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Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Sep 2023Encapsulation of bioactive compounds in the liposome system provides several advantages, such as enhancing the stability and lowering the toxicity of active compounds....
Encapsulation of bioactive compounds in the liposome system provides several advantages, such as enhancing the stability and lowering the toxicity of active compounds. Coffee berry extract (CBE) has previously been established to have in vitro anti-aging properties and to retard the aging of human skin. The purposes of this study were to encapsulate CBE in nanoliposomes and to assess its stability and in vitro anti-aging potential in human dermal fibroblasts (HDF), as well as in healthy human skin. In the HDF model, anti-aging potential was determined by nitric oxide (NO) and collagenase inhibition assays and a superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity assay, whereas in healthy human skin (in vivo), the skin elasticity and brightness were examined. First, liposomal CBE (L-CBE) was created with a particle size of 117.33 ± 2.91 nm, a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.36 ± 0.03, and a zeta potential of -56.13 ± 1.87 mV. The percentages of encapsulation efficacy (%EE) and loading efficacy (%LE) were 71.26 ± 3.12% and 2.18 ± 0.18%, respectively. After undergoing a 12-week stability test, the L-CBE retained more phenolic content than the free CBE when stored at 4 °C, room temperature, and 45 °C. Compared to free CBE, the L-CBE demonstrated a more consistent, elevated, and prolonged release of phenolics from the lipid system. In human dermal fibroblasts, L-CBE showed lower toxicity, and at its maximum nontoxic concentration (10 mg/mL), it exhibited slightly higher anti-aging effects than CBE, including NO inhibition, enhanced SOD activity, and anti-collagenase activities. In clinical trials (30 volunteer subjects), none of the participants' skin was irritated when the L-CBE, the CBE, or base creams were applied. After 2 weeks of application, the L-CBE and CBE creams both demonstrated an improvement in skin elasticity and a reduction in melanin levels, and after 4 weeks, L-CBE cream showed a significantly greater improvement in skin elasticity and lightening. The results demonstrate that the encapsulation of the CBE in liposomal systems could increase its stability and skin penetration, reduce its toxicity, and maintain its anti-aging effect, which is powerful enough to be exploited in anti-aging and whitening agents for application in cosmetics and cosmeceuticals.
Topics: Humans; Coffea; Skin; Cosmetics; Aging; Superoxide Dismutase; Liposomes
PubMed: 37836673
DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196830 -
Scientific Reports Aug 2023Castanopsis fissa is a native, broadleaf tree species in Guangdong with characteristics of barrenness and fast growth and is often used as a pioneer species for...
Castanopsis fissa is a native, broadleaf tree species in Guangdong with characteristics of barrenness and fast growth and is often used as a pioneer species for vegetation restoration with excellent ecological benefits. To explore the response of C.fissa to drought, this study investigated the drought tolerance mechanism of C.fissa using physiological and proteomic assessments. Using a potted continuous drought experimental method with normal water supply as a control, we measured photosynthetic parameters, antioxidant enzyme activities, and osmoregulatory substances of C. fissa in response to drought stress for 1 to 4 weeks, respectively. In addition, we used TMT quantitative proteomics to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between the drought-stress-treated C. fissa leaves and the control leaves. With the extension of drought stress time, the photosynthetic indexes and peroxidase (POD) activity of C. fissa leaves showed a decreasing trend. The malondialdehyde (MDA) content; superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities; and proline (Pro), soluble sugar (SS) and soluble protein (SP) contents showed an overall increasing trend, all of which reached significant differences at 4 w of stress. We identified 177 and 529 DEPs in the 2 and 4 weeks drought-stress leaves, respectively, in reference to the control leaves. These DEPs were closely related to physiological metabolic processes such as photosynthesis, energy and carbohydrate metabolism, stress response and defense, transcriptional regulation, and signal ion transduction. Drought stress mainly affects photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, and protein synthesis and degradation in C. fissa leaves. At 2 weeks of stress, the expression of carbon metabolism, pyruvate metabolism and ribosome-related proteins was significantly changed, however, and at 4 weeks of stress, protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum and spliceosome-related proteins were significantly increased in plant leaves. To alleviate the effect of water unavailability, the drought-stressed C.fissa leaves increased its oxidative protective enzyme system to eliminate excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) and also increased its Pro and SP contents to maintain the intracellular osmotic potential balance.
Topics: Droughts; Proteomics; Antioxidants; Reactive Oxygen Species; Photosynthesis; Superoxide Dismutase; Stress, Physiological; Plant Leaves
PubMed: 37532761
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39235-x -
Scientific Reports Oct 2023Global warming is a critical challenge limiting crop productivity. Heat stress during cucumber growing stages caused deterioration impacts on the flowering, fruit, and...
Global warming is a critical challenge limiting crop productivity. Heat stress during cucumber growing stages caused deterioration impacts on the flowering, fruit, and yield stages. In this study, "inbred line 1 and hybrid P1 × P2" (heat-tolerant) and "Barracuda" (heat-sensitive) were utilized to determine the heat tolerance in summer season. The heat injury index was used to exhibit the heat tolerance performance. The heat injury index for heat tolerant (HT) genotypes, on leaves (HIIL%) and female flowers (HIIF%), was less than 25 and 15 % in HT, compared to heat sensitive (HS) was more than 75 and 85%, respectively. Moreover, the content of leaf chlorophyll, proline, brassinosteroid (BRs), abscisic acid content (ABA), the activity of catalase (CAT, EC 1.11. 1.6), peroxidase (POD, EC 1.11.1.7) and superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1) increased with the heat stress responses in HT plants. Expression pattern analyses of eight genes, related to POD (CSGY4G005180 and CSGY6G015230), SOD (CSGY4G010750 and CSGY1G026400), CAT (CsGy4G025230 and CsGy4G025240), and BR (CsGy6G029150 and CsGy6G004930) showed a significant increase in HT higher than in HS plants. This study furnishes valuable markers for heat tolerance genotypes breeding in cucumber and provides a basis for understanding heat-tolerance mechanisms.
Topics: Cucumis sativus; Thermotolerance; Plant Breeding; Superoxide Dismutase; Heat-Shock Response
PubMed: 37907590
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45163-7 -
Chemistry (Weinheim An Der Bergstrasse,... Jul 2023Nanoparticles exhibiting enzymatic functions have garnered considerable attention due to their structural robustness and the profusion of active sites that can be...
Nanoparticles exhibiting enzymatic functions have garnered considerable attention due to their structural robustness and the profusion of active sites that can be introduced to a single nanosized particle. Here we report that nanosized mixed-metal zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) show a superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like catalytic activity. We chose a ZIF composed of copper and zinc ions and 2-methylimidazole, CuZn-ZIF-8, in which the Cu and Zn ions are bridged by an imidazolato ligand. This coordination geometry closely mimics the active site of CuZn superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD). The CuZn-ZIF-8 nanoparticles exhibit potent SOD-like activity, attributed to their porous nature and numerous copper active sites, and also possess exceptional recyclability.
Topics: Copper; Zeolites; Biomimetics; Superoxide Dismutase; Nanoparticles
PubMed: 37096647
DOI: 10.1002/chem.202300881 -
Colloids and Surfaces. B, Biointerfaces Nov 2023The three enzymes galactose oxidase (GO), catalase (CAT), and Mn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) were simultaneously immobilized by coordinating to Cu in phosphate buffer...
The three enzymes galactose oxidase (GO), catalase (CAT), and Mn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) were simultaneously immobilized by coordinating to Cu in phosphate buffer saline. The biocatalyst GO&CAT&SOD@Cu was used for the conversion of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). The immobilized GO catalyzes the oxidation of HMF to 2,5-diformylfuran (DFF), concomitantly the co-substrate O is reduced to hydrogen peroxide (HO). A portion of the byproduct HO is broken down to O and HO by the co-immobilized CAT, and the evolved O can be recycled and used as the co-substrate. A portion of the byproduct HO is broken down to produce hydroxyl radicals •OH under the synergistic catalysis of the immobilized SOD and coordinated Cu, and the produced •OH can reactivate the immobilized galactose oxidase. Two aspects contribute to the high catalytic efficiency by GO&CAT&SOD@Cu: the reactivation of the immobilized galactose oxidase by producing •OH and the enrichment of the co-substate O by recycling the produced O. For the conversion of 10 mM HMF, GO&CAT&SOD@Cu (with encapsulated GO 0.2 mg/mL) achieved 97% HMF conversion within 2 h reaction. In contrast, free galactose oxidase M variant (ACS Catalysis 2018, 8, 4025) (0.2 mg/mL) achieved 25.3% HMF conversion within 2 h reaction. All the reactions were carried out in pure water, not in PBS.
Topics: Galactose Oxidase; Catalase; Water; Hydrogen Peroxide; Superoxide Dismutase
PubMed: 37722253
DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113541 -
Free Radical Biology & Medicine Nov 2023Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive loss of motor neurons, systemic hypermetabolism, and inflammation. In... (Review)
Review
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive loss of motor neurons, systemic hypermetabolism, and inflammation. In this context, oxylipins have been investigated as signaling molecules linked to neurodegeneration, although their specific role in ALS remains unclear. Importantly, most methods focused on oxylipin analysis are based on low-resolution mass spectrometry, which usually confers high sensitivity, but not great accuracy for molecular characterization, as provided by high-resolution MS (HRMS). Here, we established an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography HRMS (LC-HRMS) method for simultaneous analysis of 126 oxylipins in plasma. Intra- and inter-day method validation showed high sensitivity (0.3-25 pg), accuracy and precision for more than 90% of quality controls. This method was applied in plasma of ALS rats overexpressing the mutant human Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase gene (SOD1-G93A) at asymptomatic (ALS 70 days old) and symptomatic stages (ALS 120 days old), and their respective age-matched wild type controls. From the 56 oxylipins identified in plasma, 17 species were significantly altered. Remarkably, most of oxylipins linked to inflammation and oxidative stress derived from arachidonic acid (AA), like prostaglandins and mono-hydroxides, were increased in ALS 120 d rats. In addition, ketones derived from AA and linoleic acid (LA) were increased in both WT 120 d and ALS 120 d groups, supporting that age also modulates oxylipin metabolism in plasma. Interestingly, the LA-derived diols involved in fatty acid uptake and β-oxidation, 9(10)-DiHOME and 12(13)-DiHOME, were decreased in ALS 120 d rats and showed significant synergic effects between age and disease factors. In summary, we validated a high-throughput LC-HRMS method for oxylipin analysis and provided a comprehensive overview of plasma oxylipins involved in ALS disease progression. Noteworthy, the oxylipins altered in plasma have potential to be investigated as biomarkers for inflammation and hypermetabolism in ALS.
Topics: Rats; Humans; Animals; Mice; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Oxylipins; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Mass Spectrometry; Superoxide Dismutase-1; Inflammation; Disease Models, Animal; Mice, Transgenic; Superoxide Dismutase
PubMed: 37619957
DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.08.019 -
International Immunopharmacology Mar 2024Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with adverse myocardial remodeling and impaired cardiac function of fetus. Nevertheless, specific molecular mechanisms...
BACKGROUND
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with adverse myocardial remodeling and impaired cardiac function of fetus. Nevertheless, specific molecular mechanisms underlying type 1 GDM-induced fetal myocardial injury remain unknown. Therefore, this study proposes to identify possible molecular mechanisms using RNA-seq.
METHODS
A rat type 1 GDM model was developed using streptozotocin (STZ) (25 and 50 mg/kg), and weight and glucose tolerance of maternal and offspring were evaluated. Changes in markers of myocardial injury and oxidative stress identified by ELISA and biochemical kits in offspring hearts. Identification of differentially expressed mRNAs (DE-mRNAs) associated with myocardial injury in type 1 GDM offspring using RNA-seq. Proliferation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress were assessed in high glucose-induced H9C2 cells after exogenously modulating ATP Synthase Membrane Subunit E (ATP5me).
RESULTS
Maternal weight, glucose and glucose tolerance, and fetal weight and heart weight were reduced in the type 1 GDM model, especially in 50 mg/kg STZ-induced. Increased of creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), cardiac troponin T (cTnT), hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreased of superoxide dismutase (SOD) were observed in type 1 GDM offspring hearts. type 1 GDM offspring hearts exhibited disorganized cardiomyocytes with enlarged gaps, broken myocardial fibers, erythrocyte accumulation and inflammatory infiltration. RNA-seq identified 462 DE-mRNAs in type 1 GDM offspring hearts, which mainly regulate immunity, redox reactions, and cellular communication. Atp5me was under-expressed in type 1 GDM offspring hearts, and high glucose decreased Atp5me expression in H9C2 cells. Overexpressing Atp5me alleviated high glucose-induced decrease in proliferation, mitochondrial membrane potential, BCL2 and SOD, and increase in apoptosis, MDA, ROS, c-Caspase-3, and BAX in H9C2 cells.
CONCLUSION
This study first demonstrated that ATP5me attenuated type 1 GDM-induced fetal myocardial injury. This provides a possible molecular mechanism for the treatment of type 1 GDM-induced fetal myocardial injury.
Topics: Rats; Animals; Myocytes, Cardiac; Reactive Oxygen Species; Myocardium; Oxidative Stress; Glucose; Apoptosis; Heart Injuries; Superoxide Dismutase
PubMed: 38320353
DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111626 -
ACS Chemical Neuroscience Jul 2023Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is believed to be caused by the aggregation of misfolded or mutated superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1). As there is currently no...
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is believed to be caused by the aggregation of misfolded or mutated superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1). As there is currently no treatment, research into aggregation inhibitors continues. Based on docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and experimental observations, we propose that myricetin, a plant flavonoid, can act as a potent anti-amyloidogenic polyphenol against SOD1 aggregation. Our MD simulation results showed that myricetin stabilizes the protein interface, destabilizes the preformed fibril, and decreases the rate of fibril elongation. Myricetin inhibits the aggregation of SOD1 in a dose-dependent manner as shown by the ThT aggregation kinetics curves. Our transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and circular dichroism experiments indicate that fewer shorter fibrils have formed. Fluorescence spectroscopy results predict the involvement of a static quenching mechanism characterized by a strong binding between protein and myricetin. Importantly, size exclusion chromatography revealed the potential of myricetin for fibril destabilization and depolymerization. These experimental observations complement the MD results. Thus, myricetin is a potent SOD1 aggregation inhibitor that can reduce the fibril load. Using the structure of myricetin as a reference, it is possible to design more effective therapeutic inhibitors against ALS that prevent the disease and reverse its effects.
Topics: Humans; Superoxide Dismutase-1; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Polyphenols; Flavonoids; Superoxide Dismutase; Mutation
PubMed: 37314311
DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00276 -
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy =... Aug 2023As an effective antioxidant enzyme, superoxide dismutase (SOD) has been widely used as a food supplement, cosmetic additive, and therapeutic agent. However, oral...
As an effective antioxidant enzyme, superoxide dismutase (SOD) has been widely used as a food supplement, cosmetic additive, and therapeutic agent. However, oral delivery of SOD is challenging due to its relative instability, limited bioavailability, and low absorption efficiency in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. We addressed these issues using a highly stable superoxide dismutase (hsSOD) generated from a hot spring microbial sample. This SOD exhibited a specific activity of 5000 IU/mg while retaining its enzymatic activity under low pH environments of an artificial GI system and in the presence of surfactants and various proteolytic enzymes. The inhibitory effects of hsSOD against skin-aging was evaluated under both in vitro and in vivo experiments using fibroblast cell and D-galactose induced aging-mouse models, respectively. Effective oral delivery of hsSOD promises wide applicability in pharmaceutical and food industries.
Topics: Animals; Mice; Skin Aging; Superoxide Dismutase; Antioxidants; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Aging
PubMed: 37209626
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114878 -
Fish & Shellfish Immunology Jun 2024Copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD) can effectively eliminate reactive oxygen species (ROS),avoid damage from O to the body, and maintain O balance. In this...
Copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD) can effectively eliminate reactive oxygen species (ROS),avoid damage from O to the body, and maintain O balance. In this study, multi-step high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), combined with Mass Spectrometry (MS), was used to isolate and identify Cu/Zn-SOD from the serum of Pinctada fucata martensii (P. f. martensii) and was designated as PmECSOD. With a length of 1864 bp and an open reading frame (ORF) of 1422 bp, the cDNA encodes a 473 amino acid protein. The PmECSOD transcript was detected in multiple tissues by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), with its highest expression level being in the gills. Additionally, the temporal expression of PmECSOD mRNA in the hemolymph was highest at 48 h after in vivo stimulation with Escherichia coli and Micrococcus luteus. The results from this study provide a valuable base for further exploration of molluscan innate immunity and immune response.
Topics: Animals; Pinctada; Superoxide Dismutase; Amino Acid Sequence; Immunity, Innate; Phylogeny; Gene Expression Profiling; Base Sequence; Sequence Alignment; Escherichia coli; DNA, Complementary; Micrococcus luteus; Gene Expression Regulation; RNA, Messenger
PubMed: 38701990
DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109599