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BMC Pulmonary Medicine Jun 2024Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have higher disease severity and mortality compared to those without COPD....
Exploring the microbiota difference of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid between community-acquired pneumonia with or without COPD based on metagenomic sequencing: a retrospective study.
BACKGROUND
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have higher disease severity and mortality compared to those without COPD. However, deep investigation into microbiome distribution of lower respiratory tract of CAP with or without COPD was unknown.
METHODS
So we used metagenomic next generation sequencing (mNGS) to explore the microbiome differences between the two groups.
RESULTS
Thirty-six CAP without COPD and 11 CAP with COPD cases were retrieved. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected and analyzed using untargeted mNGS and bioinformatic analysis. mNGS revealed that CAP with COPD group was abundant with Streptococcus, Prevotella, Bordetella at genus level and Cutibacterium acnes, Rothia mucilaginosa, Bordetella genomosp. 6 at species level. While CAP without COPD group was abundant with Ralstonia, Prevotella, Streptococcus at genus level and Ralstonia pickettii, Rothia mucilaginosa, Prevotella melaninogenica at species level. Meanwhile, both alpha and beta microbiome diversity was similar between groups. Linear discriminant analysis found that pa-raburkholderia, corynebacterium tuberculostearicum and staphylococcus hominis were more enriched in CAP without COPD group while the abundance of streptococcus intermedius, streptococcus constellatus, streptococcus milleri, fusarium was higher in CAP with COPD group.
CONCLUSIONS
These findings revealed that concomitant COPD have an mild impact on lower airway microbiome of CAP patients.
Topics: Humans; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Community-Acquired Infections; Male; Retrospective Studies; Aged; Female; Microbiota; Middle Aged; Metagenomics; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; Pneumonia; Aged, 80 and over
PubMed: 38867204
DOI: 10.1186/s12890-024-03087-6 -
Infection Oct 2023Streptococcal bloodstream infections (BSIs) are common, yet prognostic factors are poorly investigated. We aimed to investigate the mortality according to streptococcal...
PURPOSE
Streptococcal bloodstream infections (BSIs) are common, yet prognostic factors are poorly investigated. We aimed to investigate the mortality according to streptococcal species and seasonal variation.
METHODS
Patients with streptococcal BSIs from 2008 to 2017 in the Capital Region of Denmark were investigated, and data were crosslinked with nationwide registers for the identification of comorbidities. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to assess mortality according to streptococcal species and season of infection.
RESULTS
Among 6095 patients with a streptococcal BSI (mean age 68.1 years), the 30-day mortality was 16.1% and the one-year mortality was 31.5%. With S. pneumoniae as a reference, S. vestibularis was associated with a higher adjusted mortality both within 30 days (odds ratio (OR) 2.89 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.20-6.95]) and one year (OR 4.09 [95% CI 1.70-9.48]). One-year mortality was also higher in S. thermophilus, S. constellatus, S. parasanguinis, S. salivarius, S. anginosus, and S. mitis/oralis. However, S. mutans was associated with a lower one-year mortality OR 0.44 [95% CI 0.20-0.97], while S. gallolyticus was associated with both a lower 30-day (OR 0.42 [95% CI 0.26-0.67]) and one-year mortality (OR 0.66 [95% CI 0.48-0.93]). Furthermore, with infection in the summer as a reference, patients infected in the winter and autumn had a higher association with 30-day mortality.
CONCLUSIONS
The mortality in patients with streptococcal BSI was associated with streptococcal species. Further, patients with streptococcal BSIs infected in the autumn and winter had a higher risk of death within 30 days, compared with patients infected in the summer.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Prognosis; Streptococcus; Streptococcal Infections; Streptococcus pneumoniae; Sepsis; Bacteremia
PubMed: 36959526
DOI: 10.1007/s15010-023-02025-8 -
Brazilian Oral Research 2024This study aimed to identify and characterize the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of bacteria found in primary endodontic infections in the teeth of patients...
This study aimed to identify and characterize the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of bacteria found in primary endodontic infections in the teeth of patients treated at the Dental Clinic of the University of Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil. From September to December 2019, samples were obtained from 21 patients with primary endodontic infections. The collections were carried out in triplicate using paper cones placed close to the total length of the root canal. Bacterial isolation was performed in Brain Heart Infusion agar, Blood agar, and other selective culture media cultured at 37°C for up to 48 h under aerobiosis and microaerophilic conditions. The bacterial species were identified using the Vitek 2 automated system. The disk diffusion method on agar Müeller-Hinton was used to assess antimicrobial susceptibility with the recommended antimicrobials for each identified bacterial species. A total of 49 antibiotics were evaluated. Fifteen of the 21 samples collected showed bacterial growth, and 17 bacterial isolates were found. There were 10 different bacterial species identified: Enterococcus faecalis (four isolates), Streptococcus mitis/oralis (three isolates), Streptococcus anginosus (three isolates) being the most common, followed by Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecium, Streptococcus constellatus, Streptococcus alactolyticus, Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella variicola, and Providencia rettgeri (one isolate of each species). The analysis demonstrated significant susceptibility to most of the tested antibiotics. However, some Enterococcus isolates resisted the antibiotic's erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, and tetracycline. A Staphylococcus epidermidis isolate was characterized as multidrug-resistant. Five Streptococcus isolates were non-susceptible to all antibiotics tested.
Topics: Humans; Agar; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Brazil; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Enterococcus faecium; Culture Media; Anti-Infective Agents
PubMed: 38597544
DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2024.vol38.0024 -
Infectious Medicine Jun 2024brain abscesses are relatively rare. Here, we report our treatment of an anaerobic brain abscess caused by a mixed infection of , and diagnosed by metagenomic...
brain abscesses are relatively rare. Here, we report our treatment of an anaerobic brain abscess caused by a mixed infection of , and diagnosed by metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS). This is the first reported case of in a brain abscess. This case highlights the possibility that oral anaerobic microbes can cause a brain abscess and demonstrates that mNGS has the potential to be deployed to provide rapid infection diagnosis and rationalize antimicrobial therapy for brain abscesses.
PubMed: 38846345
DOI: 10.1016/j.imj.2024.100109 -
Cancer Investigation Jun 2024Biliary dysbiosis is associated with gallbladder cancer (GBC). We aimed to look for biliary bacteria specifically detected in GBC patients. We used 16S rRNA-based...
Biliary dysbiosis is associated with gallbladder cancer (GBC). We aimed to look for biliary bacteria specifically detected in GBC patients. We used 16S rRNA-based metagenomic analysis to elucidate biliary microbiota in 30 GBC and 30 gallstones-associated chronic cholecystitis patients. Relative abundance of five genera, , , and was significantly associated with GBC. Of 15-species, 7 were detected significantly higher in GBC, , , , , , and were biosafety level-2 infectious bacteria; other 8 species were biosafety level-1 bacteria. These bacterial species may be involved in pathogenesis of GBC.
PubMed: 38845533
DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2024.2361305 -
Foods (Basel, Switzerland) May 2024, commonly known as star anise, represents one of the notable botanical species and is recognized for its rich reservoir of diverse bioactive compounds. Beyond its...
, commonly known as star anise, represents one of the notable botanical species and is recognized for its rich reservoir of diverse bioactive compounds. Beyond its culinary application as a spice, this plant has been extensively utilized in traditional medicine. Given the contemporary emphasis on incorporating natural resources into food production, particularly essential oils, to enhance sensory attributes and extend shelf life, our study seeks to elucidate the chemical composition and evaluate the antibacterial (, ) and insecticidal properties of essential oil (IVEO). Also, microbiological analyses of pumpkin sous vide treated with IVEO after inoculation of were evaluated after 1 and 7 days of study. GC/MS analysis revealed a significantly high amount of ()-anethole (88.4%) in the investigated EO. The disc diffusion method shows that the antibacterial activity of the IVEO ranged from 5.33 () to 10.33 mm (). The lowest minimal inhibition concentration was found against and the minimum biofilm inhibition concertation was found against . In the vapor phase, the best antimicrobial activity was found against in the pears model and against in the beetroot model. The application of the sous vide method in combination with IVEO application decreased the number of microbial counts and eliminated the growth of . The most isolated microbiota identified from the sous vide pumpkin were , , , and . Modifications to the protein composition of biofilm-forming bacteria were suggested by the MALDI TOF MS instigations. The IVEO showed insecticidal potential against . Thanks to the properties of IVEO, our results suggest it can be used in the food industry as a natural supplement to extend the shelf life of foods and as a natural insecticide.
PubMed: 38790803
DOI: 10.3390/foods13101505 -
Oxford Medical Case Reports Jun 2024
PubMed: 38860022
DOI: 10.1093/omcr/omae064 -
Bilateral bartholin's gland abscesses in a 4-year-old girl with vitamin a deficiency: a case report.BMC Infectious Diseases May 2024A Bartholin's gland abscess is one of the most common infections in women of reproductive age. Although Bartholin's gland abscesses have been reported in prepubertal...
BACKGROUND
A Bartholin's gland abscess is one of the most common infections in women of reproductive age. Although Bartholin's gland abscesses have been reported in prepubertal children, they are rarer in prepubertal children than in adults. Herein, we report a case of bilateral Bartholin's gland abscesses in a 4-year-old girl with vitamin A deficiency.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 4-year-old girl diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder was admitted to the hospital for close examination and treatment because of persistent fever and malaise. The child was a marked fussy eater and was diagnosed with corneal ulceration and night blindness secondary to vitamin A deficiency. Both of the patient's labia were swollen, and a diagnosis of a bilateral Bartholin's gland abscess was made using computed tomography. Incisional drainage was performed under general anesthesia. The patient's postoperative course was uneventful, and she was discharged from the hospital on day 8 after the surgery. During hospitalization, attempts were made to correct the vitamin deficiency by adding nutritional supplements to the diet. Three months after the surgery, no recurrence of abscesses was noted.
CONCLUSIONS
Decreased immunocompetence and mucosal barrier function due to vitamin A deficiency is thought to be the underlying cause of Bartholin's gland abscesses. Although prepubertal Bartholin's gland abscesses have been reported, they are rare. To the best of our knowledge, no reports of bilateral Bartholin's gland abscesses potentially caused by vitamin A deficiency have been reported. When prepubertal girls present with Bartholin's gland abscesses, the presence of immunodeficiency due to vitamin or trace element deficiency should also be considered.
Topics: Humans; Female; Child, Preschool; Abscess; Bartholin's Glands; Vitamin A Deficiency; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Vulvar Diseases
PubMed: 38734601
DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09382-1