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Social Science & Medicine (1982) Sep 2023Donations play a critical role in supporting the provision of public goods, yet how donating behaviour changes in response to health shocks is poorly understood. We...
Donations play a critical role in supporting the provision of public goods, yet how donating behaviour changes in response to health shocks is poorly understood. We investigate how the household's joint decision to donate time (volunteer) and money changes following a health shock. Using data from the United States Panel Study of Income Dynamics, and a within-household design that captures the dynamics of a post-health shock response, we find no overall change in the probability of households donating money but an overall reduction in the probability of donating time following a health shock. This is driven by a significant shift from donating both money and time to donating only money after a health shock. The shift away from donating time occurs for both the individual who experienced the health shock and their spouse, though the reduction is greater for the spouse. We examine the role of labour market responses to health shocks in explaining donating behaviour and find that consistent with the added worker effect, spouses of those who experience a health shock increase their work hours, constraining their time available for volunteering.
Topics: Humans; United States; Family Characteristics; Income; Spouses; Volunteers; Probability
PubMed: 37579559
DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.116165 -
Sangyo Eiseigaku Zasshi = Journal of... Jul 2023Opportunities for health examinations are available for the early detection of illness. However, although the majority of people examined have findings discovered,...
OBJECTIVES
Opportunities for health examinations are available for the early detection of illness. However, although the majority of people examined have findings discovered, particularly in occupational areas, many do not undergo re-examination (secondary examination). In this study, we used the Health Belief Model to investigate the factors that affect the decision to undergo secondary examination in occupational areas. Consequently, we would be able to determine an effective method to encourage individuals to undergo secondary examination.
METHODS
For a pilot study, we created a questionnaire based on 5 factors (25 items) derived from the components of the Health Belief Model: "Overconfidence in health," "Support for behavior," "Feeling burdened by re-examination," "Significance of getting sick," and "Poor awareness of re-examination." A web-based survey was then conducted on 1,400 workers who have been recommended taking re-examination. The valid 167 answers (valid response rate 11.9%) were divided based on the presence or absence of a secondary examination, and the ratio of basic attributes and the factor scores were compared and examined. The attributes with a statistically significant difference depending on the presence or absence of the secondary examination underwent logistic regression analysis, with the constituent factors of the questionnaire as the independent variables and the presence or absence of the secondary examination as the dependent variable.
RESULTS
The "presence or absence of a spouse" and "presence or absence of a family doctor" were significantly different between the groups with and without taking re-examination. Those with a spouse (p = .005) and those with a family doctor (p = .003) were more likely to take the secondary examination. In comparing factor scores in both groups, "Support for behavior" and "Poor awareness of re-examination" were significantly different. The scores for "Support for behavior" were significantly higher in the group that had undergone secondary examination (p = .024), and the scores for "Poor awareness of re-examination" were significantly higher in the group that had not undergone secondary examination (p < .001). In the logistic regression analysis, the "presence or absence of a spouse," "presence or absence of a family doctor," and "Poor awareness of re-examination" were found to be independent factors.
CONCLUSIONS
The "presence or absence of a spouse," "presence or absence of a family doctor," and "Poor awareness of re-examination" directly influence the workers' decision to undergo secondary examination. Therefore, awareness of one's familial relations and health literacy is necessary for encouraging an individual to undergo secondary examination.
Topics: Humans; Pilot Projects; Health Behavior; Physicians, Family; Surveys and Questionnaires; Emotions
PubMed: 36754412
DOI: 10.1539/sangyoeisei.2022-023-B -
BMJ Open Apr 2024This study aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of male involvement in family planning (FP) and its association with knowledge and spouse discussion in Ethiopia. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of male involvement in family planning (FP) and its association with knowledge and spouse discussion in Ethiopia.
DESIGN
Systematic review and meta-analysis using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols guidelines.
DATA SOURCES
The study was conducted by the articles searched from different databases: (PubMed, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, HINARI and Google Scholar).
ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES
This research encompassed investigations carried out within married couples in Ethiopia, specifically focusing on studies where male involvement in FP was the primary outcome. The inclusion criteria comprised studies with an observational study design, encompassing both published and unpublished works, conducted in the English language, with no restrictions on data collection and publication year.
DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS
Following a systematic search of the articles, two independent authors assessed the quality of the studies, and data extraction was conducted using Microsoft Excel. The data analysis was performed by using STATA V.17. The overall level of male involvement in FP in Ethiopia was calculated using DerSimonian and Liard's random-effect model, with a significance level set at a p<0.05. Heterogeneity was examined using the I test, and Egger's test was employed to assess publication bias.
RESULTS
The pooled prevalence of male involvement in FP in Ethiopia was 59.71% (95% CI (47.68% to 71.73%)). Good knowledge regarding FP (AOR 6.63, 95% CI (2.58 to 17.03)) and spouse discussion on FP (AOR 4.36, 95% CI (2.50 to 7.59)) were significantly associated with male involvement in FP.
CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of male involvement in FP in Ethiopia was low as compared with other literature conducted outside Ethiopia. Both good knowledge and spouse discussion regarding FP were significantly associated with male involvement in FP. So, the government and healthcare providers should focus on interventions that could increase their knowledge through different media. In addition, encouraging couples to have a discussion regarding FP could be a recalled intervention for healthcare providers.
Topics: Humans; Ethiopia; Spouses; Male; Family Planning Services; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Female
PubMed: 38670601
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-082094 -
Transplantation Aug 2023The effect of human leukocyte antigen mismatches between donors and recipients on postoperative outcomes of lung transplantation remains controversial. We...
BACKGROUND
The effect of human leukocyte antigen mismatches between donors and recipients on postoperative outcomes of lung transplantation remains controversial. We retrospectively reviewed adult recipients receiving living-donor lobar lung transplantation (LDLLT) to examine the difference in de novo donor-specific antibody (dnDSA) development and clinically diagnosed unilateral chronic lung allograft dysfunction per graft (unilateral CLAD) between lung grafts donated by spouses (nonblood relatives) and nonspouses (relatives within the third degree). We also investigated the difference in prognoses between recipients undergoing LDLLTs including spouse donors (spousal LDLLTs) and not including spouse donors (nonspousal LDLLTs).
METHODS
In this study, 63 adult recipients undergoing LDLLTs (61 bilateral and 2 unilateral LDLLTs from 124 living donors) between 2008 and 2020 were enrolled. The cumulative incidence of dnDSAs per lung graft was calculated, and prognoses were compared between recipients undergoing spousal and nonspousal LDLLTs.
RESULTS
The cumulative incidence of both dnDSAs and unilateral CLAD in grafts donated by spouses was significantly higher than that in grafts donated by nonspouses (5-y incidence of dnDSAs: 18.7% versus 6.4%, P = 0.038; 5-y incidence of unilateral CLAD: 45.6% versus 19.4%, P = 0.011). However, there were no significant differences in the overall survival or chronic lung allograft dysfunction-free survival between recipients undergoing spousal and nonspousal LDLLTs ( P > 0.99 and P = 0.434, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS
Although there were no significant differences in prognoses between spousal and nonspousal LDLLTs, more attention should be paid to spousal LDLLTs because of the higher development rate of dnDSAs and unilateral CLAD.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Living Donors; Retrospective Studies; Lung; Lung Transplantation; Prognosis; Graft Survival
PubMed: 36895091
DOI: 10.1097/TP.0000000000004579 -
Population Studies Mar 2024We interrogate the proposition that men's attitudes have constrained the fertility transition in Cameroon, where fertility remains high and contraceptive use low despite...
We interrogate the proposition that men's attitudes have constrained the fertility transition in Cameroon, where fertility remains high and contraceptive use low despite much socio-economic progress. We use five Demographic and Health Surveys to compare trends in desired family size among young women and men and analyse matched monogamous couple data from the two most recent surveys to examine wives' and husbands' desires to stop childbearing and their relative influence on current contraceptive use. In 2018, average desired family size was 5.6 and 5.1, for young men and women respectively, and this difference (half a child) has not changed since 1998. Among matched couples, the proportions wanting to stop childbearing were similar in wives and their husbands, but wives perceived husbands to be much more pronatalist than themselves. Surprisingly, men's own reported preferences were more closely associated with contraceptive use than wives' perceptions of husbands' preferences. We discerned little evidence that men's attitudes have impeded reproductive change.
Topics: Female; Humans; Male; Cameroon; Contraceptive Agents; Family Planning Services; Fertility; Marriage; Spouses
PubMed: 38470717
DOI: 10.1080/00324728.2023.2297687 -
Blood Advances Nov 2023We used a next-generation sequencing platform to characterize microbial cell-free DNA (mcfDNA) in plasma samples from patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
We used a next-generation sequencing platform to characterize microbial cell-free DNA (mcfDNA) in plasma samples from patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HCT). In this observational study, we sought to characterize plasma mcfDNA in order to explore its potential association with the immunologic complications of transplantation. We compared serially collected patient samples with plasma collected from healthy control subjects. We observed changes in total mcfDNA burden in the plasma after transplantation, which was most striking during the early posttransplant neutropenic phase. This elevation could be attributed to a number of specific bacterial taxa, including Veillonella, Bacteroides, and Prevotella (genus level). For an additional cohort of patients, we compared the data of mcfDNA from plasma with 16s-ribosomal RNA sequencing data from stool samples collected at matched time points. In a number of patients, we confirmed that mcfDNA derived from specific microbial taxa (eg, Enterococcus) could also be observed in the matched stool sample. Quantification of mcfDNA may generate novel insights into mechanisms by which the intestinal microbiome influences systemic cell populations and, thus, has been associated with outcomes for patients with cancer.
Topics: Humans; Cell-Free Nucleic Acids; Graft vs Host Disease; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; Neoplasms; Neutropenia
PubMed: 37399491
DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023010208 -
American Journal of Preventive Medicine Oct 2023Excessive alcohol use is a significant problem in the military. Although there is a growing emphasis on family-centered alcohol prevention approaches, little is known...
INTRODUCTION
Excessive alcohol use is a significant problem in the military. Although there is a growing emphasis on family-centered alcohol prevention approaches, little is known about the interplay between partners' drinking behaviors. This study examines how service members and their spouses influence each other's drinking behavior over time and explores the complex individual, interpersonal, and organizational factors that may contribute to alcohol use.
METHODS
A sample of 3,200 couples from the Millennium Cohort Family Study was surveyed at baseline (2011-2013) and follow-up (2014-2016). The research team estimated how much partners' drinking behaviors influenced one another from baseline to follow-up using a longitudinal structural equation modeling approach. Data analyses were conducted in 2021 and 2022.
RESULTS
Drinking patterns converged between spouses from baseline to follow-up. Participants' own baseline drinking had a small but significant effect on changes in their partners' drinking from baseline to follow-up. Results from a Monte Carlo simulation showed that the longitudinal model could reliably estimate this partner effect in the presence of several potential sources of bias, including partner selection. The model also identified several common risk and protective factors for drinking shared by both service members and their spouses.
CONCLUSIONS
Findings suggest that changing the drinking habits of one spouse could lead to a change in the drinking habits of the other, which supports family-centered alcohol prevention approaches in the military. Dual-military couples especially may benefit from targeted interventions because they face a higher risk of unhealthy alcohol consumption.
Topics: Humans; Spouses; Alcoholism; Military Personnel; Cohort Studies; Ethanol
PubMed: 37059344
DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2023.04.002 -
Journal of Pain and Symptom Management Aug 2023Evidence-based interventions addressing the needs of couples co-parenting young children while facing an advanced cancer diagnosis are lacking. Thus, this study seeks to...
BACKGROUND
Evidence-based interventions addressing the needs of couples co-parenting young children while facing an advanced cancer diagnosis are lacking. Thus, this study seeks to identify parenting-related intervention needs and delivery preferences of advanced cancer patients and their spouses/co-parents.
METHODS
Twenty-one couples completed quantitative measures of cancer-related parenting concerns, relationship and family functioning, and service needs along with individual semi-structured interviews.
RESULTS
Patients (mean age=44 years, 48% female, 91% White) and spouses (mean age=45 years, 52% female, 91% White) reported family distress (62% of couples) and marital distress (29% of couples). Parenting concerns were generally high with patients revealing concerns particularly regarding the practical impact of the cancer on the child(ren). Spouses rated concerns about the co-parent significantly higher (P<.001) than patients. Parenting concerns were inversely associated with relationship (P<.001 for patients; P=.03 for spouses) and family functioning (P<.001 for patients). Themes identified through qualitative interviews include needs related to maintenance of family routines and traditions, childcare, transportation, meals, home maintenance, and finances. Couples who endorsed marital distress also indicated a need for conflict resolution skills. All patients and 89% of spouses would like to receive parenting-related education/services; up to 50% of couples preferred targeted, self-led readings without therapist support; and up to 50% desired counseling sessions indicating a preference towards dyadic and video conferenced intervention delivery.
CONCLUSIONS
The delivery of optimal supportive care involves a family-focused perspective such as screening for parenting status and referrals to social work services to address the need of tangible resources and manage parenting-related distress.
Topics: Child; Humans; Female; Child, Preschool; Adult; Middle Aged; Male; Parenting; Needs Assessment; Parents; Neoplasms; Spouses
PubMed: 37148983
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2023.04.027 -
Public Health Reports (Washington, D.C.... 2023Family members play a crucial role in the health of Asian American communities, and their involvement in health interventions can be pivotal in optimizing impact and... (Review)
Review
Family members play a crucial role in the health of Asian American communities, and their involvement in health interventions can be pivotal in optimizing impact and implementation. To explore how family members can be effectively involved in Asian American health interventions and develop a conceptual framework of methods of involvement at the stages of intervention development, process, and evaluation, this scoping review documented the role of Asian American family members in interventions (across any health objective). Of the 7175 studies identified through database and manual searches, we included 48 studies in the final analysis. Many studies focused on Chinese (54%) or Vietnamese (21%) populations, were conducted in California (44%), and involved spouses (35%) or parents/children (39%). We observed involvement across 3 stages: (1) intervention development (formative research, review process, material development), (2) intervention process (recruitment, receiving the intervention together, receiving a parallel intervention, enlisting support to achieve goals, voluntary intervention support, agent of family-wide change, and participation gatekeepers), and (3) intervention evaluation (received evaluation together, indirect impact evaluation, and feedback during intervention). Impact of family member involvement was both positive (as sources of encouragement, insight, accountability, comfort, and passion) and negative (sources of hindrance, backlash, stigma, obligation, and negative influence). Suggestions for future research interventions include (1) exploring family involvement in South Asian or young adult interventions, (2) diversifying types of family members involved (eg, extended family), and (3) diversifying methods of involvement (eg, family members as implementation agents).
PubMed: 36560878
DOI: 10.1177/00333549221138851 -
Journal of Education and Health... 2023Marital satisfaction and positive emotional experience towards one's spouse has always been effective in preserving and surviving the family, therefore one of the...
BACKGROUND
Marital satisfaction and positive emotional experience towards one's spouse has always been effective in preserving and surviving the family, therefore one of the concerns of family specialists is to improve these two structures in the family. This research was conducted with the aim of the effectiveness of imago therapy on marital satisfaction and emotional experience towards spouse among married men with conflict in Isfahan city.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The research was semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design with experimental and control groups. The statistical population was all married and conflicted men of Isfahan city in the year 1400, from whom a sample of 40 people was selected as available and non-randomly placed in an experimental group and a control group. The measurement tools were Inridge marital satisfaction scale with Cronbach's alpha above 0.80 and emotional experience towards spouse with Cronbach's alpha above 0.92 for each subscale). Both research groups were evaluated by research tools before and after training. While the control group was on the waiting list, the experimental group received Imago therapy. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (multivariate covariance analysis).
RESULTS
The results showed that imago therapy had a significant effect on the improvement of marital satisfaction and the dimensions of emotional experience towards the spouse ( = 0.01).
CONCLUSION
According to the present results, it can be said that this method can help family counselors to use this method to improve marital satisfaction and emotional experience towards the spouse and thereby reduce marital conflicts. He used this integrated method.
PubMed: 38333153
DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_520_22