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Annals of Medicine Dec 2024This comprehensive review aims to explore the potential applications of Gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) in the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer.... (Review)
Review
This comprehensive review aims to explore the potential applications of Gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) in the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. Additionally, the study investigates the role of GRPR in prognostic assessment for individuals afflicted with prostate cancer. The review encompasses a thorough examination of existing literature and research studies related to the upregulation of GRPR in various tumor types, with a specific focus on prostate. The review also evaluates the utility of GRPR as a molecular target in prostate cancer research, comparing its significance to the well-established Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA). The integration of radionuclide-targeted therapy with GRPR antagonists is explored as an innovative therapeutic approach for individuals with prostate cancer. Research findings suggest that GRPR serves as a promising molecular target for visualizing low-grade prostate cancer. Furthermore, it is demonstrated to complement the detection of lesions that may be negative for PSMA. The integration of radionuclide-targeted therapy with GRPR antagonists presents a novel therapeutic paradigm, offering potential benefits for individuals undergoing treatment for prostate cancer. In conclusion, this review highlights the emerging role of GRPR in prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment. Moreover, the integration of radionuclide-targeted therapy with GRPR antagonists introduces an innovative therapeutic approach that holds promise for improving outcomes in individuals dealing with prostate cancer. The potential prognostic value of GRPR in assessing the disease's progression adds another dimension to its clinical significance in the realm of urology.
Topics: Male; Humans; Receptors, Bombesin; Prostatic Neoplasms; Biomarkers; Up-Regulation; Radioisotopes
PubMed: 38442298
DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2320301 -
Current Problems in Cancer Jun 2024Genetic testing is an integral part of the workup of metastatic prostate cancer, in part, because the results can have a profound impact on the subsequent management of... (Review)
Review
Genetic testing is an integral part of the workup of metastatic prostate cancer, in part, because the results can have a profound impact on the subsequent management of this disease. There are now several Food & Drug Administration (FDA) approved therapeutics available for patients with prostate cancer and certain genetic abnormalities - most notably, mutations in DNA damage repair (DDR) pathways such mismatch repair (MMR) and homologous recombination repair (HRR). In this review of the current literature, we discuss the indications for somatic and germline testing, the genetic changes of particular clinical relevance, the associated therapeutic options, and the clinical data supporting their use. We also highlight select trials-in-progress and future directions for the field.
Topics: Humans; Male; Prostatic Neoplasms; Germ-Line Mutation; Mutation; Genetic Testing
PubMed: 38718711
DOI: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101101 -
Urologic Oncology Oct 2023Rural disparities in prostate cancer survivorship and cardiovascular disease remain. Prostate cancer treatment also contributes to worse cardiovascular disease outcomes....
PURPOSE
Rural disparities in prostate cancer survivorship and cardiovascular disease remain. Prostate cancer treatment also contributes to worse cardiovascular disease outcomes. Our objective was to determine whether rural-urban differences in cardiovascular outcomes contribute to disparities in prostate cancer survivorship.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Data were collected from the Utah Population Database. Rural and urban prostate cancer survivors were matched by diagnosis year and age. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios for cardiovascular disease (levels 1-3) based on rural-urban classification, while controlling for demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. We identified 3,379 rural and 16,253 urban prostate cancer survivors with a median follow-up of 9.3 years.
RESULTS
Results revealed that rural survivors had a lower risk of hypertension (HR 0.90), diseases of arteries (HR 0.92), and veins (HR 0.92) but a higher risk of congestive heart failure (HR 1.17). Interactions between level 2 cardiovascular diseases and rural/urban status, showed that diseases of the heart had a distinct between-group relationship for all-cause (P = 0.005) and cancer-specific mortality (P = 0.008).
CONCLUSIONS
This study revealed complex relationships between rural-urban status, cardiovascular disease, and prostate cancer. Rural survivors were less likely to be diagnosed with screen-detected cardiovascular disease but more likely to have heart failure. Further, the relationship between cardiovascular disease and survival was different between rural and urban survivors. It may be that our findings underscore differences in healthcare access where rural patients are less likely to be screened for preventable cardiovascular disease and have worse outcomes when they have a major cardiovascular event.
Topics: Male; Humans; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cancer Survivors; Prostate; Urban Population; Prostatic Neoplasms; Survivors
PubMed: 37455231
DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2023.06.008 -
Nature Reviews. Urology Aug 2023PIONEER is a European network of excellence for big data in prostate cancer consisting of 37 private and public stakeholders from 9 countries across Europe. Many... (Review)
Review
PIONEER is a European network of excellence for big data in prostate cancer consisting of 37 private and public stakeholders from 9 countries across Europe. Many progresses have been done in prostate cancer management, but unanswered questions in the field still exist, and big data could help to answer these questions. The PIONEER consortium conducted a two-round modified Delphi survey aiming at building consensus between two stakeholder groups - health-care professionals and patients with prostate cancer - about the most important questions in the field of prostate cancer to be answered using big data. Respondents were asked to consider what would be the effect of answering the proposed questions on improving diagnosis and treatment outcomes for patients with prostate cancer and to score these questions on a scale of 1 (not important) to 9 (critically important). The mean percentage of participants who scored each of the proposed questions as critically important was calculated across the two stakeholder groups and used to rank the questions and identify the highest scoring questions in the critically important category. The identification of questions in prostate cancer that are important to various stakeholders will help the PIONEER consortium to provide answers to these questions to improve the clinical care of patients with prostate cancer.
Topics: Male; Humans; Consensus; Prostatic Neoplasms; Treatment Outcome; Europe
PubMed: 37012441
DOI: 10.1038/s41585-023-00748-9 -
The Medical Letter on Drugs and... Aug 2023
Topics: Male; Humans; Prostatic Neoplasms; Phthalazines; Nitriles
PubMed: 37541769
DOI: 10.58347/tml.2023.1682e -
The Quarterly Journal of Nuclear... Jun 2024
Topics: Humans; Prostatic Neoplasms; Nuclear Medicine; Male
PubMed: 38860272
DOI: 10.23736/S1824-4785.24.03578-7 -
International Journal of Molecular... Aug 2023The incidence of prostate cancer (PC) has risen annually. PC mortality is explained by the metastatic disease (mPC). There is an intermediate scenario in which patients... (Review)
Review
The incidence of prostate cancer (PC) has risen annually. PC mortality is explained by the metastatic disease (mPC). There is an intermediate scenario in which patients have non-mPC but have initiated a metastatic cascade through epithelial-mesenchymal transition. There is indeed a need for more and better tools to predict which patients will progress in the future to non-localized clinical disease or already have micrometastatic disease and, therefore, will clinically progress after primary treatment. Biomarkers for the prediction of mPC are still under development; there are few studies and not much evidence of their usefulness. This review is focused on tissue-based genomic biomarkers (TBGB) for the prediction of metastatic disease. We develop four main research questions that we attempt to answer according to the current evidence. Why is it important to predict metastatic disease? Which tests are available to predict metastatic disease? What impact should there be on clinical guidelines and clinical practice in predicting metastatic disease? What are the current prostate cancer treatments? The importance of predicting metastasis is fundamental given that, once metastasis is diagnosed, quality of life (QoL) and survival drop dramatically. There is still a need and space for more cost-effective TBGB tests that predict mPC disease.
Topics: Male; Female; Humans; Quality of Life; Prostatic Neoplasms; Biomarkers; Genital Neoplasms, Female; Neoplasm Metastasis
PubMed: 37569883
DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512508 -
International Review of Cell and... 2024Prostate cancer is the second most prevalent cancer in men globally. De novo neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is uncommon at initial diagnosis, however,...
Prostate cancer is the second most prevalent cancer in men globally. De novo neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is uncommon at initial diagnosis, however, (treatment-induced) t-NEPC emerges in up to 25% of prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD) cases treated with androgen deprivation, carrying a drastically poor prognosis. The transition from PRAD to t-NEPC is underpinned by several key genetic mutations; TP53, RB1, and MYCN are the main genes implicated, bearing similarities to other neuroendocrine tumours. A broad range of epigenetic alterations, such as aberrations in DNA methylation, histone post-translational modifications, and non-coding RNAs, may drive lineage plasticity from PRAD to t-NEPC. The clinical diagnosis of NEPC is hampered by a lack of accessible biomarkers; recent advances in liquid biopsy techniques assessing circulating tumour cells and ctDNA in NEPC suggest that the advent of non-invasive means of monitoring progression to NEPC is on the horizon. Such techniques are vital for NEPC management; diagnosis of t-NEPC is crucial for implementing effective treatment, and precision medicine will be integral to providing the best outcomes for patients.
Topics: Male; Humans; Prostatic Neoplasms; Androgen Antagonists; Neuroendocrine Tumors; Epigenesis, Genetic
PubMed: 38359970
DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2023.06.002 -
Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases Sep 2023
Topics: Male; Humans; Prostatic Neoplasms; Healthcare Disparities; White People
PubMed: 37117304
DOI: 10.1038/s41391-023-00665-3 -
European Urology Oncology Dec 2023Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and medical imaging have opened new avenues for the diagnosis and management of prostate cancer. In particular, AI technology...
Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and medical imaging have opened new avenues for the diagnosis and management of prostate cancer. In particular, AI technology can enhance the performance of fusion magnetic resonance imaging-targeted biopsy of the prostate, and has the potential to enhance the usability and precision of this biopsy technique, guide treatment decisions, and further advance prostate cancer care.
Topics: Male; Humans; Prostate; Artificial Intelligence; Ultrasonography, Interventional; Prostatic Neoplasms; Image-Guided Biopsy; Magnetic Resonance Imaging
PubMed: 37586959
DOI: 10.1016/j.euo.2023.06.013