-
Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of... Jul 2023Reinforced biphasic scaffolds were fabricated with based materials design of anatomical mimicking and evaluated to identify the certain application for maxillofacial...
Biphasic scaffolds of polyvinyl alcohol/gelatin reinforced with polycaprolactone as biomedical materials supporting for bone augmentation based on anatomical mimicking; fabrication, characterization, physical and mechanical properties, and in vitro testing.
Reinforced biphasic scaffolds were fabricated with based materials design of anatomical mimicking and evaluated to identify the certain application for maxillofacial surgery. The scaffolds created the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with a percentage of gelatin of 5% and were coated with polycaprolactone (PCL) that a different number of cycles 0, 1, 5, 10, and 15 cycles (PCL0, PCL1, PCL5, PCL10, and PCL15 were used to fabricate biphasic scaffolds via bubbling and freeze-thawing before reinforce with immersion coating techniques. The structure and morphology of the scaffolds were characterized and observed by a scanning electron microscope, a differential scanning calorimeter, and a thermogravimetric analyzer, respectively. The performance of the scaffolds was tested in terms of their swelling behavior, degradation, and mechanical properties. They were cultured with MC3T3E1 osteoblast cells and L929 fibroblast cells. The main biological performance of cell proliferation was analyzed, and protein synthesis, calcium synthesis, and alkaline phosphatase activity of the scaffolds were studied. Their morphology demonstrated fewer pores when coated with PCL. Mechanical strength of the modified scaffolds increased followed by the cycles of coating with PCL. The scaffolds with more cycle of PCL coating lower swelling and degradability than without PCL coating. They had more thermal stability than the scaffold without PCL coating. The scaffolds with PCL coating demonstrated better bio-functionality to activate cell response than without coating. Finally, the result exhibited that PCL10 provide a suitably reinforced biphasic scaffold with high promise for maxillofacial surgery.
Topics: Gelatin; Tissue Scaffolds; Polyvinyl Alcohol; Biocompatible Materials; Polyesters; In Vitro Techniques; Tissue Engineering
PubMed: 37257314
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105933 -
Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton,... 2024Cobalt-mediated radical polymerization (CMRP) enables the preparation of both short and long polymers from acrylic and vinyl ester monomers with low dispersity. Here we...
Cobalt-mediated radical polymerization (CMRP) enables the preparation of both short and long polymers from acrylic and vinyl ester monomers with low dispersity. Here we describe the synthesis, purification, and characterization of polymeric mimics of ice-binding proteins based on the water-soluble polymer poly(vinyl alcohol) by CMRP. Block copolymers of poly(vinyl alcohol) and poly(acrylic acid) were prepared from the precursor copolymers poly(vinyl acetate)-b-poly(acrylonitrile) upon hydrolysis. Copolymers comprising up to hundreds of monomers and dispersities M/M < 1.3 were produced by this method.
Topics: Carrier Proteins; Ice; Polyvinyl Alcohol; Polymers; Acrylonitrile; Cobalt
PubMed: 37943460
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3503-2_14 -
International Journal of Biological... Sep 2023The guided bone regeneration (GBR) membranes currently used in clinics are usually compromised by their limited osteogenic induction potential. In this study, we...
The guided bone regeneration (GBR) membranes currently used in clinics are usually compromised by their limited osteogenic induction potential. In this study, we fabricate a core-shell poly(ε-caprolactone)/chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol (PCL/CS/PVA) GBR membrane with different amount of resveratrol (RSV), endowing the PCL/CS/PVA GBR membrane with superior osteogenic induction ability, which was not attained by the regular GBR membrane. The prepared GBR membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and CCK-8 and live-dead staining assays, and their osteogenic induction ability was evaluated using Col-I immunofluorescence staining, micro-computed tomography, haematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemical staining. Results of the in vitro release experiment confirmed that the membranes exhibited a continuous RSV release profile for 15 days. Furthermore, the cumulative releasing of RSV was increased from 39.68 ± 2.09 μg to 65.8 ± 2.91 μg with increasing contents of RSV from 0.1 % to 0.5 % (w/v) in the core layer of GBR membranes. In particular, the PCL/CS/PVA GBR membrane loading with 0.5 % RSV most efficiently release RSV in a sustained and controlled manner, which significantly induced osteogenic differentiation of pre-osteoblasts in vitro and bone regeneration in vivo. Based on the in vivo histological findings, newly formed bone tissues with 82.46 ± 9.86 % BV/TV and 0.70 ± 0.07gcm BMD were generated in the defect sites treated by the GBR membrane loaded with 0.5 % RSV, which were the largest values among those for all three groups after 12 weeks of post implantation. Overall, the PCL/CS/PVA GBR membrane loaded with 0.5 % RSV has significant potential for bone regeneration.
Topics: Osteogenesis; Chitosan; Resveratrol; Biocompatible Materials; X-Ray Microtomography; Polyvinyl Alcohol; Bone Regeneration; Polyesters; Membranes, Artificial
PubMed: 37536411
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126085 -
Biomedical Materials (Bristol, England) Apr 2024This study utilized the freeze-drying method to create a chitosan (CS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) sponge. To enhance its antibacterial properties, curcumin and nano...
This study utilized the freeze-drying method to create a chitosan (CS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) sponge. To enhance its antibacterial properties, curcumin and nano silver (Cur@Ag) were added for synergistic antibacterial. After adding curcumin and nano silver, the mechanical properties of the composite sponge dressing (CS-PVA-Cur@Ag) were improved. The porosity of the composite sponge dressing was closed to 80%, which was helpful for drug release, and it had good water absorption and water retention rate. The nano silver diameter was 50-80 nm, which was optimal for killing bacteria. Antibacterial tests usedanddemonstrated that little nano silver was required to eliminate bacteria. Finally, in the rat full-thickness skin wound model, the composite sponge dressing can promote wound healing in a short time. In summary, CS-PVA-Cur@Ag wound dressing could protect from bacterial infection and accelerate wound healing. Thus, it had high potential application value for wound dressing.
Topics: Rats; Animals; Chitosan; Polyvinyl Alcohol; Curcumin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria; Water; Silver
PubMed: 38593822
DOI: 10.1088/1748-605X/ad3c87 -
ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering May 2024Tissue engineering involves implanting grafts into damaged tissue sites to guide and stimulate the formation of new tissue, which is an important strategy in the field... (Review)
Review
Tissue engineering involves implanting grafts into damaged tissue sites to guide and stimulate the formation of new tissue, which is an important strategy in the field of tissue defect treatment. Scaffolds prepared in vitro meet this requirement and are able to provide a biochemical microenvironment for cell growth, adhesion, and tissue formation. Scaffolds made of piezoelectric materials can apply electrical stimulation to the tissue without an external power source, speeding up the tissue repair process. Among piezoelectric polymers, poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and its copolymers have the largest piezoelectric coefficients and are widely used in biomedical fields, including implanted sensors, drug delivery, and tissue repair. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of PVDF and its copolymers and fillers for manufacturing scaffolds as well as the roles in improving piezoelectric output, bioactivity, and mechanical properties. Then, common fabrication methods are outlined such as 3D printing, electrospinning, solvent casting, and phase separation. In addition, the applications and mechanisms of scaffold-based PVDF in tissue engineering are introduced, such as bone, nerve, muscle, skin, and blood vessel. Finally, challenges, perspectives, and strategies of scaffold-based PVDF and its copolymers in the future are discussed.
Topics: Polyvinyls; Tissue Scaffolds; Tissue Engineering; Humans; Printing, Three-Dimensional; Biocompatible Materials; Polymers; Animals; Fluorocarbon Polymers
PubMed: 38621173
DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01989 -
Chemosphere Oct 2023Aminoglycoside antibiotics (AGs) in environmental water are emerging pollutants that must be removed to protect human health and the ecosystem. However, removing AGs...
Aminoglycoside antibiotics (AGs) in environmental water are emerging pollutants that must be removed to protect human health and the ecosystem. However, removing AGs from environmental water remains a technical challenge due to high polarity, stronger hydrophilicity and unique characteristics of polycation. Herein, a thermal-crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol electrospun nanofiber membrane (T-PVA NFsM) is synthesized and firstly leveraged as the adsorptive removal of AGs from environmental water. The thermal crosslinking strategy is demonstrated to enhance both the water resistance and hydrophilicity of T-PVA NFsM, thereby effectively interacting with AGs with high stability. Experimental characterizations and analog calculations indicate that T-PVA NFsM utilizes multiple adsorption mechanisms, including electrostatic and hydrogen bonding interactions with AGs. As a result, the material achieves 91.09%-100% adsorption efficiencies and a maximum adsorption capacity of 110.35 mg g in less than 30 min. Furthermore, the adsorption kinetics follow the pseudo-second-order model. After eight consecutive adsorption-desorption cycles, T-PVA NFsM with a simplified recycling process maintains a sustainable adsorption capability. Compared with other forms of adsorption materials, T-PVA NFsM has significant advantages such as less consumption of adsorbent, high adsorption efficiency and fast removal speed. Therefore, T-PVA NFsM-based adsorptive removal holds promise for eliminating AGs from environmental water.
Topics: Humans; Adsorption; Water; Ecosystem; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Aminoglycosides; Kinetics; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Polyvinyl Alcohol
PubMed: 37422219
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139379 -
Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of... Sep 2023The development of multifunctional and low-cost hydrogel dressings with good mechanical properties, antibacterial activity, and nontoxicity is of great relevance in...
The development of multifunctional and low-cost hydrogel dressings with good mechanical properties, antibacterial activity, and nontoxicity is of great relevance in healthcare. This study aimed to prepare a series of hydrogels consisting of maltodextrin (MD), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and tannic acid (TA) through a freeze-thaw cycling technique. Micro-acid hydrogels with different mass ratios (0, 0.25, 0.5, and 1 wt%) were obtained by adjusting the TA content. Among all hydrogels, TA-MP2 hydrogels (with a TA content of 0.5 wt%) showed good physicochemical and mechanical properties. In addition, the biocompatibility of TA-MP2 hydrogels was confirmed by the high cell survival rate of NIH3T3 cells, which was over 90% after 24 h and 48 h of incubation. Additionally, TA-MP2 hydrogels showed multifunctional properties, including antibacterial and antioxidative effects. In vivo experiments showed that TA-MP2 hydrogel dressings significantly accelerated wound healing in a full-layer skin wound model. These findings indicated the potential of TA-MP2 hydrogel dressings in promoting wound healing.
Topics: Animals; Mice; Polyvinyl Alcohol; Tannins; NIH 3T3 Cells; Hydrogen Bonding; Wound Healing; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Hydrogels
PubMed: 37423009
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105942 -
International Journal of Nanomedicine 2024Polyvinyl alcohol/Chitosan hydrogel is often employed as a carrier because it is non-toxic, biodegradable, and has a three-dimensional network structure. Meanwhile,...
BACKGROUND
Polyvinyl alcohol/Chitosan hydrogel is often employed as a carrier because it is non-toxic, biodegradable, and has a three-dimensional network structure. Meanwhile, Magnesium-doped nano-hydroxyapatite(Mg-nHA) demonstrated high characterization to promote the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cell(BMSCs). Therefore, in order to develop a porous hydrogel scaffold for the application of bone tissue engineering, an appropriate-type Mg-nHA hydrogel scaffold was developed and evaluated.
METHODS
A composite hydrogel containing magnesium-doped nano-hydroxyapatite (Mg-nHA/PVA/CS) was developed using a magnetic stirring-ion exchange method and cyclic freeze-thaw method design, with polyvinyl alcohol and chitosan as the main components. Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), electron energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed to analyze the chemical structure, porosity, and elemental composition of each hydrogels. The equilibrium swelling degree, moisture content, pH change, potential for biomineralization, biocompatibility, the osteogenic potential and magnesium ion release rate of the composite hydrogel were also evaluated.
RESULTS
SEM analysis revealed a well-defined 3D spatial structure of micropores in the synthesised hydrogel. FTIR analysis showed that doping nanoparticles had little effect on the hydrogel's structure and both the 5% Mg-nHA/PVA/CS and 10% Mg-nHA/PVA/CS groups promoted amide bond formation. EDS observation indicated that the new material exhibited favourable biomineralization ability, with optimal performance seen in the 5% Mg-nHA/PVA/CS group. The composite hydrogel not only displayed favourable water content, enhanced biocompatibility, and porosity (similar to human cancellous bone), but also maintained an equilibrium swelling degree and released magnesium ions that created an alkaline environment around it. Additionally, it facilitated the proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and their osteogenic differentiation.
CONCLUSION
The Mg-nHA/PVA/CS hydrogel demonstrates significant potential for application in the field of bone repair, making it an excellent composite material for bone tissue engineering.
Topics: Humans; Chitosan; Durapatite; Osteogenesis; Magnesium; Polyvinyl Alcohol; Hydrogels
PubMed: 38269254
DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S434060 -
International Journal of Biological... Jan 2024Dye pollution in the aquatic environment can harm ecosystems and human health. Here, we developed a new green adsorbent by applying an improved drying process. Diatomite...
Dye pollution in the aquatic environment can harm ecosystems and human health. Here, we developed a new green adsorbent by applying an improved drying process. Diatomite was embedded in a network structure formed between chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol without using any crosslinking agent to prepare chitosan-polyvinyl alcohol-diatomite hydrogel beads through alkali solidification. The beads were tested for removing a cationic dye (methylene blue (MB)) from water. The structure of the adsorbent beads was analysed using scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The adsorption capacity was investigated, and the results indicated excellent MB adsorption properties. The adsorbents had a rough surface and high swelling capacity of 66.9 g/g. The maximum MB adsorption capacity was 414.70 mg/g, and the adsorption followed the Freundlich isothermal and quasi-second-order kinetic models. The adsorption was an endothermic spontaneous process governed by both intra-particle and external diffusion processes. The proposed adsorption mechanisms involved hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions. These adsorbent beads have considerable application potentials owing to their high adsorption capacity, green composition, and non-polluting nature.
Topics: Humans; Polyvinyl Alcohol; Methylene Blue; Chitosan; Water; Ecosystem; Water Purification; Adsorption; Kinetics; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Hydrogels; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
PubMed: 37926301
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127886 -
International Journal of Biological... Apr 2024Conductive hydrogels become increasing attractive for flexible electronic devices and biosensors. However, challenges still remain in fabrication of flexible hydrogels...
Conductive hydrogels become increasing attractive for flexible electronic devices and biosensors. However, challenges still remain in fabrication of flexible hydrogels with high electrical conductivity, self-healing capability and adhesion property. Herein, a conductive hydrogel (PSDM) was prepared by solution-gel method using MXene and dopamine modified polypyrrole as conductive enhanced materials, polyvinyl alcohol and silk fibroin as gel networks, and borax as cross-linking agent. Notably, the PSDM hydrogels not only showed high permeability (13.82 mg∙cm∙h), excellent stretch ability (1235 %), high electrical conductivity (11.3 S/m) and long-term stability, but also exhibited high adhesion performance and self-healing properties. PSDM hydrogels displayed outstanding sensing performance and durability for monitoring human activities including writing, finger bending and wrist bending. The PSDM hydrogel was made into wearable flexible electrodes and realized accurate, sensitive and reliable detection of human electromyographic and electrocardiographic signals. The sensor was also applied in human-computer interaction by collecting electromyography signals of different gestures for machine learning and gesture recognition. According to 480 groups of data collected, the recognition accuracy of gestures by the electrodes was close to 100 %, indicating that the PSDM hydrogel electrodes possessed excellent sensing performance for high precision data acquisition and human-computer interaction interface.
Topics: Humans; Polymers; Polyvinyl Alcohol; Fibroins; Pyrroles; Prunella; Electric Conductivity; Hydrogels; Wearable Electronic Devices; Nitrites; Transition Elements
PubMed: 38423420
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130439