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Menopause (New York, N.Y.) Jul 2023Menopausal symptoms are common in midlife women and have broad impacts on their daily functioning and quality of life. Black cohosh extracts have been widely used to... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
Menopausal symptoms are common in midlife women and have broad impacts on their daily functioning and quality of life. Black cohosh extracts have been widely used to relieve menopausal symptoms. However, the comparative benefits of different combined black cohosh regimens remain inconclusive. The aim of the current updated meta-analysis is to address the comparative efficacies of different black cohosh regimens in improving menopausal symptoms.
METHODS
Random-effect model pairwise meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was conducted to investigate the treatment effect on menopausal symptoms by the black cohosh extract both alone or combined with other related active ingredients. The outcomes studied were changes in menopausal symptoms after treatment with black cohosh extracts in menopausal women.
RESULTS
Twenty-two articles including information on 2,310 menopausal women were included in the analyses. Black cohosh extracts were associated with significant improvements in overall menopausal symptoms (Hedges' g = 0.575, 95% CI = 0.283 to 0.867, P < 0.001), as well as in hot flashes (Hedges' g = 0.315, 95% CIs = 0.107 to 0.524, P = 0.003), and somatic symptoms (Hedges' g = 0.418, 95% CI = 0.165 to 0.670, P = 0.001), compared with placebo. However, black cohosh did not significantly improve anxiety (Hedges' g = 0.194, 95% CI = -0.296 to 0.684, P = 0.438) or depressive symptoms (Hedges' g = 0.406, 95% CI = -0.121 to 0.932, P = 0.131). The dropout rate for black cohosh products was similar to that for placebo (odds ratio = 0.911, 95% CI = 0.660 to 1.256, P = 0.568).
CONCLUSIONS
This study provides updated evidence regarding the potentially beneficial effects of black cohosh extracts for relieving menopausal symptoms in menopausal women.
Topics: Female; Humans; Cimicifuga; Phytotherapy; Quality of Life; Plant Extracts; Menopause; Hot Flashes
PubMed: 37192826
DOI: 10.1097/GME.0000000000002196 -
Drugs Sep 2023Birch bark extract (Filsuvez; also known as the developmental name Oleogel-S10), a topical gel consisting of 10% dry birch bark extract and 90% sunflower oil, is the... (Review)
Review
Birch bark extract (Filsuvez; also known as the developmental name Oleogel-S10), a topical gel consisting of 10% dry birch bark extract and 90% sunflower oil, is the first therapy approved in the EU and UK for the treatment of partial thickness wounds associated with dystrophic and junctional epidermolysis bullosa (EB) in patients aged ≥ 6 months old. In the pivotal double-blind, randomized, vehicle-controlled, phase III EASE trial in patients with EB, the primary endpoint was met, in which birch bark extract relative to control gel significantly increased the proportion of patients with first complete target wound closure within 45 days. Moreover, patients treated with birch bark extract demonstrated several other positive findings in improving wound burden and wound-associated symptoms. The clinical benefits of birch bark extract were maintained in the 24-month open-label extension period of the EASE trial. Birch bark extract was generally well tolerated in patients with EB, with the tolerability profile being similar to that of control gel. Current evidence indicates that birch bark extract is an effective, emerging treatment option for patients with dystrophic and junctional EB.
Topics: Humans; Infant; Betula; Plant Bark; Epidermolysis Bullosa; Plant Extracts; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 37658982
DOI: 10.1007/s40265-023-01935-z -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Nov 2023The common daisy () belongs to the family Asteraceae and, in recent years, some new research has been published on the bioactive compounds and biological activities of... (Review)
Review
The common daisy () belongs to the family Asteraceae and, in recent years, some new research has been published on the bioactive compounds and biological activities of its extracts. In 2014, the knowledge was partially summarized, but several new studies have been published in the last nine years. In addition, the substances were tabularly consolidated to give a comprehensive overview of over 310 individual components, compound classes, and bioactivities, as well as their accurate plant organ origin. The latest results have shown that the plant has antioxidative, antimicrobial, anticancerogenic, wound healing, antidepressive, anxiolytic, nephroprotective, and insulin mimetic effects, as well as an effect on lipid metabolism. Some studies in the field of homeopathy were also listed. Ideally, a biological effect and one or several compound(s) can be correlated. However, the compounds of the extracts used have often been qualified and quantified, but it remains unclear which of these substances have an activity. The works often stick at the level of the crude extract or a fraction, but not at a single purified and tested compound and, consequently, they are hampered by a missing comprehensive bioactivity workflow. This review provides a critical overview and gaps and offers a basis for further research in this area.
Topics: Antioxidants; Anti-Infective Agents; Wound Healing; Asteraceae; Flowers; Plant Extracts
PubMed: 38067445
DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237716 -
International Journal of Biological... Jul 2023Nanoparticles (NPs) have gained recognition for diagnosis, drug delivery, and therapy in fatal diseases. This review focuses on the benefits of green synthesis of... (Review)
Review
Nanoparticles (NPs) have gained recognition for diagnosis, drug delivery, and therapy in fatal diseases. This review focuses on the benefits of green synthesis of bioinspired NPs using various plant extract (containing various biomolecules such as sugars, proteins, and other phytochemical compounds) and their therapeutic application in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Multiple factors including inflammation, mitochondrial and cardiomyocyte mutations, endothelial cell apoptosis, and administration of non-cardiac drugs, can trigger the cause of cardiac disorders. Furthermore, the interruption of reactive oxygen species (ROS) synchronization from mitochondria causes oxidative stress in the cardiac system, leading to chronic diseases such as atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction. NPs can decrease the interaction with biomolecules and prevent the incitement of ROS. Understanding this mechanism can pave the way for using green synthesized elemental NPs to reduce the risk of CVD. This review delivers information on the different methods, classifications, mechanisms and benefits of using NPs, as well as the formation and progression of CVDs and their effects on the body.
Topics: Humans; Cardiovascular Diseases; Reactive Oxygen Species; Plant Extracts; Nanoparticles; Oxidative Stress; Myocytes, Cardiac
PubMed: 37245774
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125025 -
International Journal of Molecular... Jul 2023The roots and rhizomes of L. (Crassulaceae), which is widely growing in Northern Europe, North America, and Siberia, have been used since ancient times to alleviate... (Review)
Review
The roots and rhizomes of L. (Crassulaceae), which is widely growing in Northern Europe, North America, and Siberia, have been used since ancient times to alleviate stress, fatigue, and mental and physical disorders. Phenolic compounds: phenylpropanoids rosavin, rosarin, and rosin, tyrosol glucoside salidroside, and tyrosol, are responsible for the biological action of , exerting antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anti-aging, anti-fatigue activities. extract formulations are used as alternative remedies to enhance mental and cognitive functions and protect the central nervous system and heart during stress. Recent studies indicate that may be used to treat diabetes, cancer, and a variety of cardiovascular and neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. This paper reviews the beneficial effects of the extract of , its key active components, and their possible use in the treatment of chronic diseases. represents an excellent natural remedy to address situations involving decreased performance, such as fatigue and a sense of weakness, particularly in the context of chronic diseases. Given the significance of mitochondria in cellular energy metabolism and their vulnerability to reactive oxygen species, future research should prioritize investigating the potential effects of main bioactive phenolic compounds on mitochondria, thus targeting cellular energy supply and countering oxidative stress-related effects.
Topics: Humans; Plant Extracts; Rhodiola; Complementary Therapies; Chronic Disease
PubMed: 37569669
DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512293 -
Journal of Ethnopharmacology Jun 2023Terminalia arjuna (Roxb. ex DC.) Wight & Arnot (Combretaceae) is one of the most frequently used medicinal trees in Indian traditional medicinal systems. It is used for... (Review)
Review
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE
Terminalia arjuna (Roxb. ex DC.) Wight & Arnot (Combretaceae) is one of the most frequently used medicinal trees in Indian traditional medicinal systems. It is used for the treatment of a variety of diseases including cardiovascular disorders.
AIM OF THE STUDY
The purpose of this review was to provide a comprehensive overview of the phytochemistry, medicinal uses, toxicity, and industrial applications of T. arjuna bark (BTA), as well as to identify gaps in research and applications of this important tree. It also aimed to analyze trends and future research paths to utilize the full potential of this tree.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Extensive bibliographic research on the T. arjuna tree was carried out using scientific research engines and databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and Web of Science, covering all relevant English-language articles. The database "World Flora Online (WFO)" (http://www.worldfloraonline.org) was used to confirm plant taxonomy.
RESULTS
To date, BTA has been traditionally employed for several disorders such as snakebites, scorpion stings, gleets, earaches, dysentery, sexual disorders, and urinary tract infections along with the cardioprotective activity. About 38 phytocompounds were identified from BTA and were classified as triterpenoids, tannins, flavonoids, and glycosides. A wide range of in vitro and in vivo pharmacological effects of BTA were reported such as anti-cancer, antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, anti-allergic, anti-diabetic, and wound healing activities. The oral administration of BTA (500 mg/kg) per day did not result in any toxicity in humans. The in vivo acute and sub-acute toxicity analysis of the methanol extract of BTA and one of its major compounds, 7-methyl gallate, did not produce any adverse effects up to a dose of 1000 mg/kg.
CONCLUSIONS
This comprehensive review highlights various aspects of traditional knowledge, phytochemicals, and pharmacological significance of BTA. The review covered safety information on employing BTA in pharmaceutical dosage forms. Despite its long history of medicinal benefit, more studies are needed to understand the molecular mechanisms, structure-activity relationship, and potential synergistic and antagonistic effects of its phytocompounds, drug administration, drug-drug interactions, and toxicological effects.
Topics: Humans; Terminalia; Plant Bark; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Combretaceae; Phytochemicals; Ethnopharmacology
PubMed: 36933876
DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116352 -
Recent Patents on Anti-cancer Drug... 2024) comprising chebulinic acid as its principle active constituent is used to cure various diseases. and chebulinic acid are used as antimicrobial, antioxidant,...
BACKGROUND
) comprising chebulinic acid as its principle active constituent is used to cure various diseases. and chebulinic acid are used as antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, antimutagenic, radioprotective, cardioprotective, antiproliferative, antiarthritic, anticaries, and so on.
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this current study is to give an overview of the recent literature and patents of and chebulinic acid including methods of its isolation/extraction and their application in the prevention of various cancers and other diseases.
METHODS
Present research and patents highlighting the anti-cancer potential of and chebulinic acid have been studied and discussed keeping in view the scientific novelty and impact.
RESULTS
Both and chebulinic acid are currently being explored for their anticancer potential and . They are either incorporated alone or in combination with other plants or drugs to show their activity and many clinical trials are also going on various potentials of the plant and chebulinic acid. Novel extraction techniques are also explored and patented. Efforts are being made to improve the bioavailability by developing Novel herbal drug delivery systems of the plant extract or chebulinic acid itself.
CONCLUSION
Anti-cancer potential of and chebulinic acid may be well established by promising clinical trials and may open new interventions in various tumors. Clinical trials in conjunction with standard therapies are required to explore and validate the actual potential of T. chebula and chebulinic acid respectively.
Topics: Humans; Fruit; Patents as Topic; Plant Extracts; Antineoplastic Agents; Hydrolyzable Tannins
PubMed: 37605424
DOI: 10.2174/1574892819666230821110429 -
Phytomedicine : International Journal... Jan 2024Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is the most challenging and thought-provoking liver problem for hepatologists owing to unregulated medication usage in medical... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is the most challenging and thought-provoking liver problem for hepatologists owing to unregulated medication usage in medical practices, nutritional supplements, and botanicals. Due to underreporting, analysis, and identification issues, clinically evaluated medication hepatotoxicity is prevalent yet hard to quantify.
PURPOSE
This review's primary objective is to thoroughly compare pharmaceutical drugs and herbal compounds that have undergone clinical trials, focusing on their metabolic mechanisms contributing to the onset of liver illnesses and their hepatoprotective effects.
METHODS
The data was gathered from several online sources, such as PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science, using appropriate keywords.
RESULTS
The prevalence of conventional and herbal medicine is rising. A comprehensive understanding of the metabolic mechanism is necessary to mitigate the hepatotoxicity induced by drugs and facilitate the incorporation or substitution of herbal medicine instead of pharmaceuticals. Moreover, pre-clinical pharmacological research has the potential to facilitate the development of natural products as therapeutic agents, displaying promising possibilities for their eventual clinical implementation.
CONCLUSIONS
Acetaminophen, isoniazid, rifampicin, diclofenac, and pyrogallol have been identified as the most often reported synthetic drugs that produce hepatotoxicity by oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and fibrosis during the last several decades. Due to their ability to downregulate many factors (such as cytokines) and activate several enzyme/enzyme systems, herbal substances (such as Gingko biloba extract, curcumin, resveratrol, and silymarin) provide superior protection against harmful mechanisms which induce hepatotoxicity with fewer adverse effects than their synthetic counterparts.
Topics: Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Isoniazid; Plant Extracts; Plants, Medicinal; Silymarin; Liver
PubMed: 37913641
DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155142 -
Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology Oct 2023The study aimed to formulate a nanoemulsion, combine it with aqueous extracts of herbal powders, and test its efficiency as caries-preventing mouthwash. Formulation of...
The study aimed to formulate a nanoemulsion, combine it with aqueous extracts of herbal powders, and test its efficiency as caries-preventing mouthwash. Formulation of nanoemulsion using microfluidizer, characterization of nanoemulsion, minimum inhibitory concentration, adherence test, biofilm assay, and artificial mouth assay was carried out. The biofilms of Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus casei, Actinomyces viscosus, and a combination of the three cultures were developed and treated with formulations to study the inhibitory effect of the samples. In artificial mouth assay, human tooth samples were used as surfaces to grow the biofilm of S. mutans, and daily, the teeth were treated with the formulations to test their real-time efficiency. The nanoemulsion was characterized using dynamic light scattering and the size of the particles was within the 100-300 nm range. Above 50 °C, the nanoemulsion combined with plant extract lost its emulsified state within 2 h of incubation, while the nanoemulsion was stable. Nanoemulsion with plant extract inhibited the adherence of L. casei (73%) and biofilm of L. casei (66%). In artificial mouth assay, after 10 days of nanoemulsion, nanoemulsion with plant extract showed DIAGNOdent pen values 3.5 and 2 respectively whereas the negative control value was 14.4 indicating caries initiation. The nanoemulsion with plant extract showed anti-adherence and anti-biofilm activity and hence can be used as a potent anticariogenic mouthwash.
Topics: Humans; Mouthwashes; Anti-Infective Agents; Streptococcus mutans; Plant Extracts; Tooth; Biofilms; Dental Caries; Anti-Bacterial Agents
PubMed: 36708491
DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04356-6 -
Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine Aug 2023Metallic nanoparticles from different natural sources exhibit superior therapeutic options as compared to the conventional methods. species have attracted special... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Metallic nanoparticles from different natural sources exhibit superior therapeutic options as compared to the conventional methods. species have attracted special attention of researchers worldwide due to the presence of bioactive molecules such as flavonoids, biflavonoids, triterpenes, steroids, saponins, tannins and other secondary metabolites that exhibit antimicrobial, antiplasmodial, anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities. Environment friendly green synthesised silver nanoparticles from species provide viable, safe and efficient treatment against different fungal pathogens.
OBJECTIVE
This systematic review aims to summarise the literature pertaining to superior antifungal ability of green synthesised silver nanoparticles using plant extracts of spp. in comparison to both aqueous and ethanolic raw plant extracts by electronically collecting articles from databases.
METHODS
The recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis were taken into consideration while preparing this review. The titles and abstracts of the collected data were stored in Endnote20 based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The search strategy included literature from established sources like PubMed, Google Scholar and Retrieval System Online using subject descriptors.
RESULTS
The search yielded 60 articles with unique hits. After removal of duplications, 46 articles were identified, 40 were assessed and only seven articles were chosen and included in this review based on our eligibility criteria.
CONCLUSION
The physicochemical and preliminary phytochemical investigations of suggest higher drug potency of nanoparticles synthesised from plant extract against different diseases as compared to aqueous and ethanolic plant extracts. The study holds great promise as the synthesis of nanoparticles involves low energy consumption, minimal technology and least toxic effects.
Topics: Humans; Metal Nanoparticles; Selaginellaceae; Silver; Anti-Infective Agents; Plant Extracts
PubMed: 37534437
DOI: 10.1017/erm.2023.21