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Journal of Hazardous Materials May 2024Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are endocrine-disrupting chemicals that have been associated with various adverse health conditions. Herein we explored the associations...
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are endocrine-disrupting chemicals that have been associated with various adverse health conditions. Herein we explored the associations of PCBs with dyslipidemia and further assessed the modification effect of genetic susceptibility and lifestyle factors. Six serum PCBs (PCB-28, 101, 118, 138, 153, 180) were determined in 3845 participants from the Wuhan-Zhuhai cohort. Dyslipidemia, including hyper-total cholesterol (HyperTC), hyper-triglyceride (HyperTG), hyper-low density lipoprotein cholesterol (HyperLDL-C), and hypo-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HypoHDL-C) were determined, and lipid-specific polygenic risk scores (PRS) and healthy lifestyle score were constructed. We found that all six PCB congeners were positively associated with the prevalence of dyslipidemias, and ΣPCB level was associated with HyperTC, HyperTG, and HyperLDL-C in dose-response manners. Compared with the lowest tertiles of ΣPCB, the odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) in the highest tertiles were 1.490 (1.258, 1.765) for HyperTC, 1.957 (1.623, 2.365) for HyperTG, and 1.569 (1.316, 1.873) for HyperLDL-C, respectively. Compared with those with low ΣPCB, healthy lifestyle, and low genetic risk, participants with high ΣPCB, unfavorable lifestyle, and high genetic risk had the highest odds of HyperTC, HyperTG, and HyperLDL-C. Our study provided evidence that high PCB exposure exacerbated the association of genetic risk and unhealthy lifestyle with dyslipidemia.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; China; Dyslipidemias; East Asian People; Environmental Exposure; Environmental Pollutants; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Life Style; Polychlorinated Biphenyls
PubMed: 38552393
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134073 -
Environmental Pollution (Barking, Essex... Dec 2023The development and outcome of inflammatory diseases are associated with genetic and lifestyle factors, which include chemical and nonchemical stressors. Persistent... (Review)
Review
The development and outcome of inflammatory diseases are associated with genetic and lifestyle factors, which include chemical and nonchemical stressors. Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are major groups of chemical stressors. For example, dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are closely associated with the incidence of inflammatory diseases. The pathology of environmental chemical-mediated inflammatory diseases is complex and may involve disturbances in multiple organs, including the gut, liver, brain, vascular tissues, and immune systems. Recent studies suggested that diet-derived nutrients (e.g., phytochemicals, vitamins, unsaturated fatty acids, dietary fibers) could modulate environmental insults and affect disease development, progression, and outcome. In this article, mechanisms of environmental pollutant-induced inflammation and cardiometabolic diseases are reviewed, focusing on multi-organ interplays and highlighting recent advances in nutritional strategies to improve the outcome of cardiometabolic diseases associated with environmental exposures. In addition, advanced system biology approaches are discussed, which present unique opportunities to unveil the complex interactions among multiple organs and to fuel the development of precision intervention strategies in exposed individuals.
Topics: Humans; Persistent Organic Pollutants; Environmental Pollutants; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; Inflammation; Cardiovascular Diseases
PubMed: 37844865
DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122756 -
Environment International Aug 2023Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is produced by the placenta and plays an essential role in the maintenance of pregnancy. Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) have...
BACKGROUND
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is produced by the placenta and plays an essential role in the maintenance of pregnancy. Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) have the potential to interfere with functions related to the production and secretion of hCG; however associations between exposure to EDCs and hCG concentrations in humans remain to be elucidated.
OBJECTIVES
To investigate the association of urinary, serum and plasma concentrations of EDCs during pregnancy with serum hCG concentrations.
METHODS
We utilized data form the Swedish Environmental Longitudinal, Mother and child, Asthma and allergy (SELMA) study. We investigated the association of 26 EDCs measured in early pregnancy urine or blood with serum hCG concentrations using multi-variable adjusted linear regression models per EDC and Weighted Quantile Sum (WQS) regression with repeated holdout validation for the EDCs mixture.
RESULTS
In 2,039 included women, higher exposure to bisphenol A was associated with lower hCG (beta [95% CI]: -0.06 [-0.11 to -0.002]) while higher triclosan exposure was associated with a higher hCG (0.02 [0.003 to 0.04]). Higher exposure to several phthalates, including mono-ethyl and mono-butyl phthalates (MEP and MBP) as well as metabolites of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) was associated with a lower hCG (beta [95% CI] for sum of DEHP metabolites: -0.13 [-0.19 to -0.07]). Likewise, higher exposure to several polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) was associated with a lower hCG. In the WQS regression, each quartile increase in the EDCs mixture was associated with -0.27 lower hCG (95% CI: -0.34 to -0.19).
DISCUSSION
Higher exposure to several EDCs during pregnancy was associated with a lower hCG; and despite the small effect sizes, still indicating that the exposure may negatively affect production or secretion of hCG by the placenta. Our results provide the impetus for future experimental studies to investigate the placenta as a target organ for adverse effects of EDCs.
Topics: Pregnancy; Child; Humans; Female; Endocrine Disruptors; Diethylhexyl Phthalate; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Longitudinal Studies; Phthalic Acids; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Environmental Pollutants; Environmental Exposure
PubMed: 37459690
DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108091 -
Journal of Hazardous Materials Sep 2023The longitudinal relationships of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) exposure with glucose homeostasis and type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk among Chinese population have not...
Gene-environment interaction in long-term effects of polychlorinated biphenyls exposure on glucose homeostasis and type 2 diabetes: The modifying effects of genetic risk and lifestyle.
The longitudinal relationships of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) exposure with glucose homeostasis and type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk among Chinese population have not been assessed, and interactions of PCB exposure with genetic susceptibility and lifestyle are unclear. In this prospective cohort study, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and insulin (FPI) and seven serum indicator-PCBs were measured for each participant. We constructed polygenic risk score (PRS) of T2D and healthy lifestyle score. Each 1-unit increment of ln-transformed PCB-118 was related with a 0.141 mmol/L, 11.410 pmol/L, 0.661, and 74.5% increase in FPG, FPI, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, and incident T2D risk over 6 years, respectively. Each 1-unit increment in T2D-PRS was related with a 0.169 mmol/L elevation of FPG and 65.5% elevation of incident T2D risk during 6 years. Compared with participants who had low T2D-PRS and low PCB-118, participants with high T2D-PRS and high PCB-118 showed a significant increase in FPG (0.162 mmol/L; P for interaction <0.001) and incident T2D risk [hazard ratio (HR)= 2.222]. Participants with low PCB-118, low PRS, and healthy lifestyle had the lowest incident T2D risk (HR=0.232). Our findings highlighted the significance of reducing PCB exposure and improvement in lifestyle for T2D prevention and management, especially for individuals with higher genetic risk of T2D.
Topics: Humans; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Prospective Studies; Gene-Environment Interaction; Risk Factors; Glucose; Life Style; Homeostasis
PubMed: 37276697
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131757 -
Frontiers in Oncology 2023Globally, the burden of breast cancer has increased significantly in recent decades. Emerging evidence suggested that endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), which have...
BACKGROUND
Globally, the burden of breast cancer has increased significantly in recent decades. Emerging evidence suggested that endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), which have the potential to interfere with the function of normal hormones, may play a crucial role in this trend. However, the potential relationships were inconsistent in various studies.
OBJECTIVE AND SEARCH METHODS
In our study, we sought to fully evaluate the currently available epidemiological evidence to ascertain whether certain EDC congeners and their metabolites are related to breast cancer risk. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, we conducted a comprehensive literature search of original peer-reviewed publications in three electronic databases: PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase. Publications that covered xenobiotic EDC exposures and breast cancer-confirmed histological results or antecedent medical records or reporting to health registers were taken into consideration.
OUTCOMES
The final result of the literature search was 6,498 references, out which we found 67 publications that matched the requirements for meta-analysis and eight publications for qualitative trend synthesis. In this meta-analysis, statistically significant associations revealed that (i) 1-chloro-4-[2,2,2-trichloro-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]benzene (p,p'-DDT) and its major metabolite 2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE) were somewhat related to a greater risk of breast cancer. However, this relationship only existed in blood serum but not in adipose tissue. (ii) Breast cancer risk was increased by exposure to chlordane and hexachlorocyclohexane. (iii) Five polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB 99, PCB 105, PCB 118, PCB 138, and PCB 183) can increase the risk of breast cancer. (iv) One phthalate congener (BBP) and one per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance congener (PFDoDA) were negatively associated with breast cancer risk. Unfortunately, heterogeneity was not well explained in our review, and a limited number of available prospective studies investigating the associations between EDC exposure and breast cancer were included in our meta-analysis. To elucidate the overall associations, future large, longitudinal epidemiological investigations are needed.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD 42023420927.
PubMed: 38023188
DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1282651 -
Microorganisms Jul 2023Causing major health and ecological disturbances, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants still recovered all over the world. Microbial PCB...
Causing major health and ecological disturbances, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants still recovered all over the world. Microbial PCB biotransformation is a promising technique for depollution, but the involved molecular mechanisms remain misunderstood. Ligninolytic enzymes are suspected to be involved in many PCB transformations, but their assessments remain scarce. To further inventory the capabilities of microbes to transform PCBs through their ligninolytic enzymes, we investigated the role of oxidase and peroxidase among a set of microorganisms isolated from a historically PCB-contaminated site. Among 29 isolated fungi and 17 bacteria, this work reports for the first time the PCB-transforming capabilities from fungi affiliated to , , , , , , and genera and bacteria affiliated to , , , , , sp., , and . In the same way, this is the first report of fungal isolates affiliated to the specie and genus that displayed oxidase (putatively laccase) and peroxidase activity, respectively, enhanced in the presence of PCBs (more than 4-fold and 20-fold, respectively, compared to controls). Based on these results, the observed activities are suspected to be involved in PCB transformation.
PubMed: 37630447
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11081887 -
Steroids Nov 2023Endocrine disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) are substances that interfere with hormones by several mechanisms including receptor activation or antagonism, changes in gene and...
Endocrine disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) are substances that interfere with hormones by several mechanisms including receptor activation or antagonism, changes in gene and protein expression, modification of signal transduction, and/or epigenetic modifications in hormone-producing cells. A survey conducted by the European Union in a Northern Italian region led to the discovery of a large environmental contamination of drinking water by perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). As the exposed population showed a high prevalence of arterial hypertension and cardiovascular disease, we decided to investigate if PFAS could enhance the biosynthesis of aldosterone. To this aim, we exposed human adrenocortical carcinoma HAC15 cells to PFAS and found that PFAS markedly increased aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) gene expression and aldosterone secretion. Moreover, we found that they promoted reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in mitochondria, the organelles where aldosterone biosynthesis takes place. PFAS also enhanced the effects of the aldosterone secretagogue angiotensin II (Ang II) on CYP11B2 gene expression and aldosterone secretion. We also found that not only PFAS but also polychlorinated biphenyl 126 (PCB126), a chemical compound belonging to a different category of EDCs, can increase CYP11B2 gene expression and aldosterone secretion in adrenocortical cells. This novel information needs to be considered in the context of a widespread exposure to the most common EDC, that is excess Na intake, whose detrimental effects on human health occur in the setting of aldosterone production exceeding the physiological needs and lead to high blood pressure, congestion, and cardiovascular and renal damage.
PubMed: 37549779
DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2023.109292 -
Environmental Science and Pollution... Oct 2023Recent research has reported positive associations of exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) with hyperuricemia. However, most...
Recent research has reported positive associations of exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) with hyperuricemia. However, most of these studies have primarily focused on the individual effects of PCB/OCP exposure. We aimed to explore the associations of both individual and combined PCB/OCP exposure with hyperuricemia and examine whether such associations could be modified by lifestyle factors. The cross-sectional study recruited 2032 adults between March and May 2019 in Wuhan, China. Logistic regression and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression were applied to explore the relationship of individual and combined PCB/OCP exposure with hyperuricemia, while considering the modified effects of lifestyle factors. Of the 2032 participants, 522 (25.7%) had hyperuricemia. Compared with the non-detected group, the detected groups of PCB153 and PCB180 exhibited a positive association with hyperuricemia, with OR (95% CIs) of 1.52 (1.22, 1.91) and 1.51 (1.20, 1.90), respectively. WQS regression showed that PCB/OCP mixture was positively associated with hyperuricemia (OR: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.08, 1.58). PCB153/PCB180 exposure, combined with an unhealthy lifestyle, has a significant additive effect on hyperuricemia. Overall, PCB/OCP mixture and individual PCB153/PCB180 exposure were positively associated with hyperuricemia. Adherence to a healthy lifestyle may modify the potential negative impact of PCBs/OCPs on hyperuricemia.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Hyperuricemia; Cross-Sectional Studies; Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; Pesticides; Life Style; Environmental Pollutants
PubMed: 37726631
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29938-z -
Archives of Toxicology Oct 2023After the detection of high environmental and occupational exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in a German recycling company for transformers and capacitors in... (Review)
Review
After the detection of high environmental and occupational exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in a German recycling company for transformers and capacitors in 2010, the multidisciplinary medical surveillance program "HELPcB" (Health Effects in High-Level Exposure to PCB) was established for former PCB-exposed workers of the company, their family members, employees of surrounding companies, and area residents to investigate potential adverse health effects by PCB exposure in a longitudinal study approach with up to seven examination time points between 2010 and 2019. More than 300 individuals were enrolled into the program. Assessments particularly included plasma and urine concentrations of PCB congeners and their metabolites, clinical laboratory parameters, Comet assay, analysis of telomere length, neuropsychological examinations, psychological screening, abdominal and thyroid ultrasound examination. This review summarizes the main results of the studies conducted in the HELPcB program yielding relevant new data on potential adverse effects of PCB exposure in humans and potential mechanisms that underlie these effects. Even larger studies in PCB-exposed individuals are warranted to confirm the results of this program and to further establish causality between PCB exposure and clinical effects in humans.
Topics: Humans; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Longitudinal Studies; Comet Assay; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Electric Power Supplies
PubMed: 37594590
DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03578-1 -
Analytica Chimica Acta Aug 2024Dried blood spots (DBSs) collected and archived in newborn screening programs (NSP) represent a potentially valuable resource for assessing exposure to a range of...
BACKGROUND
Dried blood spots (DBSs) collected and archived in newborn screening programs (NSP) represent a potentially valuable resource for assessing exposure to a range of organic and inorganic chemicals in newborns. This study develops and optimizes a method to measure polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in DBS using the isotope dilution technique, ultrasonic-assisted liquid-liquid extraction, simple cleanup, triple quadrupole GC-MS/MS analysis, and background correction.
RESULTS
We minimize the number of extraction repetitions and the volume of solvent, which helps increase throughput while minimizing the potential for contamination. We obtained high recovery and precision for most compounds, and method detection limits (MDLs) were sufficiently low to detect the more prevalent compounds based on representative sample of the US population. MDLs averaged 0.020 ng/mL (recovery: 107 %, precision: 4 %) for PCNs, 0.021 ng/mL (recovery: 97 %, precision: 4 %) for PCBs, 0.021 ng/mL (recovery: 117 %, precision: 2 %) for OCPs, and 0.021 ng/mL (recovery: 96 %, precision: 3 %) for PBDEs.
SIGNIFICANCE AND NOVELTY
To our knowledge, this is the first study presenting an analytical method and for PCNs in DBS, and one of the few studies providing an assessment of method performance for persistent organic pollutants in DBS. The optimized method can be applied to a wide range of applications, including exposure assessment, environmental epidemiology, forensics, environmental surveillance, and ecological monitoring.
Topics: Dried Blood Spot Testing; Humans; Naphthalenes; Persistent Organic Pollutants; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Liquid-Liquid Extraction; Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; Infant, Newborn; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Limit of Detection; Pesticides
PubMed: 38879204
DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342756