-
Cell Reports Jul 2023Protein phosphorylation modification is crucial for signaling transduction in plant development and environmental adaptation. By precisely phosphorylating crucial... (Review)
Review
Protein phosphorylation modification is crucial for signaling transduction in plant development and environmental adaptation. By precisely phosphorylating crucial components in signaling cascades, plants can switch on and off the specific signaling pathways needed for growth or defense. Here, we have summarized recent findings of key phosphorylation events in typical hormone signaling and stress responses. More interestingly, distinct phosphorylation patterns on proteins result in diverse biological functions of these proteins. Thus, we have also highlighted latest findings that show how the different phosphosites of a protein, also named phosphocodes, determine the specificity of downstream signaling in both plant development and stress responses.
Topics: Phosphorylation; Signal Transduction; Plants; Plant Development; Plant Proteins
PubMed: 37405922
DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112729 -
Journal of Genetics and Genomics = Yi... Jan 2024Soil salinization is an essential environmental stressor, threatening agricultural yield and ecological security worldwide. Saline soils accumulate excessive soluble... (Review)
Review
Soil salinization is an essential environmental stressor, threatening agricultural yield and ecological security worldwide. Saline soils accumulate excessive soluble salts which are detrimental to most plants by limiting plant growth and productivity. It is of great necessity for plants to efficiently deal with the adverse effects caused by salt stress for survival and successful reproduction. Multiple determinants of salt tolerance have been identified in plants, and the cellular and physiological mechanisms of plant salt response and adaption have been intensely characterized. Plants respond to salt stress signals and rapidly initiate signaling pathways to re-establish cellular homeostasis with adjusted growth and cellular metabolism. This review summarizes the advances in salt stress perception, signaling, and response in plants. A better understanding of plant salt resistance will contribute to improving crop performance under saline conditions using multiple engineering approaches. The rhizosphere microbiome-mediated plant salt tolerance as well as chemical priming for enhanced plant salt resistance are also discussed in this review.
Topics: Plants; Salt Stress; Plant Development; Agriculture; Salt Tolerance; Soil
PubMed: 37647984
DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2023.08.007 -
Current Biology : CB Oct 2023Interview with Enrico Coen, who studies plant growth and shape at the John Innes Centre.
Interview with Enrico Coen, who studies plant growth and shape at the John Innes Centre.
Topics: Plant Development
PubMed: 37875072
DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.09.026 -
Trends in Plant Science Aug 2023Plants constantly face fluctuating ambient temperatures and must adapt to survive under stressful conditions. Temperature affects many aspects of plant growth and... (Review)
Review
Plants constantly face fluctuating ambient temperatures and must adapt to survive under stressful conditions. Temperature affects many aspects of plant growth and development through a complex network of transcriptional responses. Although temperature sensing is a crucial primary step in initiating transcriptional responses via Ca and/or reactive oxygen species signaling, an understanding of how plants perceive temperature has remained elusive. However, recent studies have yielded breakthroughs in our understanding of temperature sensors and thermosensation mechanisms. We review recent findings on potential temperature sensors and emerging thermosensation mechanisms, including biomolecular condensate formation through phase separation in plants. We also compare the temperature perception mechanisms of plants with those of other organisms to provide insights into understanding temperature sensing by plants.
Topics: Temperature; Plants; Plant Development; Signal Transduction; Perception
PubMed: 37045740
DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2023.03.006 -
Journal of Experimental Botany Dec 2023Plants are exposed to a variety of abiotic stresses; these stresses have profound effects on plant growth, survival, and productivity. Tolerance and adaptation to stress... (Review)
Review
Plants are exposed to a variety of abiotic stresses; these stresses have profound effects on plant growth, survival, and productivity. Tolerance and adaptation to stress require sophisticated stress sensing, signaling, and various regulatory mechanisms. The plant hormone auxin is a key regulator of plant growth and development, playing pivotal roles in the integration of abiotic stress signals and control of downstream stress responses. In this review, we summarize and discuss recent advances in understanding the intersection of auxin and abiotic stress in plants, with a focus on temperature, salt, and drought stresses. We also explore the roles of auxin in stress tolerance and opportunities arising for agricultural applications.
Topics: Indoleacetic Acids; Plant Growth Regulators; Plants; Stress, Physiological; Plant Development
PubMed: 37591508
DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad325 -
Journal of Plant Physiology Sep 2023Endogenous programs and constant interaction with the environment regulate the development of the plant organism and its individual organs. Sugars are necessary building... (Review)
Review
Endogenous programs and constant interaction with the environment regulate the development of the plant organism and its individual organs. Sugars are necessary building blocks for plant and organ growth and at the same time act as critical integrators of the metabolic state into the developmental program. There is a growing recognition that the specific type of sugar and its subcellular or tissue distribution is sensed and translated to developmental responses. Therefore, the transport of sugars across membranes is a key process in adapting plant organ properties and overall development to the nutritional state of the plant. In this review, we discuss how plants exploit various sugar transporters to signal growth responses, for example, to control the development of sink organs such as roots or fruits. We highlight which sugar transporters are involved in root and shoot growth and branching, how intracellular sugar allocation can regulate senescence, and, for example, control fruit development. We link the important transport processes to downstream signaling cascades and elucidate the factors responsible for the integration of sugar signaling and plant hormone responses.
Topics: Plant Development; Plant Growth Regulators; Fruit; Reproduction; Sugars
PubMed: 37603910
DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.154073 -
International Journal of Molecular... Oct 2023The development of both animals and plants relies on populations of pluripotent stem cells that provide the cellular raw materials for organ and tissue formation. Plant... (Review)
Review
The development of both animals and plants relies on populations of pluripotent stem cells that provide the cellular raw materials for organ and tissue formation. Plant stem cell reservoirs are housed at the shoot and root tips in structures called meristems, with the shoot apical meristem (SAM) continuously producing aerial leaf, stem, and flower organs throughout the life cycle. Thus, the SAM acts as the engine of plant development and has unique structural and molecular features that allow it to balance self-renewal with differentiation and act as a constant source of new cells for organogenesis while simultaneously maintaining a stem cell reservoir for future organ formation. Studies have identified key roles for intercellular regulatory networks that establish and maintain meristem activity, including the KNOX transcription factor pathway and the CLV-WUS stem cell feedback loop. In addition, the plant hormones cytokinin and auxin act through their downstream signaling pathways in the SAM to integrate stem cell activity and organ initiation. This review discusses how the various regulatory pathways collectively orchestrate SAM function and touches on how their manipulation can alter stem cell activity to improve crop yield.
Topics: Arabidopsis Proteins; Plant Shoots; Arabidopsis; Meristem; Pluripotent Stem Cells; Plant Development; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; Homeodomain Proteins
PubMed: 37834339
DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914889 -
Current Biology : CB Jul 2023The proper development and function of stomata - turgor-driven valves for efficient gas-exchange and water control - impact plant survival and productivity. It has... (Review)
Review
The proper development and function of stomata - turgor-driven valves for efficient gas-exchange and water control - impact plant survival and productivity. It has become apparent that various receptor kinases regulate stomatal development and immunity. Although stomatal development and immunity occur over different cellular time scales, their signaling components and regulatory modules are strikingly similar, and often shared. In this review, we survey the current knowledge of stomatal development and immunity signaling components, and provide a synthesis and perspectives on the key concepts to further understand the conservation and specificity of these two signaling pathways.
Topics: Lens, Crystalline; Signal Transduction; Knowledge; Plant Development; Water
PubMed: 37433278
DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.05.018 -
Plant Biotechnology Journal Dec 2023Plant-specific NAC proteins constitute a major transcription factor family that is well-known for its roles in plant growth, development, and responses to abiotic and... (Review)
Review
Plant-specific NAC proteins constitute a major transcription factor family that is well-known for its roles in plant growth, development, and responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. In recent years, there has been significant progress in understanding the functions of NAC proteins. NAC proteins have a highly conserved DNA-binding domain; however, their functions are diverse. Previous understanding of the structure of NAC transcription factors can be used as the basis for their functional diversity. NAC transcription factors consist of a target-binding domain at the N-terminus and a highly versatile C-terminal domain that interacts with other proteins. A growing body of research on NAC transcription factors helps us comprehend the intricate signalling network and transcriptional reprogramming facilitated by NAC-mediated complexes. However, most studies of NAC proteins have been limited to a single function. Here, we discuss the upstream regulators, regulatory components and targets of NAC in the context of their prospective roles in plant improvement strategies via biotechnology intervention, highlighting the importance of the NAC transcription factor family in plants and the need for further research.
Topics: Plants; Plant Proteins; Transcription Factors; Plant Development; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; Stress, Physiological; Phylogeny
PubMed: 37623750
DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14161 -
Journal of Basic Microbiology Nov 2023
Topics: Plants; Plant Development
PubMed: 37699752
DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202300512