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Research in Veterinary Science Sep 2023Cryptorchidism, the failed descent of one or both testes into the scrotum, is a common developmental disorder in male dogs. Cryptorchidism may affect canine fertility,...
Cryptorchidism, the failed descent of one or both testes into the scrotum, is a common developmental disorder in male dogs. Cryptorchidism may affect canine fertility, reducing the quality of the semen, and may promote spermatic cord torsion and onset of neoplasia. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are epigenetic regulators of gene expression and their dysregulation is associated with disorders of spermatogenesis and testis neoplasia. The present study aimed at investigating the expression of miRNAs in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) canine retained testes and testes affected by seminoma, and at integrating miRNAs to their target genes. Forty testicular FFPE specimens from 30 dogs were included - 10 scrotal and 10 contralateral retained from 10 unilateral cryptorchid dogs; 10 tumoral testes affected by seminoma from non-cryptorchid dogs; 10 scrotal normal testes from non-cryptorchid dogs included as the control. The expression level of three miRNAs, namely miR-302c-3p, miR-302a-3p, and miR-371-3p, associated with testicular disorders, were quantified using RT-qPCR. The comparative analysis demonstrated that the level of miR-302a-3p and miR-371a-3p were quantifiable exclusively in control testes. The expression level of miR-302c-3p was higher in the control than in the other groups; its expression decreased in retained testes compared to scrotal testes and testes with seminoma. Gene Ontology analysis pointed out that these miRNAs may be involved in the modulation of estrogen and thyroid hormone signaling pathways. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that miRNAs are dysregulated in canine cryptorchid and seminoma-affected testes compared to control tissues, confirming the pivotal role of miRNAs in cryptorchidism.
Topics: Dogs; Animals; Male; Cryptorchidism; MicroRNAs; Seminoma; Testis; Testicular Neoplasms; Epigenesis, Genetic; Dog Diseases
PubMed: 37487386
DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.104961 -
Urology Case Reports Jul 2024Para-testicular liposarcoma develops from the fatty tissue surrounding the spermatic cord and covers the testicle and epididymis. It is an extremely rare pathological...
Para-testicular liposarcoma develops from the fatty tissue surrounding the spermatic cord and covers the testicle and epididymis. It is an extremely rare pathological entity. We report the case of a 58-year-old african man who presented with a tumor mass developed from the right spermatic cord. Right orchidectomy with wide excision of the tumor was challenging due to the significant size of the mass. The histological examination of the surgical specimen favored a paratesticular liposarcoma.
PubMed: 38827953
DOI: 10.1016/j.eucr.2024.102761 -
Research and Reports in Urology 2023Spermatic cord torsion (SCT) is a rare urological emergency that can jeopardize the fertility of the patient. Our study aimed to investigate the epidemiological,...
INTRODUCTION
Spermatic cord torsion (SCT) is a rare urological emergency that can jeopardize the fertility of the patient. Our study aimed to investigate the epidemiological, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of SCT in Souro Sanou University Teaching Hospital.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This was a descriptive cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2021, in the emergency surgical and urology division of Souro Sanou University Hospital.
RESULTS
The annual frequency of SCT was 4.4 patients/year. The mean age of the patients was 17.82 ± 6.74 years. Painful swelling of the hemi-scrotum was the main presenting symptom. The torsion involved the left spermatic cord in 50% of cases and both spermatic cords in 5% of cases. The mean time of symptoms before presentation was 78.8 hours ± 153 hours. Only 27.3% of patients presented before the 6th hour after the onset of pain. The average time from presentation to surgical intervention was 5.6 hours ± 5 hours. Orchiectomy was performed in 11 patients (47.8%). The average hospital stay was 3.1 ± 1.4 days.
CONCLUSION
SCT is a rare urological emergency. The prognosis depends on the duration and degree of torsion. A high orchidectomy rate can be observed with a delay in presentation.
PubMed: 37615011
DOI: 10.2147/RRU.S419786 -
European Journal of Surgical Oncology :... Jul 2023To evaluate the outcomes of adult patients with spermatic cord sarcoma (SCS).
PURPOSE
To evaluate the outcomes of adult patients with spermatic cord sarcoma (SCS).
METHODS
All consecutive patients with SCS managed by the French Sarcoma Group from 1980 to 2017 were analysed retrospectively. Multivariate analysis (MVA) was used to identify independent correlates of overall survival (OS), metastasis-free survival (MFS), and local relapse-free survival (LRFS).
RESULTS
A total of 224 patients were recorded. The median age was 65.1 years. Forty-one (20.1%) SCSs were discovered unexpectedly during inguinal hernia surgery. The most common subtypes were liposarcoma (LPS) (73%) and leiomyosarcoma (LMS) (12.5%). The initial treatment was surgery for 218 (97.3%) patients. Forty-two patients (18.8%) received radiotherapy, 17 patients (7.6%) received chemotherapy. The median follow-up was 5.1 years. The median OS was 13.9 years. In MVA, OS decreased significantly with histology (HR, well-differentiated LPS versus others = 0.096; p = 0.0224), high grade (HR, 3 versus 1-2 = 2.7; p = 0.0111), previous cancer and metastasis at diagnosis (HR = 6.8; p = 0.0006). The five-year MFS was 85.9% [95% CI: 79.3-90.6]. In MVA, significant factors associated with MFS were LMS subtype (HR = 4.517; p < 10-4) and grade 3 (HR = 3.664; p < 10-3). The five-year LRFS survival rate was 67.9% [95% CI: 59.6-74.9]. In MVA, significant factors associated with local relapse were margins and wide reresection (WRR) after incomplete resection. OS was not significantly different between patients with initial R0/R1 resection and R2 patients who underwent WRR.
CONCLUSIONS
Unplanned surgery affected 20.1% of SCSs. A nonreducible painless inguinal lump should suggest a sarcoma. WRR with R0 resection achieved similar OS to patients with correct surgery upfront.
Topics: Male; Adult; Humans; Aged; Prognosis; Spermatic Cord; Retrospective Studies; Lipopolysaccharides; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Sarcoma; Liposarcoma; Leiomyosarcoma; Soft Tissue Neoplasms
PubMed: 36868941
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2023.02.013 -
Pediatric Dermatology 2023Capillary malformation-arteriovenous malformation (CM-AVM) is characterized by multifocal fast-flow capillary malformations, sometimes with arteriovenous...
BACKGROUND
Capillary malformation-arteriovenous malformation (CM-AVM) is characterized by multifocal fast-flow capillary malformations, sometimes with arteriovenous malformations/fistulas, skeletal/soft tissue overgrowth, telangiectasias, or Bier spots. Lymphatic abnormalities are infrequently reported. We describe seven patients with CM-AVM and lymphatic anomalies.
METHODS
Following IRB approval, we identified patients with CM-AVM and lymphatic anomalies seen at the Vascular Anomalies Center at Boston Children's Hospital from 2003 to 2023. We retrospectively reviewed records for clinical, genetic, laboratory, and imaging findings.
RESULTS
We found seven patients with CM-AVM and lymphatic abnormalities. Five patients were diagnosed prenatally: four with pleural effusions (including one suspected chylothorax) and one with ascites. Pleural effusions resolved after neonatal drainage in three patients and fetal thoracentesis in the fourth; however, fluid rapidly reaccumulated in this fetus causing hydrops. Ascites resolved after neonatal paracentesis, recurred at 2 months, and spontaneously resolved at 5 years; magnetic resonance lymphangiography for recurrence at age 19 years suggested a central conducting lymphatic anomaly (CCLA), and at age 20 years a right spermatic cord/scrotal lymphatic malformation (LM) was detected. Chylous pericardial effusion presented in a sixth patient at 2 months and disappeared after pericardiocentesis. A seventh patient was diagnosed with a left lower extremity LM at 16 months. Six patients underwent genetic testing, and all had RASA1 mutation. RASA1 variant was novel in three patients (c.1495delinsCTACC, c.434_451delinsA, c.2648del), previously reported in two (c.2603+1G>A, c.475_476del), and unavailable in another. Median follow-up age was 5.8 years (4 months-20 years).
CONCLUSION
CM-AVM may be associated with lymphatic anomalies, including pericardial/pleural effusions, ascites, CCLA, and LM.
Topics: Male; Child; Infant, Newborn; Female; Humans; Young Adult; Adult; Child, Preschool; Retrospective Studies; Ascites; p120 GTPase Activating Protein; Capillaries; Arteriovenous Malformations; Arteriovenous Fistula; Pleural Effusion; Lymphatic Abnormalities; Hydrops Fetalis
PubMed: 37767822
DOI: 10.1111/pde.15443 -
BMJ Case Reports Apr 2024A man in his 60s presented to an outside hospital with persistent groin pain and a scrotal mass which was thought to be a recurrent hernia. Three months after initial...
A man in his 60s presented to an outside hospital with persistent groin pain and a scrotal mass which was thought to be a recurrent hernia. Three months after initial presentation, the patient was found to have dedifferentiated liposarcoma (LPS) of the spermatic cord. LPS of the spermatic cord is a rare entity; however, clinicians should have LPS on the differential diagnosis especially in men with recurrent scrotal pain and mass. If unrecognised, LPS is associated with a high degree of morbidity and mortality. LPS can be subdivided into well-differentiated LPS, dedifferentiated LPS, myxoid LPS and pleomorphic LPS. In patients with advanced or metastatic LPS, chemotherapy consisting of Adriamycin, ifosfamide and mesna is used despite LPS being relatively chemoresistant. Therapies inhibiting mouse double minute 2 homologue, an oncoprotein that is a negative regulator of the tumour suppressor p53, appear to be promising in preclinical trials.
Topics: Male; Animals; Mice; Humans; Adult; Spermatic Cord; Lipopolysaccharides; Liposarcoma; Liposarcoma, Myxoid; Lipoma; Pain; Genital Neoplasms, Male
PubMed: 38627046
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2023-258954 -
Cureus Aug 2023Paratesticular leiomyosarcoma is a rare urologic cancer that arises from undifferentiated smooth muscles of the spermatic cord or epididymis. Few accounts of this cancer...
Paratesticular leiomyosarcoma is a rare urologic cancer that arises from undifferentiated smooth muscles of the spermatic cord or epididymis. Few accounts of this cancer have been reported but previous reports have identified radiation and anabolic steroids as possible risk factors. We report a case of an 83-year-old man with a previous history of radiation therapy for prostate cancer, who presented with a painless left scrotal mass. Given the nonspecific presentation, a histopathological classification was warranted for a definitive diagnosis. The tumor was resected via simple orchiectomy and was diagnosed as a paratesticular grade III leiomyosarcoma without any further treatment. Patient had a follow-up CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis that was normal without metastasis. The patient's history of previous external beam radiation and now development of a secondary tumor sums to the few cases that have been previously reported with this association.
PubMed: 37692632
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.43294 -
Urologia Aug 2023Spermatic Cord Torsion (SCT) is a serious surgical emergency. Prospective studies regarding the prognosis of the torsed testis lack in the global literature. Prompt...
Spermatic Cord Torsion (SCT) is a serious surgical emergency. Prospective studies regarding the prognosis of the torsed testis lack in the global literature. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial to increase the risk of saving the torsed testis. Testicular salvage can be predicted by the duration of symptoms, along with the degree of twisting and the ultrasound findings, regarding the homogeneity of the testicular parenchyma. The "golden window" to salvage the testicular function is suggested to be at 4-8 h, after the symptoms' onset. As the time passes, the ischemia is settled and the risk of necrosis is increased. It is generally accepted, that the possibilities of conducting orchiectomy are increased when not promptly intervening after the symptoms' onset. A few studies, tried to describe the impact of SCT on long- term fertility. The aim of this study is to collect them and elucidate with some general perceptions on this topic.
Topics: Male; Humans; Spermatic Cord Torsion; Prospective Studies; Testis; Orchiectomy; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 36800923
DOI: 10.1177/03915603231155676 -
Annali Italiani Di Chirurgia Oct 2023Liposarcoma of the spermatic cord (LSC) is a tumour often mistaken for common inguinal swelling as hernia and the aim of this work is to present our case with a review...
AIM
Liposarcoma of the spermatic cord (LSC) is a tumour often mistaken for common inguinal swelling as hernia and the aim of this work is to present our case with a review of the Literature to define the management of this rare condition.
MATERIAL OF STUDY
A systematic review has been realised, considering English language articles published on Pubmed, between 1956 and 2022, using as key words "Liposarcoma of the spermatic cord".
RESULTS
160 studies described 420 cases of LSC and in 40 cases the patient had undergone surgery with an initial diagnosis of inguinal hernia.
DISCUSSION
LSC is a very rare entity of genitourinary malignancies, occurring more often in the spermatic cord and diagnosis can be difficult. Our case and Literature data confirm the role of imaging in not conventional inguinal swelling, to avoid diagnostic mistakes and to define preoperatively the correct surgical management.
CONCLUSIONS
Imaging is mandatory in case of diagnostic doubt. The recommended treatment is a radical high orchiectomy with clear margins. A long follow-up period is necessary to detect a local recurrence which may occur even several years after the primary therapy.
KEY WORDS
Inguinal swelling, Liposarcoma, Spermatic cord.
Topics: Male; Humans; Genital Neoplasms, Male; Hernia, Inguinal; Spermatic Cord; Orchiectomy; Liposarcoma
PubMed: 37990578
DOI: No ID Found