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Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Jun 2024Aesthetic soft-tissue filler injections for lip enhancement are popular and performed throughout the world. When injecting lips with a cannula, as the cannula is...
BACKGROUND
Aesthetic soft-tissue filler injections for lip enhancement are popular and performed throughout the world. When injecting lips with a cannula, as the cannula is advanced, resistance is perceived in consistent locations, potentially indicating boundaries between intralabial compartments.
OBJECTIVE
We aimed to investigate whether intralabial compartments exist and, if so, to describe their volumes, location, boundaries, and dimensions.
METHODS
This cadaveric study investigated a total of 20 human body donors (13 male, seven female) with a mean (SD) age at death of 61.9 years (23.9) and body mass index of 24.3 kg/m 2 (3.7). The investigated cohort included 11 White donors, eight Asian donors, and one Black donor. Dye injections simulating minimally invasive lip treatments were conducted.
RESULTS
Independent of sex or race, six anterior and six posterior compartments in the upper and lower lip were identified, for a total of 24 lip compartments. Compartment boundaries were formed by vertically oriented septations that were found in consistent locations. The anterior compartments had volumes ranging from 0.30 to 0.39 cc; the posterior compartment volume ranged from 0.44 to 0.52 cc. The compartment volumes were larger centrally and decreased gradually toward the oral commissure.
CONCLUSIONS
The volume and size of each of 24 compartments contribute to the overall appearance and shape of the lips. To achieve a natural lip shape preserving aesthetic outcome it may be preferable to administer the volumizing product using a compartment-respecting injection approach.
Topics: Humans; Lip; Female; Male; Middle Aged; Cadaver; Aged; Cosmetic Techniques; Dermal Fillers; Adult; Aged, 80 and over; Clinical Relevance
PubMed: 37314374
DOI: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000010820 -
Breathe (Sheffield, England) Dec 2023Malignant pleural disease represents a growing healthcare burden. Malignant pleural effusion affects approximately 1 million people globally per year, causes disabling... (Review)
Review
Malignant pleural disease represents a growing healthcare burden. Malignant pleural effusion affects approximately 1 million people globally per year, causes disabling breathlessness and indicates a shortened life expectancy. Timely diagnosis is imperative to relieve symptoms and optimise quality of life, and should give consideration to individual patient factors. This review aims to provide an overview of epidemiology, pathogenesis and suggested diagnostic pathways in malignant pleural disease, to outline management options for malignant pleural effusion and malignant pleural mesothelioma, highlighting the need for a holistic approach, and to discuss potential challenges including non-expandable lung and septated effusions.
PubMed: 38351947
DOI: 10.1183/20734735.0145-2023 -
Gastroenterologia Y Hepatologia May 2024
PubMed: 38719181
DOI: 10.1016/j.gastrohep.2024.502189 -
Advances in Experimental Medicine and... 2024Many aspects of heart development are topographically complex and require three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction to understand the pertinent morphology. We have recently...
Many aspects of heart development are topographically complex and require three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction to understand the pertinent morphology. We have recently completed a comprehensive primer of human cardiac development that is based on firsthand segmentation of structures of interest in histological sections. We visualized the hearts of 12 human embryos between their first appearance at 3.5 weeks and the end of the embryonic period at 8 weeks. The models were presented as calibrated, interactive, 3D portable document format (PDF) files. We used them to describe the appearance and the subsequent remodeling of around 70 different structures incrementally for each of the reconstructed stages. In this chapter, we begin our account by describing the formation of the single heart tube, which occurs at the end of the fourth week subsequent to conception. We describe its looping in the fifth week, the formation of the cardiac compartments in the sixth week, and, finally, the septation of these compartments into the physically separated left- and right-sided circulations in the seventh and eighth weeks. The phases are successive, albeit partially overlapping. Thus, the basic cardiac layout is established between 26 and 32 days after fertilization and is described as Carnegie stages (CSs) 9 through 14, with development in the outlet component trailing that in the inlet parts. Septation at the venous pole is completed at CS17, equivalent to almost 6 weeks of development. During Carnegie stages 17 and 18, in the seventh week, the outflow tract and arterial pole undergo major remodeling, including incorporation of the proximal portion of the outflow tract into the ventricles and transfer of the spiraling course of the subaortic and subpulmonary channels to the intrapericardial arterial trunks. Remodeling of the interventricular foramen, with its eventual closure, is complete at CS20, which occurs at the end of the seventh week. We provide quantitative correlations between the age of human and mouse embryos as well as the Carnegie stages of development. We have also set our descriptions in the context of variations in the timing of developmental features.
Topics: Humans; Heart; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Organogenesis
PubMed: 38884703
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-44087-8_1