLE: Real-World Patient Cases Using Botanical Serum-Containing Corrective Gel as an Adjunct to Aesthetic Facial Laser or Microneedling Radiofrequency (MRF) Treatment.
Integrated skin care is defined as the complementary use of topical treatments to nonsurgical facial rejuvenation procedures, such as lasers and radiofrequency microneedling devices, to produce pleasing aesthetic results. Real-world experience from expert dermatologists is invaluable in guiding patient treatment plans, as there are limited clinical trials on the efficacy of integrated skincare regimens. The SkinCeuticals (New York, NY) Phyto Corrective gel (botanical serum-containing corrective gel) contains a lightweight botanical serum that hydrates, calms, and soothes skin. It contains antioxidant and anti-inflammatory ingredients derived from plant and fruit extracts, making it an appealing option for adjunctive treatment of post-procedure erythema and swelling. J Drugs Dermatol. 2024;23:3(Suppl 2):s3-s14.
Topics: Humans; Percutaneous Collagen Induction; Rejuvenation; Antioxidants; Dioctyl Sulfosuccinic Acid; Esthetics; Lasers; Phenolphthalein
PubMed: 38443134
DOI: 10.36849/jdd.SF400676 -
JBJS Case Connector Jan 2024Neglected elbow dislocation and radial neck malunion frequently result in chronic pain, instability, and early arthrosis. These complications are best prevented by early...
CASE
Neglected elbow dislocation and radial neck malunion frequently result in chronic pain, instability, and early arthrosis. These complications are best prevented by early treatment with open reduction, corrective osteotomy, and ligament reconstruction, followed by early supervised physiotherapy. We present a peculiar case with neglected complex elbow dislocation and radial head malunion. In this case, we performed an open reduction of the elbow joint and radial neck corrective osteotomy, medial collateral ligament, annular ligament reconstruction, and lateral collateral ligament repair.
CONCLUSION
Neglected complex elbow dislocations require reconstruction of both ligamentous and osseous structures to achieve a good functional outcome.
Topics: Humans; Elbow; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Epiphyses; Joint Dislocations; Osteotomy; Dioctyl Sulfosuccinic Acid; Phenolphthalein
PubMed: 38422194
DOI: 10.2106/JBJS.CC.23.00562 -
European Spine Journal : Official... Feb 2024Since childhood exposure to radiation has been demonstrated to increase cancer risk with increase in radiation dose, reduced radiation exposure during computed...
PURPOSE
Since childhood exposure to radiation has been demonstrated to increase cancer risk with increase in radiation dose, reduced radiation exposure during computed tomography (CT) evaluation is desired for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Therefore, this retrospective study aimed to investigate the radiation dose of dual-source CT using a spectral shaping technique and the accuracy of the thoracic pedicle screw (TPS) placement for posterior spinal fusion (PSF) in patients with AIS.
METHODS
Fifty-nine female patients with thoracic AIS who underwent PSF using CT-guided TPSs were included and divided into two groups comprised of 23 patients who underwent dual-source CT (DSCT) with a tin filter (DSCT group) and 36 who underwent conventional multislice CT (MSCT group). We assessed the CT radiation dose using the CT dose index (CTDI), effective dose (ED), and accuracy of TPS insertion according to the established Neo's classification.
RESULTS
The DSCT and MSCT groups differed significantly (p < 0.001) in the mean CTDI (0.76 vs. 3.31 mGy, respectively) and ED (0.77 vs. 3.47 mSv, respectively). Although the correction rate of the main thoracic curve in the DSCT group was lower (65.7% vs. 71.2%) (p = 0.0126), the TPS accuracy (Grades 0-1) was similar in both groups (381 screws [88.8%] vs. 600 screws [88.4%], respectively) (p = 0.8133). No patient required replacement of malpositioned screws.
CONCLUSION
Spectral shaping DSCT with a tube-based tin filter allowed a 75% radiation dose reduction while achieving TPS insertion accuracy similar to procedures based on conventional CT without spectral shaping.
Topics: Humans; Adolescent; Female; Child; Retrospective Studies; Scoliosis; Tin; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Dioctyl Sulfosuccinic Acid; Phenolphthalein
PubMed: 38233628
DOI: 10.1007/s00586-023-08006-7