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Cureus Jul 2023The diverse population of India has challenges with receiving comprehensive and accessible healthcare. The shortcomings of India's healthcare system are highlighted in...
The diverse population of India has challenges with receiving comprehensive and accessible healthcare. The shortcomings of India's healthcare system are highlighted in this editorial by looking at the important topics of accessibility, patient and practitioner behaviors, and clinical governance difficulties. Regional differences, inadequate infrastructure, a lack of qualified workers, and cultural issues all have an impact on how easily accessible healthcare is in India. Gender norms, social shame, religious views, and language problems can all have an impact on how people seek healthcare, functioning as barriers to access. In India, clinical governance is challenged by a disjointed healthcare system and insufficient regulatory frameworks. To address these barriers, it is crucial to enhance healthcare infrastructure, strengthen regulatory mechanisms, promote a culture of quality improvement, provide training on clinical governance, and leverage technology for data collection and analysis. To reduce gaps in culture and promote access to healthcare, collaborations with local organizations, religious institutions, and community leaders are crucial. In India, efforts are being made to increase access to healthcare through programs like infrastructure development, the expansion of the healthcare workforce, health insurance coverage, and telemedicine. To improve the availability, affordability, and caliber of healthcare services, sustained efforts are required. To reduce the gaps and attain universal and equitable healthcare in India, a complex strategy comprising policy interventions, investments, reforms, and community engagement is required.
PubMed: 37621782
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.42398 -
Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin Sep 2023Secrecy is both common and consequential. Recent work suggests that personal experiences with secrets (i.e., mind-wandering to them outside of concealment contexts),...
Secrecy is both common and consequential. Recent work suggests that personal experiences with secrets (i.e., mind-wandering to them outside of concealment contexts), rather than concealment (within conversations), can explain the harms of secrecy. Recent work has also demonstrated that secrecy is associated with emotions that center on self-evaluation-shame and guilt. These emotions may help explain the harms of secrecy and provide a point of intervention to improve coping with secrecy. Four studies with 800 participants keeping over 10,500 secrets found that shame surrounding a secret is associated with lower perceived coping efficacy and reduced well-being. Moreover, shifting appraisals away from shame improved perceptions of efficacy in coping with secrets, which was linked with higher well-being. These studies suggest that emotions surrounding secrets can harm well-being and highlight avenues for intervention.
Topics: Humans; Emotions; Shame; Guilt; Adaptation, Psychological; Self-Assessment
PubMed: 35751138
DOI: 10.1177/01461672221085377 -
Frontiers in Psychology 2023Some autistic adults experience repeated adverse events, including rejection, victimization and stigmatization. They also describe others being critical and negatively...
Some autistic adults experience repeated adverse events, including rejection, victimization and stigmatization. They also describe others being critical and negatively judging them, such as for how they socially interact or for expressing passion for particular interests. The impact of these adverse events can be substantial, including increasing vulnerability for poorer mental health, and contributing to development of negative self beliefs (such as "I am different" or "I do not fit in") and shame-based difficulties. Not all evidence-based psychological therapies are well-received by autistic people, or effective. Given high rates of self-harm and suicidality, finding acceptable and effective therapies for autistic adults is paramount. Here, writing as autistic and non-autistic clinicians and researchers, we outline the theoretical principles of compassion-focused theory and therapy (CFT). We propose that: (1) compassion-focused theory can provide a useful framework for conceptualizing shame-based difficulties some autistic adults experience; (2) CFT can be appropriate for addressing these; and (3) there is an impetus for practitioners to adopt compassion-focused approaches when supporting autistic adults.
PubMed: 37965655
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1267968 -
Drug and Alcohol Dependence Aug 2023Shame-proneness has been consistently associated with more problematic alcohol outcomes, and guilt-proneness has been associated with fewer. The aim of this study was to...
BACKGROUND
Shame-proneness has been consistently associated with more problematic alcohol outcomes, and guilt-proneness has been associated with fewer. The aim of this study was to determine if the associations of shame-and-guilt-proneness with alcohol outcomes vary as a function of interpersonal sensitivity.
METHOD
A longitudinal study examined shame-proneness and guilt-proneness as predictors of alcohol consumption and related problems one month later. This research was conducted at a large public university in the United States.
RESULTS
Participants (N=414) were heavy-drinking college students (51% female) with a mean age of 21.76 (SD=2.02) who consumed an average of 12.13 (SD=8.81) standard drinks per week. Shame-proneness, but not guilt-proneness, was directly associated with increased drinking and indirectly associated with increased problems. The indirect effects of shame on problems through drinking were stronger at higher levels of interpersonal sensitivity.
CONCLUSIONS
Results suggest that shame-proneness may increase alcohol consumption and subsequent problems among those high in interpersonal sensitivity. Alcohol may be used as a means to withdraw from social threats that are amplified by interpersonal sensitivity.
Topics: Humans; Female; Young Adult; Adult; Male; Longitudinal Studies; Guilt; Shame; Students
PubMed: 37393750
DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.110831 -
The Behavioral and Brain Sciences Oct 2023Fitouchi et al. illustrate the cognitive and evolutionary foundations of puritanical morality, while leave the emotional foundation unclear. We complement their theory...
Fitouchi et al. illustrate the cognitive and evolutionary foundations of puritanical morality, while leave the emotional foundation unclear. We complement their theory by proposing moral emotions (e.g., guilt and shame) as characteristic emotions underlying puritanical morality. Our proposition is based on the findings that these moral emotions emerge after violations of puritanical norms and promote self-control and cooperation.
Topics: Humans; Emotions; Guilt; Shame; Morals; Self-Control
PubMed: 37789549
DOI: 10.1017/S0140525X23000353 -
International Journal of Group... Oct 2023Utilizing the work of Wilfred Bion, Harry Stack Sullivan, and other theorists and practitioners, as well as philosophers and students of race in America, this article...
Utilizing the work of Wilfred Bion, Harry Stack Sullivan, and other theorists and practitioners, as well as philosophers and students of race in America, this article argues that racism/white supremacy sabotages our work, and yet is fundamental to our way of doing, being, and thinking in our society. As a result of the centrality of racism/white supremacy, the author lays out four challenges which, if met, will aid in overcoming racism/white supremacy: (a) the first challenge of denial, (b) the second challenge of impaired empathy (and the failure to think), (c) the experience of shame, and (d) the denial of death. The article discusses each of these and concludes with a word on the possibility of passion-if we are able to overcome racism/white supremacy.
Topics: Humans; Racism; White; Chlorhexidine; Emotions; Empathy
PubMed: 38446610
DOI: 10.1080/00207284.2023.2290610 -
Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral... Feb 2024Head and neck cancer is the most common cancer around the globe, following lung cancer and breast cancer. Treatment at advanced stages of head and neck cancer is... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Head and neck cancer is the most common cancer around the globe, following lung cancer and breast cancer. Treatment at advanced stages of head and neck cancer is usually followed intense surgical procedures, which leads to mutilation among patients. Mutilation imparts a sense of disgrace and causes a feeling of shame and stigma in the patient. The feeling of shame and stigma persists over time and affects the overall long-term survival of patients by deteriorating their quality of life.
OBJECTIVES
Since shame and stigma is an important psychological domain of head and neck cancer, the present article aims toward evaluating the studies published so far for the assessment of shame and stigma in head and neck cancer and highlighting the lacunae in the existing research designs. The present study also aims to design a checklist that could be followed while developing, translating, or validating a psychometric instrument that aims to measure shame and stigma in head and neck cancer.
METHODS
In the present metanalysis, all articles published in the past years on shame and stigma in head and neck cancer was compiled using a predefined data extraction matrix. The available literature was compiled for major objectives of the study, the sample size used, major findings, and critical lacunae that need to be addressed.
RESULTS
Shame and stigma is a very important domain of psychological well-being in head and neck cancer patients, which yet not appropriately addressed and further need to be researched.
CONCLUSION
Future studies could be based on the lacunae highlighted in the existing literature, and the prescribed methodology checklist could be taken into consideration while conducting further studies involving developing, translating, or validating a psychometric instrument related to shame and stigma in the head and neck cancer.
PubMed: 38312965
DOI: 10.1007/s12663-021-01658-2 -
Health Communication Dec 2023Women's inequitable healthcare experiences are epistemic injustices by which women are discredited and harmed in their position as knowers of their health and their...
Women's inequitable healthcare experiences are epistemic injustices by which women are discredited and harmed in their position as knowers of their health and their bodies. Drawing on the theory of communicative disenfranchisement (TCD), we sought to amplify voices of women experiencing communicative disenfranchisement (CD) and to unify their stories according to theoretical premises, namely, attention to power, material conditions, discourse, identities and relationships, and process. We interviewed 36 women living in the United States whose health issues have not been taken seriously by health care providers, friends, and family - pervasive sources of disenfranchising talk surrounding health. Mapping onto the TCD framework, our findings explicate the process of CD, including the material and immaterial consequences of disenfranchising talk and women's responses to such talk. CD unfolded as a protracted and often circular process of women seeking care but encountering health dismissals and minimalizations, blaming and shaming, normalizing of their pain, and psychologizing. We unpack how disenfranchising talk rendered women and them and inflicted and . Women responded to disenfranchising talk with , and they (re)claimed their by resisting psychogenic explanations for their problems, critiquing women's healthcare, asserting their needs, and advocating for others. We discuss the implications of this research for theory and praxis.
Topics: Female; United States; Humans; Shame; Health Communication; Qualitative Research
PubMed: 36281957
DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2022.2137772 -
Journal of American College Health : J... Sep 2023Shame and guilt are often present prior to and consequent to alcohol use among college students. Little is known about the propensity to experience these emotions in...
Shame and guilt are often present prior to and consequent to alcohol use among college students. Little is known about the propensity to experience these emotions in the context of transgressions that occur while drinking alcohol. We examined the association between shame and guilt propensity for alcohol-related transgressions with hazardous drinking, and the role of gender in these relationships. College student drinkers ( = 130; =19.39; 68% females; 86% White) from a Mid-south college. An online confidential survey included measures of hazardous drinking, guilt and shame propensity, and guilt and shame propensity specific to alcohol-related transgressions. Our preliminary findings suggest that experiencing guilt (but not shame) after alcohol-related transgressions was related to less hazardous drinking when controlling for general guilt and shame propensity for male and female students. Targeting components of guilt (e.g., reparative behaviors) after alcohol-related transgressions may help to reduce problematic drinking among college students.
PubMed: 37713294
DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2023.2237599 -
Bundesgesundheitsblatt,... Apr 2024Anxiety and depression among young people had already increased in the years before the COVID-19 pandemic and then experienced a significant increase again during the... (Review)
Review
Anxiety and depression among young people had already increased in the years before the COVID-19 pandemic and then experienced a significant increase again during the pandemic. In this article the different clinical forms of expression of these emotional syndromes are presented in detail and the developmental paths of a combination of both disorders are also explained. Even subclinical forms of anxiety and depression already have clear clinical implications and impair the developmental tasks of adolescence. The "avolitional depression" (depression with severe drive disorders) is mentioned as a special form. Pathogenetic building blocks-from genetic vulnerability to psychosocial stressors-come up for discussion in light of the fact that anxiety and depression are about twice as common in adolescent females as in males. The embedding of the disorders in current events shows the special importance of the self-reflective emotion of shame in the adolescent development process. The scarcity and dysfunctionality of emotional dialogue between significant caregivers and children must be cautioned against. Its role in adolescents' self-regulation and affect regulation should not be underestimated. Finally, an overview of the most important therapeutic measures for anxiety and depression in adolescence is presented.
Topics: Male; Child; Female; Humans; Adolescent; Depression; Pandemics; Germany; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders
PubMed: 38456934
DOI: 10.1007/s00103-024-03849-x