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Frontiers in Bioscience (Landmark... Sep 2023Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the most abundant infiltrating immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and play an important role in tumor progression.... (Review)
Review
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the most abundant infiltrating immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and play an important role in tumor progression. Clinically, the increase of TAMs infiltration is linked to poor prognosis of patients with various cancer types. Multiple studies have demonstrated that reducing or reprogramming TAMs can inhibit the occurrence or development of tumors. Therefore, TAMs have been identified as novel targets for the treatment of cancer therapy. In this review, the origin, polarization, roles, and targeting of TAMs in malignancies, are discussed.
Topics: Humans; Tumor-Associated Macrophages; Tumor Microenvironment
PubMed: 37796698
DOI: 10.31083/j.fbl2809207 -
Journal of Education and Health... 2023Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neuro-behavioral disorder that negatively affects educational, relational, and occupational aspects of one's...
BACKGROUND
Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neuro-behavioral disorder that negatively affects educational, relational, and occupational aspects of one's life. Although many children diagnosed with this disorder can benefit from taking medication, particularly for core symptoms, play therapy and storytelling can be seen as engaging, stimulating, and more compatible with children's developmental needs. The social skills of these children are as vital as other symptoms and can be better addressed with cognitive-based art therapy interventions. Because little research has been focused on the combination of play therapy and storytelling and the social interactions of children with ADHD are highly important in academic settings, this study aimed to determine the effects of this combination on children's social skills with ADHD.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This survey was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group. Participants were 7-11-year-old girls and boys with ADHD based on DSM-V referred to child and adolescent psychiatrists' clinics. Selected children were randomly allocated into intervention and control groups. The intervention group received an individual combined intervention of play therapy and storytelling, whereas the control group did not receive any therapeutic intervention for social skills at that time and was on the waiting list. The research tool was the Social Skills Rating System (SSRS), and data were computer-analyzed using SPSS-20 and a couple of descriptive and analytic tests including ANCOVA.
RESULTS
In this study, 30 children with ADHD were included. The combined intervention of play therapy and storytelling has had a significant effect on post-test results of ADHD patients in terms of social skills as well as all test subscales ( < 0/05). There was a significant improvement in the subscales of self-expression, self-control, responsibility, and cooperation ( < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
Results show promise for combined play therapy and storytelling intervention to enhance the social skills of elementary school children diagnosed with ADHD.
PubMed: 38023093
DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1104_22 -
Neuroimaging Clinics of North America Nov 2023Odontogenic and sinogenic infections are frequently encountered in the pediatric population. Although the diagnosis is often suspected clinically, imaging can play a... (Review)
Review
Odontogenic and sinogenic infections are frequently encountered in the pediatric population. Although the diagnosis is often suspected clinically, imaging can play a significant role in localizing the site of infection, assessing for involvement of deep neck spaces, detection of abscess and other potentially life-threatening complications, and providing valuable information to help with treatment planning. This article reviews the general imaging considerations and anatomy relevant to odontogenic and paranasal sinus infections and describes the salient clinical and imaging features of infectious diseases of the dentition and sinuss.
Topics: Humans; Child; Abscess; Sinusitis; Paranasal Sinuses; Neck; Diagnostic Imaging
PubMed: 37741665
DOI: 10.1016/j.nic.2023.05.014 -
FEBS Letters May 2024The Wnt signaling pathway is a huge network governing development and homeostasis, dysregulation of which is associated with a myriad of human diseases. The Frizzled... (Review)
Review
The Wnt signaling pathway is a huge network governing development and homeostasis, dysregulation of which is associated with a myriad of human diseases. The Frizzled receptor (FZD) family comprises receptors for Wnt ligands, which indispensably mediate Wnt signaling jointly with a variety of co-receptors. Studies of FZDs have revealed that 10 FZD subtypes play diverse roles in physiological processes. At the same time, dysregulation of FZDs is also responsible for various diseases, in particular human cancers. Enormous attention has been paid to the molecular understanding and targeted therapy of FZDs in the past decade. In this review, we summarize the latest research on FZD structure, function, regulation and targeted therapy, providing a basis for guiding future research in this field.
PubMed: 38744670
DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14903 -
World Journal of Critical Care Medicine Jun 2024Quality indicators in healthcare refer to measurable and quantifiable parameters used to assess and monitor the performance, effectiveness, and safety of healthcare... (Review)
Review
Quality indicators in healthcare refer to measurable and quantifiable parameters used to assess and monitor the performance, effectiveness, and safety of healthcare services. These indicators provide a systematic way to evaluate the quality of care offered, and thereby to identify areas for improvement and to ensure that patient care meets established standards and best practices. Respiratory therapists play a vital role in areas of clinical administration such as infection control practices and quality improvement initiatives. Quality indicators serve as essential metrics for respiratory therapy departments to assess and enhance the overall quality of care. By systematically tracking and analyzing indicators related to infection control, treatment effectiveness, and adherence to protocols, respiratory care practitioners can identify areas to improve and implement evidence-based changes. This article reviewed how to identify, implement, and monitor quality indicators specific to the respiratory therapy departments to set benchmarks and enhance patient outcomes.
PubMed: 38855272
DOI: 10.5492/wjccm.v13.i2.91794 -
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy =... Oct 2023Apelin and Elabela (Ela) are peptides encoded by APLN and APELA, respectively, which act on their receptor APJ and play crucial roles in the body. Recent research has... (Review)
Review
Apelin and Elabela (Ela) are peptides encoded by APLN and APELA, respectively, which act on their receptor APJ and play crucial roles in the body. Recent research has shown that they not only have important effects on the endocrine system, but also promote vascular development and maintain the homeostasis of myocardial cells. From a molecular biology perspective, we explored the roles of Ela and apelin in the cardiovascular system and summarized the mechanisms of apelin-APJ signaling in the progression of myocardial infarction, ischemia-reperfusion injury, atherosclerosis, pulmonary arterial hypertension, preeclampsia, and congenital heart disease. Evidences indicated that apelin and Ela play important roles in cardiovascular diseases, and there are many studies focused on developing apelin, Ela, and their analogues for clinical treatments. However, the literature on the therapeutic potential of apelin, Ela and their analogues and other APJ agonists in the cardiovascular system is still limited. This review summarized the regulatory pathways of apelin/ELA-APJ axis in cardiovascular function and cardiovascular-related diseases, and the therapeutic effects of their analogues in cardiovascular diseases were also included.
Topics: Female; Humans; Pregnancy; Apelin; Apelin Receptors; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cardiovascular System; Peptide Hormones; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 37562237
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115268 -
Frontiers in Pharmacology 2024Endothelial cells form a single cell layer lining the inner walls of blood vessels and play critical roles in organ homeostasis and disease progression. Specifically,... (Review)
Review
Endothelial cells form a single cell layer lining the inner walls of blood vessels and play critical roles in organ homeostasis and disease progression. Specifically, tumor endothelial cells are heterogenous, and highly permeable, because of specific interactions with the tumor tissue environment and through soluble factors and cell-cell interactions. This review article aims to analyze different aspects of endothelial cell heterogeneity in tumor vasculature, with particular emphasis on vascular normalization, vascular permeability, metabolism, endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition, resistance to therapy, and the interplay between endothelial cells and the immune system.
PubMed: 38576482
DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1384721 -
Cardiac Electrophysiology Clinics Mar 2024Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the myocardium secondary to infectious and noninfectious insults. The most feared consequence of myocarditis is sudden cardiac... (Review)
Review
Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the myocardium secondary to infectious and noninfectious insults. The most feared consequence of myocarditis is sudden cardiac death owing to electrical instability and arrhythmia. Typical presenting symptoms include chest pain, dyspnea, palpitations and/or heart failure. Diagnosis is usually made with history, electrocardiogram, biomarkers, echocardiogram, and cardiac MRI (CMR). Application of the Lake Louise criteria to CMR results can help identify cases of myocarditis. Treatment is usually supportive with medical therapy, and patients are recommended to abstain from exercise for 3 to 6 months. Exercise restrictions may be lifted after normalization on follow-up testing.
Topics: Humans; Myocarditis; Return to Sport; Myocardium; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Biomarkers
PubMed: 38280810
DOI: 10.1016/j.ccep.2023.09.011 -
Canadian Journal of Occupational... Sep 2023Occupational therapists often use play-based approaches to facilitate children's occupational development and promote participation, for example, play-based...
Occupational therapists often use play-based approaches to facilitate children's occupational development and promote participation, for example, play-based occupational therapy, play therapy and playwork. However, where does play occupation fit, within these adult-guided play-based approaches in occupational therapy? To examine and discuss the play-work occupation continuum of children to inform occupational therapy practice. Children's play occupations are free-selected, unstructured, internally-controlled, spontaneous and intrinsically-motivated. Yet, occupational therapists often utilize play as a therapeutic modality to support occupational development for occupations other than play. This use of play represents as they are structured, externally-controlled, adult-guided, goal-focused and extrinsically-motivated. Play occupations then move from being authentic free-play to adult-guided play-based work occupations for children. When working with children and families, occupational therapists need to balance the use of self-selected, unstructured play occupations with the application of adult-guided, structured, goal-focused play-based work occupations.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Child; Occupational Therapy; Play Therapy; Occupations; Activities of Daily Living; Occupational Therapists
PubMed: 36221893
DOI: 10.1177/00084174221130165 -
Frontiers in Pharmacology 2023Macrophages, an essential cell population involved in mediating innate immunity in the host, play a crucial role on the development of hepatic cirrhosis. Extensive... (Review)
Review
Macrophages, an essential cell population involved in mediating innate immunity in the host, play a crucial role on the development of hepatic cirrhosis. Extensive studies have highlighted the potential therapeutic benefits of macrophage therapy in treating hepatic cirrhosis. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the various effects and underlying mechanisms associated with macrophage therapy in the context of hepatic cirrhosis.
PubMed: 38161689
DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1265935