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Environmental Research Dec 2023The lack of crystallinity of the aerogel materials has limited their significance which otherwise have found huge potential in wide variety of applications. In current...
The lack of crystallinity of the aerogel materials has limited their significance which otherwise have found huge potential in wide variety of applications. In current work, we have developed TiO aerogels by solid-state gelation method using commercially available P25 and ST-01 (commercial Ishihara TiO Powder). The lack of crystallinity in the aerogel framework was resolved via utilizing crystalline TiO nanoparticles and the phase transformation was assessed as a function of phase composition. Via controlled solid-state gelation, surface area retention of 88.7% was achieved whereas the rutile-to-anatase weight fraction (W) was considerably enhanced to 0.50. Interestingly, the phase transformation occurred only in P25, which suggests the mixed phase (anatase + rutile) composition as prerequisite for successful phase transformation. Favorably, TiO aerogels imbibe high degree of oxygen vacancies (Vo) responsible for photocatalytic applications. Interestingly, Vo induction is higher for the TiO with anatase phase composition (ST-01) followed by the sample with mixed phase composition (P25). The developed TiO aerogel photocatalysts were employed to dye degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) and Methylene Blue (MB). The samples attained 94.8% and 96.8% degradation efficiency within 15 min for RhB and MB with nearly 2-fold improvement in the photocatalytic efficiency compared to parent P25 TiO respectively.
Topics: Catalysis; Titanium; Nanoparticles; Methylene Blue
PubMed: 37838191
DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117409 -
Environmental Research Oct 2023Textile and pharmaceutical effluents contain significant amounts of dyes and antibiotics, which pose a serious threat to the ecosystem when discharged directly....
Simultaneous adsorption of methylene blue and amoxicillin by starch-impregnated MgAl layered double hydroxide: Parametric optimization, isothermal studies and thermo-kinetic analysis.
Textile and pharmaceutical effluents contain significant amounts of dyes and antibiotics, which pose a serious threat to the ecosystem when discharged directly. Therefore, they should be treated by facile treatment techniques using low-cost materials. Layered double hydroxide (LDH) and its hybrids have emerged as robust and economic adsorbents for water treatment. Herein, magnesium/aluminum LDH and its starch-based composite were synthesized by a co-precipitation technique. The physicochemical features of the developed adsorbents were thoroughly characterized using various analytical tools. The developed materials were tested for the eradication of methylene blue (MB) and amoxicillin (AMX) in batch mode adsorption by varying operating conditions. Adsorption performance depends on the solution's pH. Under optimum adsorption conditions of pH 11, adsorbent dosage of 50 mg/L, and treatment time of 120 min, starch-impregnated MgAl-LDH exhibited maximum MB and AMX adsorption capacities of 114.94 and 48.08 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption mechanism states that hydrogen bonds and weak van der Waals forces are responsible for the removal of pollutants by the developed materials. Moreover, equilibrium and kinetic studies revealed that the removal of dye and antibiotic followed the Freundlich and Langmuir models with the pseudo-second-order reaction kinetics, respectively. The spent adsorbents were regenerated using 0.1 M HCl (for MB) and methanol (for AMX) eluent, and reusability studies ensured that the developed adsorbents retained their performance for up to four consecutive adsorption/desorption cycles. MgAl-LDH and its starch-based hybrid could thus be used to effectively remove organic contaminants from wastewater streams on a commercial scale.
Topics: Kinetics; Methylene Blue; Adsorption; Amoxicillin; Ecosystem; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Hydroxides; Coloring Agents; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
PubMed: 37437872
DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116610 -
Translational Vision Science &... Oct 2023This study aimed to establish a mouse model of chlorpromazine-induced corneal trigeminal denervation (CCTD).
PURPOSE
This study aimed to establish a mouse model of chlorpromazine-induced corneal trigeminal denervation (CCTD).
METHODS
Retrobulbar chlorpromazine injections were administered to 6- to 8-week-old C57BL/6j mice to induce corneal denervation. Additionally, apoptosis was assessed in isolated primary trigeminal ganglion cells after culturing in a conditioned medium containing chlorpromazine. Finally, the success rate of model generation, mortality and complication rates, and model-preparation learning curves were compared between the CCTD model and the electrocoagulation and axotomy models.
RESULTS
Chlorpromazine retrobulbar injections resulted in trigeminal denervation, leading to a reduced blink reflex, corneal nerve density, and corneal epithelium thickness. Furthermore, 90% (9/10) of the mice developed epithelial defects, accompanied by increased apoptosis and inhibited proliferation of corneal epithelial cells. In vitro, trigeminal ganglion cell apoptosis increased after culturing in a conditioned medium containing chlorpromazine. Moreover, the CCTD model exhibited a higher success rate, longer survival rate, and lower complication rate compared to the electrocoagulation and axotomy models. Crucially, the learning curve demonstrated that the method used to generate the CCTD model was easy to learn.
CONCLUSIONS
The CCTD model is a user-friendly mouse model for studying corneal trigeminal denervation that offers a less invasive alternative to existing models.
TRANSLATIONAL RELEVANCE
The CCTD model serves as a valuable tool for investigating the functional mechanisms of corneal trigeminal nerves and their interactions with corneal cells.
Topics: Animals; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Chlorpromazine; Culture Media, Conditioned; Cornea; Disease Models, Animal; Denervation
PubMed: 37906054
DOI: 10.1167/tvst.12.10.21 -
BMC Surgery Sep 2023This study aimed to assess the effects of surgical timing and approach on operative duration, postoperative suture removal time, and postoperative recurrence rate in the...
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to assess the effects of surgical timing and approach on operative duration, postoperative suture removal time, and postoperative recurrence rate in the management of preauricular fistula. A 12-year single-center clinical observation was conducted to analyze the potential effects of different surgical strategies on these critical outcomes.
METHODS
The clinical data from 576 (782 ears) patients who underwent surgical resection for preauricular fistulas were examined in this retrospective study. The patients were classified into various groups based on differences in operative duration, surgical techniques and the use of intraoperative magnifying equipment. Furthermore, the specific data on operative duration, postoperative suture removal time, and postoperative recurrence rate were also recorded.
RESULTS
The average operative duration for 782 ears and the average time required for postoperative suture removal were determined to be (34.57 ± 4.25) min and (3.62 ± 0.76) days, respectively. Among the cases examined, recurrence occurred in 13 ears, but all of them were cured after a second surgery, resulting in a recurrence rate of 1.67% (13/782). Interestingly, the operative and postoperative suture removal time was prolonged during the infection period (P < 0.05). The postoperative recurrence rate was significantly higher in the absence of magnifying equipment, as compared to those with the use of a microscope with 2.5× magnification (P < 0.05). No statistically significant differences were noted in the recurrence rate when comparing different anesthesia methods and types of surgical incisions, as well as the intraoperative use of methylene blue, and partial removal of cartilage of the pedicle (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSION
The use of methylene blue, partial removal of the cartilage of the pedicle, and surgical incision during preauricular fistula resection did not affect the operative duration, postoperative suture removal time, and postoperative recurrence rate. Therefore, surgeons can select their preferred approaches based on their individual practices and patient-specific situations. However, the use of magnifying equipment during surgery is associated with a reduced risk of recurrence.
Topics: Humans; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome; Methylene Blue; Ear, External; Recurrence; Fistula
PubMed: 37775750
DOI: 10.1186/s12893-023-02198-x -
Chemosphere Feb 2024The present study investigated the potential of a composite prepared from kaolinite clay and moringa seedcake in removing methylene blue (MB) and acid orange-7 (AO-7)...
The present study investigated the potential of a composite prepared from kaolinite clay and moringa seedcake in removing methylene blue (MB) and acid orange-7 (AO-7) dyes from aqueous solutions using batch and column tests. The composite was modified using different chemicals during the synthesis process, and the composites were characterised using different techniques such as FTIR, SEM-EDS and XRD. Characterisation showed the presence of actively charged functional groups and porous structure on the composites prepared. Batch tests were performed to assess the effect of operating conditions such as adsorbent dosage, pH, initial dye concentration and contact time. NaOH-modified and HSO/NaOH-modified composites demonstrated the highest adsorption capacities for AO-7 and MB, respectively, and were selected for subsequent studies. The adsorption process of dye was best fitted by the Freundlich isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models suggesting that the sorption of MB and AO-7 onto the composites is a heterogeneous, multilayer chemical adsorption process. Long-term fixed-column tests were conducted with the composites to assess the impact of flow rate, bed depth and initial dye concentration on the dye removal efficiency. Optimum removals of 86 and 94%, respectively at pH 2 and pH 10 were obtained for AO-7 and MB in batch tests, along with adsorption capacities of 205.65 and 230.49 mg/g for AO-7 and MB. Results from the column tests were best explained by the Clark model and the Bed Depth-Service Time model. Competing ions impacted the removal of AO-7, while no significant effect was found for MB. The composites could be reused up to four cycles without significantly affecting the adsorption capacity. The present study thus shows the potential of the composite for removal of both the dyes.
Topics: Clay; Coloring Agents; Sodium Hydroxide; Kinetics; Adsorption; Methylene Blue; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Azo Compounds; Benzenesulfonates
PubMed: 38160948
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.141083 -
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Jul 2023Water bodies with the dye methylene blue pose serious environmental and health risks to humans. Therefore, the creation and investigation of affordable, potential... (Review)
Review
Water bodies with the dye methylene blue pose serious environmental and health risks to humans. Therefore, the creation and investigation of affordable, potential adsorbents to remove methylene blue dye from water resources as a long-term fix is one focus of the scientific community. Food plants and other carbon-source serve as a hotspot for a wider range of application on different pollutants that impact the environment and living organisms. Here, we reviewed the use of treated and untreated biosorbents made from plant waste leaves for removing the dye methylene blue from aqueous media. After being modified, activated carbon made from various plant leaves improves adsorption performance. The range of activating chemicals, activation methods, and bio-sorbent material characterisation using FTIR analysis, Barunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area, scanning electron microscope (SEM-EDX), and SEM-EDX have all been covered in this review. It has been thoroughly described how the pH solution of the methylene blue dye compares to the pH of the adsorbent surface. The presentation also includes a thorough analysis of the application of the isotherm model, kinetic model, and thermodynamic parameters. The selectivity of the adsorbent is the main focus of the adsorption kinetics and isotherm models. It has been studied how adsorption occurs, how surface area and pH affect it, and how biomass waste compares to other adsorbents. The use of biomass waste as adsorbents is both environmentally and economically advantageous, and it has been discovered to have exceptional color removal capabilities.
Topics: Humans; Methylene Blue; Adsorption; Kinetics; Environmental Monitoring; Thermodynamics; Plant Leaves; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
PubMed: 37436672
DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11432-1 -
Microbiology Spectrum Aug 2023Infections by pathogenic Acinetobacter species represent a significant burden on the health care system, despite their relative rarity, due to the difficulty of treating...
Infections by pathogenic Acinetobacter species represent a significant burden on the health care system, despite their relative rarity, due to the difficulty of treating infections through oral antibiotics. Multidrug resistance is commonly observed in clinical Acinetobacter infections and multiple molecular mechanisms have been identified for this resistance, including multidrug efflux pumps, carbapenemase enzymes, and the formation of bacterial biofilm in persistent infections. Phenothiazine compounds have been identified as a potential inhibitor of type IV pilus production in multiple Gram-negative bacterial species. Here, we report the ability of two phenothiazines to inhibit type IV pilus-dependent surface (twitching) motility and biofilm formation in multiple Acinetobacter species. Biofilm formation was inhibited in both static and continuous flow models at micromolar concentrations without significant cytotoxicity, suggesting that type IV pilus biogenesis was the primary molecular target for these compounds. These results suggest that phenothiazines may be useful lead compounds for the development of biofilm dispersal agents against Gram-negative bacterial infections. Acinetobacter infections are a growing burden on health care systems worldwide due to increasing antimicrobial resistance through multiple mechanisms. Biofilm formation is an established mechanism of antimicrobial resistance, and its inhibition has the potential to potentiate the use of existing drugs against pathogenic Acinetobacter. Additionally, as discussed in the manuscript, anti-biofilm activity by phenothiazines has the potential to help to explain their known activity against other bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Topics: Humans; Acinetobacter baumannii; Acinetobacter Infections; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Biofilms; Phenothiazines; Bacteria; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial
PubMed: 37341603
DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01023-23 -
International Journal of Biological... Jul 2023Industrial dye wastewater poses a threat to human health due to its harmful effects, and the treatment of related wastewater is receiving increasing attention. In this...
Industrial dye wastewater poses a threat to human health due to its harmful effects, and the treatment of related wastewater is receiving increasing attention. In this paper, the melamine sponge with high porosity and convenient separation was selected as matrix material, and alginate/carboxymethyl cellulose-melamine sponge composite (SA/CMC-MeS) was prepared through crosslinking strategy. Not only does the composite cleverly combined the merits of alginate and carboxymethyl cellulose, it also enhanced the adsorption performance for methylene blue (MB). The adsorption data manifested that the adsorption process of SA/CMC-MeS agreed with the Langmuir model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and theoretical maximum adsorption capacity was 230 mg/g (pH 8). The characterization results demonstrated that the adsorption mechanism was attributed to the electrostatic attraction between the carboxyl anions on the composite and the dye cations in solution. Importantly, SA/CMC-MeS could selectively separate MB from binary dye system and had positive anti-interference ability in the face of coexisting cations. After 5 times of cycles, the adsorption efficiency remained above 75 %. Based on these outstanding practical properties, this material has a potential to solve dye contamination.
Topics: Humans; Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium; Methylene Blue; Wastewater; Alginates; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Adsorption; Kinetics; Cations; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
PubMed: 37301350
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125280 -
Chemosphere Dec 2023The presence of dye pollutants in industrial wastewater poses significant environmental and health risks, necessitating effective treatment methods. The optimal...
Integrating artificial neural networks and response surface methodology for predictive modeling and mechanistic insights into the detoxification of hazardous MB and CV dyes using Saccharum officinarum L. biomass.
The presence of dye pollutants in industrial wastewater poses significant environmental and health risks, necessitating effective treatment methods. The optimal adsorption treatment of methylene blue (MB) and crystal violet (CV) dye-simulated wastewater utilising Saccharum officinarum L presents a key challenge in the selection of appropriate modelling approaches. While RSM and ANN models are frequently used, there is a noticeable knowledge gap when it comes to evaluating their relative strengths and weaknesses in this context. The study compared the predictive abilities of response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) for the adsorption treatment of MB and CV dye-simulated wastewater using Saccharum officinarum L. The process experimental variables were modelled and predicted using a three-layer artificial neural network trained using the Levenberg-Marquard backpropagation algorithm and 30 central composite designs (CCD). The adsorption study used a specific mechanism, which led to noteworthy maximum removals of 98.3% and 98.2% for dyes (MB and CV), respectively. The RSM model achieved an impressive R of 0.9417, while the ANN model achieved 0.9236 in MB. Adsorption is commonly used to remove colour from many different materials. Saccharum officinarum L., a byproduct of sugarcane processing, has shown potential as an efficient and ecological adsorbent in this environment. The purpose of this study is to evaluate sugarcane bagasse's potential as an adsorbent for the removal of dyes MB and CV from industrial wastewater, providing a long-term strategy for reducing dye pollution. Due to its beneficial economic and environmental characteristics, the Saccharum officinarum L. adsorbent has prompted research into sustainable resources with low pollutant indices.
Topics: Gentian Violet; Wastewater; Methylene Blue; Saccharum; Coloring Agents; Biomass; Cellulose; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Kinetics; Neural Networks, Computer; Adsorption; Environmental Pollutants; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
PubMed: 37793550
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140262 -
Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy Apr 2024The aim was to systematically review clinical studies that investigated the efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) in reducing oral yeasts growth (OYG) in... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
The aim was to systematically review clinical studies that investigated the efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) in reducing oral yeasts growth (OYG) in individuals wearing implant overdentures (IO).
METHODS
The focused question was "Is aPDT effective in reducing OYG in patients wearing IO?" Literature search was performed in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Indexed databases were searched without time and language restrictions up to and including January 2024. Clinical studies were included; and letters to the Editor, case-reports/case-series, perspectives/commentaries, in-vitro/ex-vivo studies, studies on animal models and expert opinions were excluded. The risk of bias was also assessed.
RESULTS
Two clinical studies were included and processed for data extraction. The study population comprised of 100 (mean age: 58.5 years) and 53 (mean age: 58.5 years) individuals. The numbers of males and females included in these studies ranged between 33 and 35 males and 18-67 females, respectively. In both studies, follow-up evaluations were performed after 60 days. In both studies, aPDT was performed using a 660 nm diode laser at a power of 100 mW and using methylene-blue as photosensitizer. Results from both studies showed that aPDT is effective in significantly reducing oral yeasts CFU/ml and improvement of OHRQoL of individuals using IO.
CONCLUSION
The aPDT is useful in reducing OYG on IO; however, further well-designed and power-adjusted studies are needed in this area of research.
Topics: Photochemotherapy; Humans; Photosensitizing Agents; Denture, Overlay; Methylene Blue; Lasers, Semiconductor; Yeasts; Clinical Trials as Topic
PubMed: 38548040
DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104050