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Asian Journal of Surgery May 2024
PubMed: 38724355
DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2024.04.170 -
World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics Sep 2023Investigating gastrointestinal (GI) motility disorders relies on diagnostic tools to assess muscular contractions, peristalsis propagation and the integrity and... (Review)
Review
Investigating gastrointestinal (GI) motility disorders relies on diagnostic tools to assess muscular contractions, peristalsis propagation and the integrity and coordination of various sphincters. Manometries are the gold standard to study the GI motor function but it is increasingly acknowledged that manometries do not provide a complete picture in relation to sphincters competencies and muscle fibrosis. Endolumenal functional lumen imaging probe (EndoFLIP) an emerging technology, uses impedance planimetry to measure hollow organs cross sectional area, distensibility and compliance. It has been successfully used as a complementary tool in the assessment of the upper and lower oesophageal sphincters, oesophageal body, the pylorus and the anal canal. In this article, we aim to review the uses of EndoFLIP as a tool to investigate GI motility disorders with a special focus on paediatric practice. The majority of EndoFLIP studies were conducted in adult patients but the uptake of the technology in paediatrics is increasing. EndoFLIP can provide a useful complementary data to the existing GI motility investigation in both children and adults.
PubMed: 37753495
DOI: 10.5409/wjcp.v12.i4.162 -
International Journal of Surgical... Dec 2023Gastroblastoma is an extremely rare biphasic tumor that typically occurs in the stomach in patients between the ages of 10 and 30. Only 16 cases have been reported... (Review)
Review
Gastroblastoma is an extremely rare biphasic tumor that typically occurs in the stomach in patients between the ages of 10 and 30. Only 16 cases have been reported previously. These tumors are important to diagnose and distinguish from more aggressive neoplasms; although numbers are small, prognosis appears excellent overall with complete excision, with only occasional metastasis and/or local recurrence. We report a case of gastroblastoma in a 26-year-old male arising from the pylorus and extending through the first and second portions of the duodenum. This is the first case to be reported from this specific location.
Topics: Male; Humans; Child; Adolescent; Young Adult; Adult; Pylorus; Stomach Neoplasms; Duodenum; Gastrectomy
PubMed: 36823781
DOI: 10.1177/10668969231157310 -
Zootaxa Aug 2023Damarchus pylorus sp. nov., D. lanna sp. nov. and D. dao sp. nov. are described from males and females collected in western and northern Thailand. Damarchus pylorus sp....
Damarchus pylorus sp. nov., D. lanna sp. nov. and D. dao sp. nov. are described from males and females collected in western and northern Thailand. Damarchus pylorus sp. nov. and D. lanna sp. nov. are morphologically unique within the genus by males having a para-embolic apophysis and a keel composed of coarse laminae on the lower (posterior) side of the palpal organ, and by females having sperm receptacles, composed of a strongly sclerotized base and an unsclerotized head, situated on the ventral side of a relatively long genital atrium. The distantly related D. dao sp. nov. is distinguished from all other congeners by males having a tibia I coupling spur with three megaspines. Presumed relationships of these three species and of the genus Damarchus are discussed. Information on biology and burrow structures of the new species is provided. Damarchus pylorus sp. nov. stands out by plugging the side shaft of its burrow with a soil pellet; similar plugging devices in unbranched burrows are known from other spider families.
Topics: Humans; Female; Male; Animals; Thailand; Animal Distribution; Semen; Spiders; Coleoptera
PubMed: 38221080
DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5336.4.2 -
Neurogastroenterology and Motility Sep 2023The common occurrence of gastric disorders, the accelerating emphasis on the role of the gut-brain axis, and development of realistic, predictive models of gastric... (Review)
Review
The common occurrence of gastric disorders, the accelerating emphasis on the role of the gut-brain axis, and development of realistic, predictive models of gastric function, all place emphasis on increasing understanding of the stomach and its control. However, the ways that regions of the stomach have been described anatomically, physiologically, and histologically do not align well. Mammalian single compartment stomachs can be considered as having four anatomical regions fundus, corpus, antrum, and pyloric sphincter. Functional regions are the proximal stomach, primarily concerned with adjusting gastric volume, the distal stomach, primarily involved in churning and propelling the content, and the pyloric sphincter that regulates passage of chyme into the duodenum. The proximal stomach extends from the dome of the fundus to a circumferential band where propulsive waves commence (slow waves of the pacemaker region), and the distal stomach consists of the pacemaker region and the more distal regions that are traversed by waves of excitation, that travel as far as the pyloric sphincter. Thus, the proximal stomach includes the fundus and different extents of the corpus, whereas the distal stomach consists of the remainder of the corpus and the antrum. The distributions of aglandular regions and of specialized glands, such as oxyntic glands, differ vastly between species and, across species, have little or no relation to anatomical or functional regions. It is hoped that this review helps to clarify nomenclature that defines gastric regions that will provide an improved basis for drawing conclusions for different investigations of the stomach.
Topics: Animals; Stomach; Pylorus; Gastric Fundus; Stomach Diseases; Duodenum; Pyloric Antrum; Mammals
PubMed: 36912719
DOI: 10.1111/nmo.14560