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Clinical Rehabilitation Nov 2023To evaluate the efficacy of aerobic training, resistance training combined with external diaphragm pacing in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Efficacy of aerobic training and resistance training combined with external diaphragm pacing in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A randomized controlled study.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the efficacy of aerobic training, resistance training combined with external diaphragm pacing in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
DESIGN
Randomized controlled trial.
SETTING
The Fourth Rehabilitation Hospital of Shanghai, China.
PARTICIPANTS
82 (67.0 ± 6.5 years, 59.8% male) patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were randomized to intervention group 1 ( = 27), intervention group 2 ( = 28), and control group ( = 27).
INTERVENTION
Intervention group 1 received aerobic and resistance training, while intervention group 2 received additional external diaphragm pacing. Control group received aerobic training only.
MAIN MEASURES
1-year follow-up of physical activity, body composition, respiratory function and diaphragm function.
RESULTS
Intervention groups 1 and 2 showed statistically improvements in the difference value compared with control group in terms of 6-min walk distance (-95.28 ± 20.09 and -101.92 ± 34.91 vs -63.58 ± 23.38), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (-0.042 ± 0.027 and -0.130 ± 0.050 vs -0.005 ± 0.068), fat-free mass (-2.11 ± 3.74 and -3.82 ± 3.74vs 0.28 ± 1.49) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease assessment test value (2.16 ± 0.85 and 2.38 ± 1.02 vs 1.50 ± 0.93). Intervention group 2 showed significant difference in arterial oxygen pressure (-4.46 ± 3.22 vs -1.92 ± 3.45), diaphragm excursion during deep breaths (-0.82 ± 0.74 vs -0.38 ± 0.29), and diaphragm thickness fraction (-8.77 ± 3.22 vs -4.88 ± 2.69) compared with control group.
CONCLUSION
The combination of aerobic training, resistance training, and external diaphragm pacing obtained significant improvements in physical activity, respiratory function, body composition, arterial oxygen pressure, and diaphragm function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
ChiCTR1800020257, www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Resistance Training; Diaphragm; China; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Forced Expiratory Volume
PubMed: 37122164
DOI: 10.1177/02692155231172005 -
Scientific Reports Sep 2023The current study is of the quasi-experimental type, with a pre-and post-test design, and subjects were randomly assigned to one of two groups: control (n = 8) and... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
The current study is of the quasi-experimental type, with a pre-and post-test design, and subjects were randomly assigned to one of two groups: control (n = 8) and experimental (test) (n = 8). Based on the patient's self-report and using daily diet control tables, the patient's diet planning percentage of energy supply was managed and controlled for 3 days. The protocol for functional resistance training for these circular exercises, including the squat, lunge, bear crawl, rock press, jumping jack, and back fly lunge, was performed three times per week without specialized apparatus. Ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS) were measured before and after functional resistance training, using echocardiography. Liver Stiffness and steatosis were measured using FibroScan, and the liver function was determined using biochemical assays. The average age of patients in the control group and the test group were 46.02 ± 5.4 and 48.6 ± 2.51, respectively. Pre-test and post-test of the body mass index were 32.06 ± 5.06 and 30.02 ± 3.97, and for the body fat percentage were 33.65 ± 6.09 and 25.41 ± 4.99. In non-alcoholic fatty liver patients, due to functional resistance training, EF (p-value = 0.003) and FS (p-value = 0.03) significantly increased, and C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP) (p-value = 0.001), steatosis (p-value = 0.04), and stiffness (p-value = 0.01) decreased. According to the results and without considering clinical trials, functional resistance training affects the structure and function of the heart and Liver in NAFLD patients.
Topics: Humans; Animals; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; Resistance Training; Heart; Echocardiography; C-Reactive Protein; Ursidae
PubMed: 37726373
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42687-w -
Clinical Nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) Oct 2023The potential effects of resistance training on sarcopenia in patients with intestinal failure (IF) are not fully elucidated. This study aimed to explore the efficacy of... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
The potential effects of resistance training on sarcopenia in patients with intestinal failure (IF) are not fully elucidated. This study aimed to explore the efficacy of a resistance training program on appendicular skeletal muscle index (ASMI), physical performance, body composition, biochemical parameters, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients with IF exhibiting sarcopenia.
METHODS
A single-center randomized controlled trial was conducted in a Chinese tertiary teaching hospital. Patients with IF exhibiting sarcopenia were randomly assigned to the exercise group or control group. Participants in the exercise group incorporated four sets of resistance training involving the limbs and abdominal and lower back muscles, six times weekly for 4 weeks. The control group received no specific intervention. The primary outcome was the between-group difference in ASMI 4 weeks after intervention. Secondary outcomes included handgrip strength, 6-m gait speed, body composition, biochemical parameters, and HRQOL.
RESULTS
A total of 60 participants (control group 30, age 51.2 ± 12.9 years, women 43.3%; exercise group 30, age 53.9 ± 14.5 years, women 56.7%) completed the 4-week intervention trial. For the primary outcome, significant intervention effects were found in ASMI between the exercise group and the control group (mean difference 0.72, 95% CI, 0.56-0.89, P < 0.001). There were notable differences in handgrip strength (mean difference 2.7, 95% CI, 1.7-3.6, P < 0.001), 6-m gait speed (mean difference 0.08, 95% CI, 0.01-0.35, P = 0.034), body composition (including total cell mass, bone mineral content, skeletal muscle mass, lean mass, visceral fat area, total body water, intracellular water, extracellular water, and segmental water-legs), and biochemical parameters (including IGF-1, prealbumin, and hemoglobin) between the two groups (P < 0.05). No significant intervention benefits were observed for other secondary outcomes, including biochemical parameters (including albumin, total bilirubin, etc.) and HRQOL (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
In this randomized clinical trial, we observed that 4 weeks of resistance training was associated with improved ASMI, physical performance, biochemical parameters (including IGF-1, prealbumin, and hemoglobin), and body composition in IF patients with sarcopenia. Resistance training can be recommended as a simple and effective method to improve sarcopenia in patients with IF.
CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION
www.chictr.org.cn, identifier: ChiCTR2100051727.
Topics: Humans; Female; Adult; Middle Aged; Aged; Sarcopenia; Muscle Strength; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Prealbumin; Hand Strength; Resistance Training; Quality of Life; Intestinal Failure; Muscle, Skeletal
PubMed: 37625319
DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.07.013 -
ELife Nov 2023Low-protein (LP) diets extend the lifespan of diverse species and are associated with improved metabolic health in both rodents and humans. Paradoxically, many athletes...
Low-protein (LP) diets extend the lifespan of diverse species and are associated with improved metabolic health in both rodents and humans. Paradoxically, many athletes and bodybuilders consume high-protein (HP) diets and protein supplements, yet are both fit and metabolically healthy. Here, we examine this paradox using weight pulling, a validated progressive resistance exercise training regimen, in mice fed either an LP diet or an isocaloric HP diet. We find that despite having lower food consumption than the LP group, HP-fed mice gain significantly more fat mass than LP-fed mice when not exercising, while weight pulling protected HP-fed mice from this excess fat accretion. The HP diet augmented exercise-induced hypertrophy of the forearm flexor complex, and weight pulling ability increased more rapidly in the exercised HP-fed mice. Surprisingly, exercise did not protect from HP-induced changes in glycemic control. Our results confirm that HP diets can augment muscle hypertrophy and accelerate strength gain induced by resistance exercise without negative effects on fat mass, and also demonstrate that LP diets may be advantageous in the sedentary. Our results highlight the need to consider both dietary composition and activity, not simply calories, when taking a precision nutrition approach to health.
Topics: Humans; Animals; Mice; Resistance Training; Glycemic Control; Cadherins; Diet, High-Protein; Hypertrophy
PubMed: 38019262
DOI: 10.7554/eLife.91007 -
Journal of Health Psychology Sep 2023This study investigated the effects of resistance training (RT) on the sleep quality of patients with fibromyalgia (FM), through a systematic review. The search was... (Review)
Review
This study investigated the effects of resistance training (RT) on the sleep quality of patients with fibromyalgia (FM), through a systematic review. The search was carried out in the PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Initially, 148 studies were found, of which six were included for qualitative analysis. Four studies showed significant improvement in sleep after RT. Compared to other exercise modalities, RT proved to be superior to flexibility training and equivalent to aerobic exercise. Interventions lasted from 4 to 21 weeks, the weekly frequency ranged from two to three times, and the intensity ranged from 40% to 80% 1RM, with exercises for the major muscle groups. RT is an intervention that can be used to treat FM, however, more studies are needed to verify its effectiveness in improving sleep.
Topics: Humans; Fibromyalgia; Resistance Training; Exercise Therapy; Exercise; Sleep
PubMed: 37183814
DOI: 10.1177/13591053231172288 -
BMJ Open Oct 2023Patellofemoral pain (PFP) syndrome is a common knee joint functional disorder. Blood flow restriction (BFR) training has shown promise in improving PFP; however, the...
Comparing the effect of intermittent blood flow restriction training and high-load resistance training in patients with patellofemoral pain: study protocol for a randomised trial.
BACKGROUND
Patellofemoral pain (PFP) syndrome is a common knee joint functional disorder. Blood flow restriction (BFR) training has shown promise in improving PFP; however, the effectiveness of intermittent BFR (iBFR) training remains uncertain. This study aims to compare the rehabilitative effects of iBFR combined with low-load resistance training and high-load resistance training in PFP patients and to assess the effectiveness of iBFR combined with low-load resistance training for improving PFP.
METHODS AND ANALYSIS
This randomised, patient-assessor blinded, controlled trial will include 42 eligible PFP patients randomly allocated to an intervention group (iBFR combined with low-load resistance training) or a control group (high-load resistance training) in a 1:1 ratio. Participants will receive interventions three times per week for 8 weeks and will be followed up for 24 weeks. The primary outcome measure is pain, and the secondary outcomes include self-reported function, quality of life, muscle strength and muscle thickness. Assessments will be conducted at baseline, 8 weeks and 24 weeks during follow-up. Intention-to-treat analysis will be performed.Collectively, we expect that the findings of this randomised clinical trial will contribute to understanding the potential benefits of iBFR training and provide insightful guidance for developing more effective treatment strategies for patients with PFP.
ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION
This study was approved by the Sports Science Experiment Ethics Committee of Beijing Sport University (2022274H). Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants. Trial results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2300068281).
Topics: Humans; Resistance Training; Blood Flow Restriction Therapy; Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome; Quality of Life; Pain; Osteoarthritis, Knee; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 37865415
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073188 -
Nutrients Oct 2023Menopause is a condition associated with an increased risk of dysregulation in cardiovascular and metabolic health among older women. While fish oil (FO) has garnered... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Menopause is a condition associated with an increased risk of dysregulation in cardiovascular and metabolic health among older women. While fish oil (FO) has garnered great attention for its health-enhancing properties, its potential for enhancing cardiometabolic health in this demographic remains to be established. The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical efficacy of an 8 wk administration of FO combined with programmed resistance exercise training (RET) on physical function and risk factors associated with cardiometabolic health in healthy older women. Twenty, healthy, older women were randomly assigned to one of the two experimental groups: resistance training with placebo (RET-PL) or RET with fish oil (RET-FO). Physical function, blood pressure (BP), triglyceride (TG), and systemic inflammation and oxidative stress biomarkers were assessed before and after the intervention. Statistical significance was set at ≤ 0.05. Physical function was greatly enhanced in both RET and RET-FO. Handgrip strength substantially increased only in RET-FO. RET-FO exhibited significant decreases in BP, TG, inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6), and oxidative stress (MDA and 8-OHdG) levels, while no detectable changes were found in RET-PL. Our findings indicate that FO administration during 8 wks of RET appears to enhance muscle function and lower risk factors linked to cardiometabolic disorders in postmenopausal women.
Topics: Humans; Female; Aged; Fish Oils; Resistance Training; Hand Strength; Postmenopause; Dietary Supplements; Triglycerides; Cardiovascular Diseases
PubMed: 37960168
DOI: 10.3390/nu15214516 -
Physical Therapy in Sport : Official... Sep 2023Analyze whether the effects of lower limb resistance training on pain and self-reported function were associated with the exercise volume prescribed for women with... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
Analyze whether the effects of lower limb resistance training on pain and self-reported function were associated with the exercise volume prescribed for women with patellofemoral pain (PFP).
METHODS
A systematic search was undertaken in four databases from inception to May 2023. Eligible trials examined the effects of resistance training programs on pain (visual analogue scale or numerical pain scale) and function (Anterior Knee Pain Scale) in women with PFP. Meta-analysis was undertaken with a random-effects model. The association of resistance training volume-related variables with mean difference effects on pain and function were tested by exploratory univariable meta-regression models.
RESULTS
From 1,404 estudies retained for screening after duplicate removals, 16 studies (579 patients) were included. Changes in knee pain were inversely associated with weekly training frequency (β = 0.5 ± 0.2, P = 0.012). No associations were found between the amount of resistance exercise prescribed per session or per week and effects on pain. Changes in function were associated with the number of sets per week (β = 0.1 ± 0.1, P = 0.044) and number of sets per session (β = 0.6 ± 0.2, P < 0.001) over the intervention. Most favorable results were achieved with 17 to 27 sets per session and >45 sets per week.
CONCLUSIONS
The amount of prescribed resistance exercise does not seem to be critical for pain reduction in women with PFP. However, our findings support a dose-response effect in terms of improving function.
Topics: Humans; Female; Resistance Training; Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome; Pain; Exercise; Knee; Muscle Strength
PubMed: 37542832
DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2023.07.006 -
Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County,... Jun 2024Nutrient timing is a concept that emphasizes the intentional ingestion of whole or fortified foods, and dietary supplements, to adequately fuel for, and recover from,...
PURPOSE
Nutrient timing is a concept that emphasizes the intentional ingestion of whole or fortified foods, and dietary supplements, to adequately fuel for, and recover from, acute and chronic exercise. The nutrition strategies used by powerlifters around training sessions have not, to our knowledge, been previously investigated. This study explored the self-reported periworkout (before, during, and after) nutrition practices of competitive powerlifters, including what, why, and information source that informed practice, with comparison to current sport nutrition guidelines.
METHODS
Actively competing male (n = 240) and female (n = 65) powerlifters completed a cross-sectional online survey of self-reported periworkout nutrition practices in the pre-, intra-, and postexercise periods, fasted training, and supplementation. Data are presented as the number (n) and percentage (%) of all powerlifters practicing a given strategy followed by a % of responses reporting various practices or beliefs within this strategy. Categorical subgroups (sex, age, and weight class; and competitive caliber) were analyzed with a chi-square test or Fisher's exact test and denoted where significant (P ≤ 0.05).
RESULTS
Most powerlifters reported paying specific attention to nutrition practices in the pre-exercise period (n = 261; 85.6%) by ingesting more carbohydrate (CHO) rich foods (n = 234; 89.6%) for the purpose of assisting in training performance (n = 222; 85.1%). Most powerlifters reported intraexercise nutrition strategies (n = 211; 69.2%), of which most included ingesting more CHO rich foods (n = 159; 74.5%) for the purpose of feeling less hungry and/or boosting energy levels during training (n = 129; 61.1%). Most powerlifters reported paying attention to postexercise nutrition (n = 244; 80%), by ingesting more protein rich foods (n = 182; 74.6%) for the purpose of recovering better for the whole day (n = 152; 62.3%) and enhancing the benefits of training (n = 149; 61.1%). Most powerlifters did not complete training sessions in the fasted state (n = 262; 85.9%). Most powerlifters reported paying attention to supplementation before training (n = 237; 77.7%), of which preworkout formulas (n = 137; 57.8%), energy drinks (n = 101; 42.6%), creatine (n = 88; 37.1%), and caffeine pills (n = 70; 29.5%) were most reported. Supplementation was used to assist in training performance (n = 197; 83.1%) and increase wakefulness/alertness (n = 183; 77.2%). Males reported more often than females that they informed multiple elements of their nutrition practices with the information they read or watched somewhere (P = 0.002-0.012).
CONCLUSION
The periworkout nutrition practices used by competitive powerlifters followed current sport nutrition guidelines, by using CHO sources to fuel for training and ensuring the provision of protein postexercise. Competitive powerlifters may wish to exert caution with supplementation, as there is a risk of harm or inadvertent doping.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Resistance Training; Cross-Sectional Studies; Exercise; Dietary Supplements; Nutritional Status
PubMed: 38428220
DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112389 -
Psychiatry Research Mar 2024Purpose This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to analyze the effects of resistance training (RT) and to compare the different RT prescriptions, sample... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Purpose This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to analyze the effects of resistance training (RT) and to compare the different RT prescriptions, sample characteristics, and mental health outcomes (depressive and anxiety symptoms) in older adults. Methods All studies that were available on 28th April 2023. For the analysis of intervention effects on depressive and anxiety symptoms, standardized mean differences and standard errors were calculated. Meta-analyses using random-effects models, employing robust variance meta-regression for multilevel data structures, with adjustments for small samples. Results For depressive symptoms, the mean effect was - 0.94 (95 %CI: -1.45 - -0.43, P< 0.01, I= 93.4 %), and for anxiety symptoms, the mean effect was -1.33 (95 %CI: -2.10 - -0.56, P< 0.01, I= 92.3 %). The mean effect was -0.51 (95 %CI: -0.67 - -0.35, P< 0.01, I= 36.7 %) for older adults without mental disorders, and those with mental disorders the mean effect was ES= -2.15 (95 %CI: -3.01 - - 1.29, P< 0.01, I= 91.5 %). Conclusion RT was able to improve mental health outcomes in individuals with and without mental disorders, and some RT characteristics influenced the effect of RT on mental health.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Resistance Training; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Mental Disorders; Anxiety; Outcome Assessment, Health Care; Depression
PubMed: 38281452
DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115746