-
Spectrochimica Acta. Part A, Molecular... Jan 2024A fluorescent probe has been designed using cyanine phenothiazine and 7-nitro-1,2,3-benzoxadiazole (NBD) for selective detection of Cys-SO components. The probe utilizes...
A fluorescent probe has been designed using cyanine phenothiazine and 7-nitro-1,2,3-benzoxadiazole (NBD) for selective detection of Cys-SO components. The probe utilizes the NBD structure to achieve specificity towards Cys and employs a reaction mechanism between the double bond of cyanine and phenothiazine with SO to achieve selectivity towards SO. Importantly, the NBPI phenothiazine structure incorporates a large C-O bond energy attached to NBD, effectively eliminating interference from Hcy and ensuring highly selective response to Cys. The optimized design of the probe enables excellent linearity and extremely low detection limits for Cys-SO components in vitro experiments. The probe NBPI allows separate detection of Cys-SO in the presence of both components. Furthermore, the probe NBPI demonstrated successful imaging of endogenous and exogenous Cys and SO in cell studies.
Topics: Humans; Fluorescent Dyes; Cysteine; Optical Imaging; Microscopy, Confocal; Phenothiazines; HeLa Cells; Glutathione; Homocysteine
PubMed: 37813089
DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123494 -
Prehemolytic impact of phenothiazine drugs on the attachment of spectrin network in red blood cells.Folia Medica Oct 2023Chlorpromazine, thioridazine, and trifluoperazine are phenothiazine drugs that cause colloid-osmotic hemolysis of human erythrocytes by unknown mechanism. To clarify...
Chlorpromazine, thioridazine, and trifluoperazine are phenothiazine drugs that cause colloid-osmotic hemolysis of human erythrocytes by unknown mechanism. To clarify this mechanism, the impact of these drugs on the βsp (1.4 MHz) and γ1sp (9 MHz) dielectric relaxations was investigated. Each relaxation was shown to reduce its strength on the severing specific bridge that connects the spectrin network with the lipid membrane. For βsp relaxation, this is the spectrin-actin-glycophorin C bridge while for γ1sp relaxation this is the spectrin-ankyrin-band 3 bridge.
Topics: Humans; Spectrin; Erythrocyte Membrane; Erythrocytes; Glycophorins; Phenothiazines
PubMed: 38351761
DOI: 10.3897/folmed.65.e97410 -
Journal of the American Veterinary... Nov 2023To evaluate sedative and behavioral effects of a client-administered preappointment protocol with PO gabapentin and melatonin and oral-transmucosal acepromazine (GMA...
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate sedative and behavioral effects of a client-administered preappointment protocol with PO gabapentin and melatonin and oral-transmucosal acepromazine (GMA protocol).
ANIMALS
45 client-owned dogs between 1 and 12 years old that underwent standardize examinations between February and August 2021.
METHODS
In this clinical trial, dogs with a history of anxiety, fearfulness, and/or aggression during hospital visits were assessed and videotaped before (baseline) and after administration of the GMA protocol. For the second visit, owners administered PO gabapentin (20 to 25 mg/kg) in the evening prior to the next visit and PO gabapentin (20 to 25 mg/kg), PO melatonin (3 to 5 mg/dog), and oral-transmucosal acepromazine (0.05 mg/kg) 90 to 120 minutes prior to the second appointment. Examinations were performed, and behavioral stress and sedation levels were evaluated with semiquantitative rating scales. Randomized videos were analyzed, and a paired t test was used to compare stress and sedation scores between baseline and GMA. A Pearson correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the effect of age on the scores.
RESULTS
Stress scores were significantly lower after the GMA protocol, and sedation scores were significantly higher when compared to baseline (21.84 vs 27.11 and 1.39 vs 0.68, respectively). A significant correlation between increasing age and lower stress scores post-GMA and higher sedation scores post-GMA were observed.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Preappointment administration of the GMA protocol reduced signs of stress, fear, and fear-based aggression during hospital visits and provided sedation in this dog population. This protocol could represent an adjunct tool for veterinarians to improve quality of care and reduce animal-related injury.
Topics: Humans; Dogs; Animals; Gabapentin; Acepromazine; Melatonin; Aggression; Prospective Studies; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Anxiety; Hospitals
PubMed: 37495226
DOI: 10.2460/javma.23.02.0067 -
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Oct 2023Calix[4]arene/polyurethane (C4PU) has been synthesized and characterized as an alternative adsorbent for the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) and malachite green (MG)...
Calix[4]arene/polyurethane (C4PU) has been synthesized and characterized as an alternative adsorbent for the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) and malachite green (MG) dyes from the aqueous solution. C4PU was synthesized by reacting p-tert-butyl calix[4]arene with hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) as the cross-linking agent. Different polymer ratios were synthesized, and C4PU-4 shows better adsorption than other ratios. The polymer was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, and point of zero charges (pH). The isotherms and kinetics of the adsorption of MB and MG were studied under a range of experimental conditions, including pH, adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration, and contact time. The adsorption was determined by the adsorption percentage of MB and MG dyes from the solution. The Langmuir isotherm model best describes the adsorption process for both dyes, and it follows a pseudo-second-order kinetic model, with the maximum adsorption capacity (q) of MB and MG, respectively, was found to be 1.991 mg·g and 2.240 mg·g.
Topics: Coloring Agents; Polyurethanes; Adsorption; Environmental Monitoring; Methylene Blue; Kinetics; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
PubMed: 37828347
DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11909-z -
Analytical Chemistry Feb 2024The Janus interface, comprising multiple functional heterointerfaces with contrasting functionalities within a single interface, has recently garnered widespread...
The Janus interface, comprising multiple functional heterointerfaces with contrasting functionalities within a single interface, has recently garnered widespread research interest. Herein, a Janus biosensing interface is obtained via wavelength-resolved laser illumination. Deoxyribonucleic acid bridges the electrochemical probe of methylene blue (MB) and plasmonic gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), achieving a sensitive detection performance. MB shows differential electrochemical signals under front () and back () laser illumination at 532 and 650 nm, respectively, owing to the selective wavelength-resolved effect. Thus, the presence of a wavelength-resolved laser enabled the design of a biosensing interface with Janus properties. The change in the distance between MB and AuNPs induced by aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) indicates that a sensitive response of the Janus biosensing interface can be achieved. A ratiometric strategy is introduced to describe the electrochemical signals of the and for improved robustness. The obtained linear range is 0.0005-50 ng mL, with a detection limit of 0.175 pg mL. Our study demonstrated that the wavelength-resolved Janus interface enables an electrochemical biosensor with excellent sensitivity. This finding provides an efficient approach for improving biosensor performance.
Topics: Gold; Electrochemical Techniques; Metal Nanoparticles; Light; Biosensing Techniques; Aflatoxin B1; Methylene Blue; Limit of Detection; Aptamers, Nucleotide
PubMed: 38294965
DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05063 -
Clinical Laboratory Feb 2024Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most common infections in adults, and urine culture is the parameter that uses the most time and cost in microbiology...
BACKGROUND
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most common infections in adults, and urine culture is the parameter that uses the most time and cost in microbiology laboratories. For this reason, the selection of fast and cost-effective methods in the evaluation of urine samples is one of the priority issues of microbiology laboratories. The aim of this study was to investigate the compatibility and cost-effectiveness of routinely used Blood Agar (BA), Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB) medium, and CHROMagar Orientation Medium (CO Medium) in the identification of microorganisms in urine samples.
METHODS
Consecutive urine samples (n: 700) sent to our laboratory were simultaneously inoculated onto BA/EMB media and CO medium. Urine samples were evaluated after 18 - 24 hours of incubation at 37℃ and the compatibility of the two methods was compared. The use of 104 Gram stains, 198 biochemical tests, and 9 identification kits was required with BA/EMB agar.
RESULTS
When 104 colonies with single growth were evaluated, presumptive identification with CO medium was found to be 100% compatible with the VITEK 2 system. The most isolated 62 Escherichia coli (E. coli) colonies gave dark pink-red color and were found to be fully compatible with the VITEK 2 system. Compatibility of BA and EMB medium evaluations with VITEK 2 system; E. coli (n: 62), KES group (n: 26), Pseudomonas spp. (n: 6) and Proteus spp. For (n: 2), it was determined as 69.3%, 57.69%, 100%, and 100%, respectively. According to the results of our study, when BA/EMB and CO Medium methods were compared, 182 Euro (€) savings were achieved in 700 urine cultures with CO Medium. It was estimated that the amount of savings could be 15,600 € per year.
CONCLUSIONS
CHROMagar Orientation Medium method can be used routinely with its advantages such as being cost-effective, reducing the workload, and not requiring additional operations. CHROMagar Orientation Medium can also be considered as an easily accessible method and opportunity that does not require infrastructure and trained personnel, especially for laboratories with low test capacity and having problems with the supply of com-mercial kits and automated systems.
Topics: Humans; Agar; Escherichia coli; Culture Media; Urinary Tract Infections; Methylene Blue
PubMed: 38345982
DOI: 10.7754/Clin.Lab.2023.230717 -
Head & Face Medicine Jul 2023To evaluate the quantity and quality of bone in the newly formed edentulous area produced by the orthodontic implant site-switching technique.
BACKGROUND
To evaluate the quantity and quality of bone in the newly formed edentulous area produced by the orthodontic implant site-switching technique.
METHODS
The bilateral maxillary first premolars of five beagle dogs were extracted and bone defects were created. The right and left sides of the maxilla were randomly divided into control and experimental sides. On the experimental side, the maxillary second premolar was mesially moved into the position of the missing first premolar. On the control side, the second maxillary premolar was extracted. Six months later, the beagles were euthanized. Microcomputer tomography was used to analyze bone microstructure parameters, alveolar bone height and alveolar bone width of the regenerated bone. Histological analysis was performed by staining tissue sections with toluidine blue.
RESULTS
Median BV/TV values in the experimental group (81.78%) were significantly larger than those in the control group (35.67%; p = 0.04). Median Tb.Sp values in the experimental group (0.14 mm) were significantly lower than those in the control group (0.54 mm; p = 0.04). Median Tb.Th values in the experimental group (0.48 mm) were significantly higher than those in the control group (0.21 mm; p = 0.04). Median Tb.Pf values in the experimental group (0.65/mm) were significantly lower than those in the control group (3.15/mm; p = 0.04). There was no significant difference in the trabecular number (Tb.N) between the two groups (p = 0.23). The median alveolar bone height values in the experimental group (-0.81 mm) were significantly higher than those in the control group (-2.11 mm; p = 0.04) at a distance 5 mm from the mesial CEJ of the third premolar. The median alveolar bone height values in the experimental group (0.45 mm) were significantly higher than those in the control group (-1.70 mm; p = 0.04) at a distance 6 mm from the mesial CEJ of the third premolar. There was no significant difference in alveolar bone width when compared between the two groups (p > 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
The newly formed edentulous area created by orthodontic treatment had more compact and thicker trabeculae than the extraction socket. Furthermore, the newly formed edentulous area had a greater alveolar bone height available for the placement of implants.
Topics: Dogs; Animals; Tolonium Chloride; Mouth, Edentulous; Maxilla
PubMed: 37452379
DOI: 10.1186/s13005-023-00373-2 -
Analytical Methods : Advancing Methods... Sep 2023Acepromazine (ACP) is a phenothiazine derivative drug commonly used as a tranquilizer veterinary medication due to its sedative properties. Benefiting from sedative...
Acepromazine (ACP) is a phenothiazine derivative drug commonly used as a tranquilizer veterinary medication due to its sedative properties. Benefiting from sedative properties, ACP has emerged as a drug of abuse and has been associated with drug-facilitated sexual assaults. Herein, we report, for the first time, the electrochemical behavior of ACP using a miniaturized and environmentally friendly laser-scribed graphene-based (LSG) sensor fabricated on a polyetherimide (PEI) substrate. The LSG device presented high porosity, as demonstrated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements of the PEI-LSG electrode confirmed the enhanced electroactive area (3.1-fold increase) caused by the rough surface and revealed a low charge transfer resistance of the electrode material, with a heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant () of 8.66 × 10 cm s for potassium ferricyanide redox probe. A simple and accurate method was applied to quantify ACP by using square wave voltammetry (SWV) under optimized experimental conditions, which exhibited high sensitivity (0.686 ± 0.008 A L mol cm) and a low limit of detection (LOD) of 7.43 × 10 mol L, with a linear concentration ranging from 0.5 to 100 μmol L ACP. Aiming for on-site analysis, the PEI-LSG sensor was integrated with a miniaturized potentiostat controlled by using a smartphone and applied as proof of applicability to ACP detection in commercial beverage and synthetic urine samples. These studies demonstrated adequate recoveries, ranging from 95.1% to 115.8%. The analytical parameters highlight the robustness and reliability of the proposed method for analyses of ACP directly at a potential crime scene.
Topics: Acepromazine; Graphite; Reproducibility of Results; Antipsychotic Agents; Hypnotics and Sedatives
PubMed: 37644817
DOI: 10.1039/d3ay00815k -
Mikrochimica Acta Aug 2023A highly sensitive and rapid electrochemical sensor was developed for detecting melatonin using a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) with methylene blue as the...
A highly sensitive and rapid electrochemical sensor was developed for detecting melatonin using a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) with methylene blue as the functional monomer and melatonin as the template. The MIP was synthesized via a simple electropolymerization process that did not require an initiating reagent. The sensor demonstrated good selectivity for melatonin against common interferences such as lactate, cytosine, cytidine, urea, ascorbic acid, creatine, creatinine, serotonin, and tryptophan. Melatonin detection was achieved at a potential of 0.60 V vs. Ag/AgCl with a sensitivity of 138.8 ± 4.7 µA µM in the linear range 0.097 - 200 µM and a limit of detection of 29 nM (3S/m). The sensor exhibited excellent reproducibility and repeatability for both within (intra) and between (inter) electrodes (%RSD < 3% for n = 3). The sensor was applied to authentic urine and saliva samples with recoveries of 103 ± 1% and 102 ± 1%, respectively.
Topics: Molecularly Imprinted Polymers; Polymers; Melatonin; Methylene Blue; Molecular Imprinting; Reproducibility of Results; Saliva
PubMed: 37566143
DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-05930-9 -
Journal of Applied Oral Science :... 2024To evaluate whether antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) repairs bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) modulated by the reduction of NF-kB protein...
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate whether antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) repairs bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) modulated by the reduction of NF-kB protein in a murine model.
METHODOLOGY
Male Wistar rats (N=30) were divided into the following groups (n=6/group): negative control (NC); experimental osteonecrosis (ONE); ONE + photosensitizer (PS); ONE + photobiomodulation (PBM); and ONE + aPDT. Over 8 weeks, ONE was induced by zoledronic acid 250 µg/kg injections, except in the NC group, which received sterile 0.9% saline, followed by extraction of the lower left first molar. Red light laser irradiation (wavelength ~660 nm, power 50 mW, energy of 2 J, energy dose of 66.67 J/cm2 for 40 s) was performed once a week for 4 weeks. Methylene blue 0.3% was used as PS. The animals were euthanized and examined macroscopically for the presence of exposed bone and epithelial repair and microscopically by histochemical (hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome staining) and immunohistochemical (anti-NF-kB) methods. Macroscopic and histomorphometric data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-test (p<0.05).
RESULTS
Mucosal repair, viable osteocytes, and NF-kB immunostaining were observed in the NC, ONE+PS, ONE+PBM, and ONE+aPDT groups. The ONE group showed no mucosal repair, showing empty lacunae and multifocal immunostaining for NF-kB. The ONE+PBM and ONE+aPDT groups had greater deposition of extracellular matrix and less necrotic bone tissue (p<0.05).
CONCLUSION
PBM and aPDT treatments for BRONJ were effective for bone and epithelial repair, in addition to reducing inflammation mediated by the decrease of NF-kB protein in the irradiated regions.
Topics: Animals; Rats, Wistar; Male; Photochemotherapy; Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw; NF-kappa B; Photosensitizing Agents; Immunohistochemistry; Disease Models, Animal; Time Factors; Reproducibility of Results; Zoledronic Acid; Treatment Outcome; Imidazoles; Diphosphonates; Low-Level Light Therapy; Methylene Blue; Analysis of Variance; Random Allocation; Bone Density Conservation Agents
PubMed: 38695448
DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2023-0447