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Journal of Environmental Management Jan 2024In this study, a new porous nanocomposite adsorbent for water conservancy was synthesized using the freeze-drying technique to adsorb a cationic dye (Methylene Blue) in...
Synthesis and characterization of Alg/Gel/n-HAP/MNPs porous nanocomposite adsorbent for efficient water conservancy and removal of methylene blue in aqueous environments: Kinetic modeling and artificial neural network predictions.
In this study, a new porous nanocomposite adsorbent for water conservancy was synthesized using the freeze-drying technique to adsorb a cationic dye (Methylene Blue) in an aqueous environment. The nanocomposite adsorbent was synthesized using natural polymers, gelatin, and sodium alginate, and hydroxyapatite and magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles was incorporated into the polymer network to improve mechanical properties and increase the surface-to-volume ratio. To confirm the structure and morphology of the sample, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) techniques were employed. In addition, the magnetic properties of the synthesis of MNPs and porous nanocomposite were determined using value stream mapping (VSM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The adsorption of Methylene Blue (MB) was studied as a function of effective physical and variable parameters, such as time, temperature, pH, and initial concentration. The synthesized porous nanocomposite adsorbent exhibited a high adsorption capacity of 473.2 mg g and followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. Additionally, the maximum adsorption capacity was observed at an initial concentration of 534.9 mg g. The adsorbent was also sensitive to temperature changes and was well-described thermodynamically and isothermally by the Freundlich isotherm model. Two artificial neural networks (ANNs) were also developed to investigate the properties of the synthesized nanocomposites. In the first ANN, the properties of the nanocomposites, including pore size, porosity, compressive strength, and elastic modulus, were predicted based on the variations in the weight percentages of gelatin and hydroxyapatite. In the second ANN, the effects of changes in temperature and initial concentration on the adsorption of MB by the synthesized nanocomposite samples were predicted. The ANNs' predictions indicated that increasing the weight percentage of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and gelatin enhances the physical, mechanical, and adsorption performance of the synthesized porous nanocomposites. The best results were achieved for the sample containing 40 wt % of gelatin and 30 wt % of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles. Furthermore, the ANN models demonstrated that increasing the temperature and initial concentration resulted in an increase in the amount of MB adsorbed.
Topics: Water; Methylene Blue; Porosity; Gelatin; Neural Networks, Computer; Nanocomposites; Adsorption; Hydroxyapatites; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Kinetics; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
PubMed: 37918240
DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119446 -
Chemosphere Oct 2023Dyestuff wastewater and pharmaceutical wastewater have become typical representatives of water pollution. In this study, a novel nano-silica-biochar composite (NSBC) was...
Dyestuff wastewater and pharmaceutical wastewater have become typical representatives of water pollution. In this study, a novel nano-silica-biochar composite (NSBC) was synthesized based on corn straw as raw material, by a combination of ball milling, pyrolysis and KOH activation. The modified biochar with rough surface had higher specific surface area (117.67-132.82 m/g), developed pore structure (0.12-0.15 cm/g) and abundant surface functional groups (-OH, -COOH, Si-O and aromatic CC were dominated). These provided abundant active sites for the adsorption of pollutants. The adsorption capacities of NSBC for Methylene Blue (MB) and Tetracycline (TC) were both higher than that of other similar products, the maximum adsorption capacity of Langmuir were 247.22 and 86.95 mg/g, respectively. After five adsorption-desorption cycle experiments, the adsorption capacities of NSBC for both were still excellent, reaching 99.30 and 19.87 mg/g, respectively. Due to the different structure and molecular size of MB and TC, the adsorption capacities of NSBC were significantly different, especially the influence of solution pH value. The adsorption mechanisms were comprehensively discussed by FTIR and XPS of the samples before and after adsorption, and combining experimental results of BET and simultaneously, which were manifested as monolayer chemisorption, specifically surface complexation, hydrogen bonding, n-π/π-π conjugation, electrostatic interaction and pore filling.
Topics: Methylene Blue; Silicon Dioxide; Wastewater; Adsorption; Charcoal; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Tetracycline; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Kinetics
PubMed: 37399993
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139395 -
Chemosphere Oct 2023The presence of dyes in contaminated water poses substantial dangers to the health of both humans and aquatic life. A process called precipitation polymerization was...
The presence of dyes in contaminated water poses substantial dangers to the health of both humans and aquatic life. A process called precipitation polymerization was used to create unique cross-linked hexa-chlorocyclotriphosphazene-co-phenolphthalein (Hex-CCP-co-PPT) microspheres for the purpose of this research. Advanced methods such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential thermogravimetry (DTG) were used to characterise these microspheres. In a simulated solution, the performance of Hex-CCP-co-PPTs as a sorbent for removing MB dye was investigated, and the results showed an unprecedentedly high removal rate of 88.4% for MB. Temperature of 25 °C, a Hex-CCP-co-PPTs dose of 40 mg, an MB concentration of 20 ppm, an MB solution volume of 20 mL, a contact time of 40 min, and a pH of 9 were found to be the optimal experimental conditions. According to the results of the kinetic and adsorption analyses, the PSO and Langmuir adsorption models are the best ones to use. These models favour the chemi-sorption nature and mono-layered adsorption of MB in comparison to Hex-CCP-co-PPTs. Importantly, the thermodynamic analysis demonstrated that the process of removing MB by utilizing Hex-CCP-co-PPTs was endothermic and occurred spontaneously. These findings highlight the potential application of Hex-CCP-co-PPT microspheres in Algal Membrane Bioreactors (AMBRs) for the efficient and sustainable removal of dye from wastewater. This would contribute to the protection of ecosystems as well as the public's health.
Topics: Humans; Wastewater; Coloring Agents; Microspheres; Ecosystem; Methylene Blue; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Thermodynamics; Adsorption; Kinetics; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
PubMed: 37499806
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139637 -
Viruses Dec 2023Coronaviruses (CoVs) belong to the group of enveloped positive-sense single-strand RNA viruses and are causative agents of respiratory, gastro-intestinal, and central...
Coronaviruses (CoVs) belong to the group of enveloped positive-sense single-strand RNA viruses and are causative agents of respiratory, gastro-intestinal, and central nervous systems diseases in many host species, i.e., birds, mammals, and humans. Beta-CoVs revealed a great potential to cross the barrier between species by causing three epidemics/pandemics among humans in the 21st century. Considering the urgent need for powerful antiviral agents for decontamination, prevention, and treatment of BCoV infections, we turned our attention to the possibility of photodynamic inactivation with photosensitizers in combination with light irradiation. In the present study, we evaluated, for the first time, the antiviral activity of toluidine blue O (TBO) against Beta-coronavirus 1 (BCoV) in comparison to methylene blue (MB). First, we determined the in vitro cytotoxicity of MB and TBO on the Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cell line with ISO10993-5/Annex C. Thereafter, BCoV was propagated in MDBK cells, and the virus titer was measured with digital droplet PCR, TCID assay and plaque assay. The antiviral activity of non-toxic concentrations of TBO was estimated using the direct inactivation approach. All effects were calculated in MAPLE 15 mathematical software by developing programs for non-linear modeling and response surface analysis. The median inhibitory concentration () of TBO after 72 h of incubation in MDBK cells was 0.85 µM. The antiviral activity of TBO after the direct inactivation of BCoV ( = 1) was significantly stronger than that of MB. The median effective concentration (EC) of TBO was 0.005 µM. The cytopathic effect decreased in a concentration-dependent manner, from 0.0025 to 0.01 µM, and disappeared fully at concentrations between 0.02 and 0.3 µM of TBO. The number of virus particles also decreased, depending on the concentration applied, as proven by ddPCR analysis. In conclusion, TBO exhibits significant potential for direct inactivation of BCoV in vitro, with a very high selectivity index, and should be subjected to further investigation, aiming at its application in veterinary and/or human medical practice.
Topics: Humans; Cattle; Animals; Coronavirus, Bovine; Photosensitizing Agents; Tolonium Chloride; Coronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; Methylene Blue; Pandemics; Antiviral Agents; Mammals
PubMed: 38257748
DOI: 10.3390/v16010048 -
International Journal of Biological... May 2024This study characterized four corrole derivatives, namely Cbz-Cor, MetCbz-Cor, PTz-Cor, and PTzEt-Cor, examining their photophysical, electrochemical, photobiological,...
This study characterized four corrole derivatives, namely Cbz-Cor, MetCbz-Cor, PTz-Cor, and PTzEt-Cor, examining their photophysical, electrochemical, photobiological, and biomolecule-binding properties. Experimental photophysical data of absorption and emission elements correlated with a theoretical analysis obtained through time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT). As for the photophysical properties, we observed lower fluorescence quantum yields and discernible differences between the excited and ground states, as indicated by Stokes shift values. Natural Transition Orbit (NTO) plots presented high occupied molecular orbital - low unoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO-LUMO) densities around the tetrapyrrolic macrocycle in all examples. Our findings demonstrate that corroles maintain stability in solution and offer photostability (<20 %), predominantly in DMSO(5 %)/Tris-HCl (pH 7.4) buffer solution. Furthermore, the singlet oxygen (O) quantum yield and log P values underscore their potential application in photoinactivation approaches, as these corroles serve as effective ROS generators with more lipophilic features. We also evaluated their biomolecular binding capacity towards salmon sperm DNA and human serum albumin using spectroscopic techniques and molecular docking analysis for sustenance. Concerning biomolecule interaction profiles, the corrole derivatives showed a propensity for interacting in the minor grooves of the double helix DNA due to secondary forces, which were more pronounced in site III of the human serum protein.
Topics: DNA; Phenothiazines; Humans; Carbazoles; Serum Albumin, Human; Porphyrins; Animals; Protein Binding; Salmon; Molecular Docking Simulation; Singlet Oxygen
PubMed: 38670207
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131861 -
Environmental Research Jul 2023The complexity of the chemistry behind the hydrothermal conversion is enormous. Components interact with their own physical and chemical structure, making it harsh to...
The complexity of the chemistry behind the hydrothermal conversion is enormous. Components interact with their own physical and chemical structure, making it harsh to understand the conversion as a whole. Herein, the six-water recirculation and loading nano SiO experiment in a one-pot hydrothermal carbonization procedure was designed to elucidate the mechanism of regulating the functional groups and microporous structure of the hydrochar surface. The hydrochar prepared by the second circulating liquid and loading nano-SiO (HBC-R2/Si) was equipped most enriched functional groups (carboxyl = 11.48 μmol/g, phenolic hydroxyl = 52.98 μmol/g, lactone groups = 46.52 μmol/g) and suitable pore size (1.90 nm-1.93 nm) as a sorbent riched in hemicellulose. The sorption kinetics (equilibrium reached ≈ 480 min) are approximately evenly fitted by the pseudo-second-order, Weber and Morris, and Elovich models, indicating that membranes and particles diffusion, pore diffusion, and surface sorption coexisted in the sorption of methylene blue (MB) on the hydrochar materials. Simultaneously, all hydrochar materials achieved over 25% MB removal within 90 min (liquid membrane diffusion) and over 40% for HBC-R2 and HBC-R2/Si, suggesting that liquid membrane diffusion is the predominant rate-limiting step. Pearson's correlation analysis and Mantel's analysis announced that the cation exchange capacity (CEC), pore size, and carboxyl groups on the hemicellulose affect the sorption capacity by limiting the pore diffusion procedure. However, the CEC and the phenolic hydroxyl groups on the cellulose and hemicellulose affect the sorption rate by limiting membrane diffusion. Three consecutive sorption/desorption cycles confirmed the high stability and reusability of HBC-R2/Si composites.
Topics: Carbon; Cellulose; Kinetics; Methylene Blue; Surface Properties; Adsorption
PubMed: 37127106
DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116003 -
Journal of Materials Chemistry. B Nov 2023We have developed a targeted nano-drug delivery system that effectively harnesses the anti-tumor properties of trifluoperazine (TFP), while concurrently mitigating its...
We have developed a targeted nano-drug delivery system that effectively harnesses the anti-tumor properties of trifluoperazine (TFP), while concurrently mitigating its side effects on the central nervous system. The manufacturing process entailed the preparation of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN-NH), followed by the loading of trifluoperazine into the pores of MSN-NH and then surface modification with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and anisamide (AA), resulting in the formation of TFP@MSN@PEG-AA (abbreviated as TMPA) nanoparticles. and anti-tumor activity and hemolysis experiments showed that TMPA had an excellent safety profile and a good anti-tumor effect. Importantly, the drug content of the TMPA nanoparticle group was found to be significantly lower than that of the TFP group in the mouse brain tissue as determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) detection. Therefore, the developed drug delivery system achieved the goal of maintaining TFP's anti-tumor action while avoiding its negative effects on the central nervous system.
Topics: Mice; Animals; Silicon Dioxide; Trifluoperazine; Drug Delivery Systems; Nanoparticles; Neoplasms
PubMed: 37876312
DOI: 10.1039/d3tb01472j -
Chemosphere May 2024
Topics: Methylene Blue; Environmental Restoration and Remediation; Adsorption
PubMed: 38685645
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142002 -
Journal of Environmental Management Oct 2023The rich pore structure and carbon structure of lignite make it a suitable adsorbent for effectively removing methylene blue (MB) from wastewater. This article reports...
The rich pore structure and carbon structure of lignite make it a suitable adsorbent for effectively removing methylene blue (MB) from wastewater. This article reports the preparation of lignite-based adsorbents modified by magnesium salts, and the key factors and adsorption mechanism are analyzed to effectively improve the adsorption performance for MB. The results showed that the lignite was modified by magnesium salts, and the Mg in the magnesium salts had a good binding effect on the oxygen-containing functional groups in the lignite. This improved the adsorption performance of the lignite-based adsorbents for MB. The Mg(NO)-modified lignite-based adsorbent showed the best adsorption performance and removal rate of MB (99.33%) when prepared with 8 wt % Mg(NO). Characterization analysis showed that a "-COOMg" structure was formed between Mg in the magnesium salts and the carboxylic acid functional group in the lignite, which was postulated to be the absorption site that promoted the adsorption performance for MB. It is speculated that the MB adsorption mechanism of this lignite-based adsorbent is ion exchange.
Topics: Methylene Blue; Magnesium; Adsorption; Coal; Salts; Kinetics; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
PubMed: 37487308
DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118514 -
Journal of Materials Chemistry. B Nov 2023A nanocomposite of (2-aminoethyl)piperazine ligand substituted with zinc(II) tetra carboxylic acid phthalocyanine (ZnTEPZCAPC) and MWCNTs was constructed and employed to...
A novel MWCNT-encapsulated (2-aminoethyl)piperazine-decorated zinc(II) phthalocyanine composite: development of an electrochemical sensor for detecting the antipsychotic drug promazine in environmental samples.
A nanocomposite of (2-aminoethyl)piperazine ligand substituted with zinc(II) tetra carboxylic acid phthalocyanine (ZnTEPZCAPC) and MWCNTs was constructed and employed to develop an electrochemical sensor with outstanding sensitivity and a low detection limit. The macrocyclic complex ZnTEPZCAPC was first synthesized and then employed for the electrochemical determination of the antipsychotic drug promazine (PMZ). The as-prepared ZnTEPZCAPC and MWCNT nanocomposite was characterized using different techniques, such as Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Further, the prepared ZnTEPZCAPC@MWCNT nanocomposites were modified on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) surface, and the electrochemical activity was investigated using cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and chronoamperometry (CA) tests in pH 7.0 phosphate buffer solution (PBS) in the potential window of 0.0-1 V. The ZnTEPZCAPC@MWCNTs displayed a superior electrochemical performance because of their high electrochemical active surface area (0.453 cm), good conductivity, and a synergetic effect. The developed electrochemical sensor exhibited a broad linear range of 0.05-635 μM and the lowest detection limit of 0.0125 nM, as well as excellent sensitivity, repeatability, and reproducibility. Finally, the fabricated sensor was successively used for the real-time detection of PMZ in environmental and biological samples and displayed feasible recoveries.
Topics: Antipsychotic Agents; Promazine; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Reproducibility of Results; Zinc; Piperazines
PubMed: 37917006
DOI: 10.1039/d3tb01859h