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International Journal of Molecular... Aug 2023The early identification of women with an increased risk of preeclampsia (PE) is desirable, but apart from soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1), few biomarkers... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
The early identification of women with an increased risk of preeclampsia (PE) is desirable, but apart from soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1), few biomarkers have previously been identified as relevant for predicting preeclampsia. Since kinases and phosphatases regulate critical biological processes and previous evidence suggests a potential role of these molecules in preeclampsia, we performed this systematic review and metanalysis. The objective was to determine if there are kinases and phosphatases whose serum levels are different between women with and without PE, being relevant biomarkers of PE. We followed the recommendations of Cochrane and the Preferred Reported Items for Systematic Reviews and Metanalysis (PRISMA) to perform this study. The MESH terms preeclampsia, kinases, phosphatases, angiopoietins, soluble tyrosine protein kinase receptor (sTIE2), and cellular-mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (c-MET) were combined to find relevant articles in the PubMed, PROSPERO, and Cochrane databases. Then, a qualitative and quantitative analysis was performed in R Studio software. From 580 abstracts identified, 37 were included in the final analysis, which comprised 24,211 pregnant women (2879 with PE and 21,332 women without PE [HP]. The pooled analysis showed that serum creatine kinase (CK) (SMD: 2.43, CI 95% 0.25-4.62) was significantly higher in PE, whereas sTIE2 and anti-angiogenic factor soluble c-Met (sMet)were significantly lower in PE than in HP (SMD: -0.23, CI95% -0.37 to -0.09; and SMD:0.24, CI95% 0.01-0.47, respectively). Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), angiopoietin-1 (ANG-1), angiopoietin-2 (ANG-2), the ratio angiopoietin-1/angiopoietin-2, acid phosphatase, and alkaline phosphatase were not different between women with PE and HP. In summary CK, sTIE2, and c-MET are relevant biomarkers of PE. It is desirable to incorporate them into current models for PE prediction to evaluate their utility as biomarkers.
Topics: Pregnancy; Female; Humans; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; Angiopoietin-1; Angiopoietin-2; Pre-Eclampsia; Antibodies; Receptor, trkA
PubMed: 37629025
DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612842 -
Medicine Feb 2024Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is one of the primary causes of chronic liver disease worldwide. Obeticholic acid (OCA), a potent... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is one of the primary causes of chronic liver disease worldwide. Obeticholic acid (OCA), a potent farnesoid X nuclear receptor activator, has shown promise for treating NASH-related fibrosis due to its anti-fibrotic effects. This study aimed to examine the efficacy of OCA for patients with NASH as well as to investigate its impact on dyslipidemia.
METHOD
A search of databases including PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library from January 1, 2010, to November 1, 2022, was conducted to identify systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials involving NASH patients. Inclusion criteria comprised randomized controlled trials that specifically addressed NASH as diagnosed through magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, or histology. The results were then categorized, with consideration given to both biochemical and histological outcomes.
RESULT
Five NASH studies were ultimately selected for further analysis. In terms of biochemical indicators, patients receiving OCA treatment showed improvements in alanine transaminase (mean difference: -19.48, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -24.39 to 14.58; P < .05) and aspartate aminotransferase (mean difference: -9.22, 95% CI: -12.70 to 5.74; P < .05). As for histological improvement, OCA treatment reduced fibrosis (odds ratio [OR]: 1.95, 95% CI: 1.47-2.59; P = .001) and steatosis (OR: 1.95, 95% CI: 1.47-2.59; P = .001). No significant differences were observed regarding adverse events (1.44, 95% CI: 0.57-3.62; P > .001). Regarding dyslipidemia, mean differences between total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein were found to be high (0.33, 95% CI: 0.01-0.64, P < .05; 0.39, 95% CI: 0.04-0.73, P < .05). In the case of pruritus, OCA achieved a high OR (3.22, 95% CI: 2.22-4.74) compared with placebo.
CONCLUSION
OCA also reduced several liver test markers compared to placebo, including the biochemical indicators alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, and improved hepatocellular ballooning, fibrosis, steatosis, and lobular inflammation. Although the incidence of adverse events did not significantly differ between OCA and placebo groups among NASH patients, OCA treatment was found to elevate total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels, and the reported severity of pruritus increased with higher doses of OCA.
Topics: Humans; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; Alanine Transaminase; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Chenodeoxycholic Acid; Fibrosis; Lipoproteins, LDL; Dyslipidemias; Pruritus; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Cholesterol
PubMed: 38363900
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000037271 -
Alternative Therapies in Health and... Nov 2023This meta-analysis aims to assess the clinical effectiveness of the combination therapy involving Teriparatide (TPTD) and Denosumab (DEN) in managing postmenopausal...
OBJECTIVE
This meta-analysis aims to assess the clinical effectiveness of the combination therapy involving Teriparatide (TPTD) and Denosumab (DEN) in managing postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO). The findings provide valuable insights into clinical treatment decisions.
METHODS
We conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, and other relevant databases to gather literature concerning the treatment of PMO with TPTD and DEN. After a thorough screening, we selected and analyzed the final literature set. Information relevant to the study was extracted, and a quality assessment was carried out. The meta-analysis utilized RevMan 5.3 software to evaluate the impact of DEN combined with TPTD on parameters such as bone mineral density (BMD), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5b (TRACP-5b), fracture incidence, and adverse reactions in PMO patients.
RESULTS
After the screening process, a total of 513 patients were studied across 8 studies. Among these, 259 patients received treatment involving DEN combined with TPTD (the research group), while 254 patients were subjected to different treatment regimens (the control group). As per the Cochrane Handbook's quality assessment, all included literature exhibited high overall quality. The meta-analysis demonstrated that the research group exhibited significantly higher BMD than the control group, lower TRACP-5b levels and fracture incidence (P < .05). However, the two groups had no evident difference in adverse reaction incidence (P > .05).
CONCLUSIONS
The combined treatment of DEN and TPTD exhibits notable efficacy in managing PMO, warranting its promotion and use in clinical practice.
PubMed: 37944971
DOI: No ID Found -
Frontiers in Plant Science 2023With the continuous changes in climate patterns due to global warming, drought has become an important limiting factor in the development of terrestrial ecosystems....
INTRODUCTION
With the continuous changes in climate patterns due to global warming, drought has become an important limiting factor in the development of terrestrial ecosystems. However, a comprehensive understanding of the impact of drought on soil microbial activity at a global scale is lacking.
METHODS
In this study, we aimed to examine the effects of drought on soil microbial biomass (carbon [MBC], nitrogen [MBN], and phosphorus [MBP]) and enzyme activity (β-1, 4-glucosidase [BG]; β-D-cellobiosidase [CBH]; β-1, 4-N-acetylglucosaminidase [NAG]; L-leucine aminopeptidase [LAP]; and acid phosphatase [AP]). Additionally, we conducted a meta-analysis to determine the degree to which these effects are regulated by vegetation type, drought intensity, drought duration, and mean annual temperature (MAT).
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
Our results showed that drought significantly decreased the MBC, MBN, and MBP and the activity levels of BG and AP by 22.7%, 21.2%, 21.6%, 26.8%, and 16.1%, respectively. In terms of vegetation type, drought mainly affected the MBC and MBN in croplands and grasslands. Furthermore, the response ratio of BG, CBH, NAG, and LAP were negatively correlated with drought intensity, whereas MBN and MBP and the activity levels of BG and CBH were negatively correlated with drought duration. Additionally, the response ratio of BG and NAG were negatively correlated with MAT. In conclusion, drought significantly reduced soil microbial biomass and enzyme activity on a global scale. Our results highlight the strong impact of drought on soil microbial biomass and carbon- and phosphorus-acquiring enzyme activity.
PubMed: 37692424
DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1221288 -
Systematic Reviews Jan 2024Up to 40% of UDCA-treated patients do not have an adequate clinical response. Farnesoid X receptor agonists, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor agonists, and... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Optimal drug regimens for improving ALP biochemical levels in patients with primary biliary cholangitis refractory to UDCA: a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis.
BACKGROUND
Up to 40% of UDCA-treated patients do not have an adequate clinical response. Farnesoid X receptor agonists, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor agonists, and fibroblast growth factor 19 analogs were developed as adjunctive therapy. The aim of this network meta-analysis was to compare the efficacy of these drugs as add-on therapy for patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) refractory to UDCA in improving ALP levels.
METHODS
We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library for eligible studies until 1 December 2023. Randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and case-control studies comparing the efficacy of different combination treatments and UDCA monotherapy in UDCA-refractory PBC patients were included in the analysis. Cumulative probability was used to rank the included treatments.
RESULTS
A total of 23 articles were eligible for our network meta-analysis. In terms of improving ALP levels, In terms of improving ALP biochemical levels, bezafibrate combined with UDCA (MD 104.49, 95% CI 60.41, 161.92), fenofibrate combined with UDCA (MD 87.81, 95% CI (52.34, 129.79), OCA combined with UDCA (MD 65.21, 95% CI 8.99, 121.80), seladelpar combined with UDCA (MD 117.39, 95% CI 19.97, 213.95), elafibranor combined with UDCA (MD 140.73, 95% CI 74.34, 209.98), saroglitazar combined with UDCA (MD 132.09, 95% CI 13.99, 247.04) was more effective than UDCA monotherapy. Elafibranor in combination with UDCA was the most likely (32%) to be the optimal drug regimen.
CONCLUSION
As second-line therapy for UDCA-refractory PBC, PPAR agonists were more effective than any other drugs with other mechanisms in improving ALP biochemical levels, with elafibranor being the best.
Topics: Humans; Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary; Ursodeoxycholic Acid; Bayes Theorem; Network Meta-Analysis; Drug Therapy, Combination; Treatment Outcome; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Propionates; Chalcones
PubMed: 38287391
DOI: 10.1186/s13643-024-02460-0 -
PloS One 2024This study aimed to evaluate the intervention effect of curcumin on hepatic fibrosis in rodent models through systematic review and meta-analysis, in order to provide... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to evaluate the intervention effect of curcumin on hepatic fibrosis in rodent models through systematic review and meta-analysis, in order to provide meaningful guidance for clinical practice.
METHODS
A systematic retrieval of relevant studies on curcumin intervention in rats or mice hepatic fibrosis models was conducted, and the data were extracted. The outcome indicators included liver cell structure and function related indicators, such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), albumin (ALB), ratio of albumin to globulin (A/G), total bilirubin (TBIL), bax protein, bcl-2 protein and index of liver, as well as the relevant indicators for evaluating the degree of hepatic fibrosis, such as hyaluronic acid (HA), laminin (LN), type I collagen (Collagen I), type III collagen (Collagen III), type III procollagen (PCIII), type III procollagen amino terminal peptide (PIIINP), type IV collagen (IV-C), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), α-Smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), hydroxyproline (HYP), platelet derived factor-BB (PDGF-BB), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and oxidative stress-related indicators, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). These results were then analyzed by meta-analysis. Studies were evaluated for methodological quality using the syrcle's bias risk tool.
RESULTS
A total of 59 studies were included in the meta-analysis, and the results showed that curcumin can reduce the levels of ALT, AST, ALP, TBIL, bax protein, and index of liver in hepatic fibrosis models. It can also reduce HA, LN, Collagen I, Collagen III, PCIII, PIIINP, IV-C, TNF-α, α-SMA, HYP, PDGF-BB, CTGF, TGF-β1 and MDA, and increase the levels of ALB, A/G, SOD, and GSH-Px in the hepatic fibrosis models. However, the effects of curcumin on bcl-2 protein, IL-6 in hepatic fibrosis models and index of liver in mice were not statistically significant.
CONCLUSION
The analysis results indicate that curcumin can reduce liver cell apoptosis by maintaining the stability of liver cell membrane, inhibit the activation and proliferation of hepatic stellate cells by reducing inflammatory response, and alleviate tissue peroxidation damage by clearing oxygen free radicals.
Topics: Animals; Liver Cirrhosis; Curcumin; Mice; Rats; Disease Models, Animal; Oxidative Stress; Liver
PubMed: 38781262
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304176 -
Frontiers in Pharmacology 2024Gukang Capsule has been used as a complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) for the treatment of primary osteoporosis (POP) in China. The primary aim of this study...
Gukang Capsule has been used as a complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) for the treatment of primary osteoporosis (POP) in China. The primary aim of this study was to assess the clinical effectiveness and safety of Gukang Capsule in POP patients. A systematic search was conducted across multiple academic databases including PubMed, Web of science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chongqing VIP Information, and Wanfang database to identify randomized controlled trials investigating the Gukang Capsule in the treatment of POP. The screening process, data extraction, and assessment of methodological quality were conducted independently by two reviewers. Statistical analysis was performed using the Rev Man 5.3 software. Subgroup analysis was carried out through the combination of OPF. Subgroup analysis was performed according to whether OPF were combined. Stata 12.0 was used for sensitivity and bias analysis. Nineteen studies were assessed that included 1804 participants. It was found that compared with the control group, the total effective rate (RR = 1.26, 95% CI, 1.20, 1.33), the Medical Outcomes Study Short-form 36 [RR = 1.26, 95% CI(1.20, 1.33)], the bone mineral density (BMD) of lumbar vertebra (SMD = 0.77, 95% CI, 0.48, 1.07), the BMD of femoral neck [SMD = 0.84, 95% CI(0.53, 1.14)], and the BMD of Ward's triangle (SMD = 0.64, 95% CI, 0.44, 0.85) of the Gukang Capsule experimental group were higher. Compared with the control group, the fracture healing time (SMD = -2.14, 95% CI, -2.45, -1.84), the bone specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP) levels in serum (SMD = -2.00, 95% CI, -2.83, -1.17), the tartrate resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP-5b) levels in serum (SMD = -2.58, 95% CI, -3.87, -1.29) of the Gukang Capsule experimental group were lower. The bone glaprotein (BGP) levels in serum (SMD = -0.22, 95% CI, -1.86, 1.43) and the adverse events (RR = 0.80, 95% CI, 0.40, 1.63) of the experimental group and the control group have no difference. Gukang Capsule, as a CAM for the management of POP, exhibits the potential to enhance BMD and quality of life, expedite the healing time of OPF, diminish levels of BALP and TRACP-5b, and improve the total effective rate without increasing the adverse events. https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023477774, PROSPERO CRD42023477774.
PubMed: 38915472
DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1394537 -
BMC Endocrine Disorders Apr 2024Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are widely used in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) therapy. The impact of SGLT2 inhibitors on bone metabolism has been... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are widely used in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) therapy. The impact of SGLT2 inhibitors on bone metabolism has been widely taken into consideration. But there are controversial results in the study on the effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on bone metabolism in patients with T2DM. Therefore, we aimed to examine whether and to what extent SGLT2 inhibitors affect bone metabolism in patients with T2DM.
METHODS
A literature search of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted through PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane databases, and Scopus from inception until 15 April 2023. Eligible RCTs compared the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors versus placebo on bone mineral density and bone metabolism in patients with T2DM. To evaluate the differences between groups, a meta-analysis was conducted using the random effects inverse-variance model by utilizing standardized mean differences (SMD).
RESULTS
Through screening, 25 articles were finally included, covering 22,828 patients. The results showed that, compared with placebo, SGLT2 inhibitors significantly increased parathyroid hormone (PTH, SMD = 0.13; 95%CI: 0.06, 0.20), and cross-linked C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen (CTX, SMD = 0.11; 95%CI: 0.01, 0.21) in patients with T2DM, decreased serum alkaline phosphatase levels (ALP, SMD = -0.06; 95%CI: -0.10, -0.03), and had no significant effect on bone mineral density (BMD), procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide (P1NP), 25-hydroxy vitamin D, tartrate resistant acid phosphatase-5b (TRACP-5b) and osteocalcin.
CONCLUSIONS
SGLT2 inhibitors may negatively affect bone metabolism by increasing serum PTH, CTX, and decreasing serum ALP. This conclusion needs to be verified by more studies due to the limited number and quality of included studies.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
PROSPERO, identifier CRD42023410701.
Topics: Humans; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Bone Density; Bone and Bones; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 38658986
DOI: 10.1186/s12902-024-01575-8 -
Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and... Feb 2024There is still a lack of sufficient evidence-based medical data on the effect of resveratrol (Res) on primary osteoporosis (OP). This meta-analysis aimed to... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
There is still a lack of sufficient evidence-based medical data on the effect of resveratrol (Res) on primary osteoporosis (OP). This meta-analysis aimed to comprehensively evaluate the role of Res in animal models of primary OP.
METHODS
The PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Embase databases were searched up to August 2023. The risk of bias was assessed by the SYRCLE RoB tool. Random- or fixed-effects models were used to determine the 90% confidence interval (CI) or standardized mean difference (SMD). Statistical analysis was performed with RevMan 5.4 and Stata 14.0.
RESULTS
A total of 24 studies containing 714 individuals were included. Compared with those in the control group, the bone mineral density (BMD) (P < 0.00001), bone volume/total volume (BV/TV) (P < 0.001), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th) (P < 0.00001), and trabecular number (Tb.N) (P < 0.00001) were markedly greater, and the trabecular separation (Tb.Sp) (P < 0.00001) was significantly greater. Compared with the control group, the Res group also exhibited marked decreases in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (P < 0.05), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRAP5b) (P < 0.01), and type I collagen strong carboxyl peptide (CTX-1) (P < 0.00001) and a marked increase in osteoprotegerin (OPG) (P < 0.00001).
CONCLUSION
In summary, we concluded that Res can markedly increase BMD, improve morphometric indices of trabecular microstructure and serum bone turnover markers (BTMs), and exert a protective effect in animal models of primary osteoporosis. This study can supply experimental reference for Res in primary osteoporosis treatment.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Osteoporosis; Resveratrol; Bone Density; Alkaline Phosphatase; Models, Animal
PubMed: 38350991
DOI: 10.1186/s13018-024-04595-1 -
Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics 2024Bisphosphonates have an inhibitory impact on osteoclastic activity, reducing bone resorption. However, the influence of risedronate on tooth movement is not well-defined.
INTRODUCTION
Bisphosphonates have an inhibitory impact on osteoclastic activity, reducing bone resorption. However, the influence of risedronate on tooth movement is not well-defined.
OBJECTIVE
This systematic review assessed the effect of risedronate intake on orthodontic tooth movement. A case report was also provided.
METHODS
Two independent reviewers searched six databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Ovid, Lilacs, Scopus, and Open Grey). The searches were carried out in April/2020, and an update was set in place in June/2023. Therefore, the searches considered a timeline from the databases' inception date until June/2023, with no publication date and/or language restrictions. The clinical question focused on evaluating the orthodontic tooth movement and relapse movement (Outcome) in animals (Population) exposed to risedronate (Exposure), compared to control groups (Comparison). The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines were applied, and the protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020168581). The risk of bias was determined using the Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation protocol (SYRCLE).
RESULTS
Two studies in rats and one in guinea pigs were included in the systematic review. The studies reported a decrease in orthodontic tooth movement, a reduction in the relapse movement, and a reduced number of positive tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) cells, with a significantly reduced number of bone gaps after the administration of risedronate in rats. A case report illustrated the effects of risedronate administration in one patient.
CONCLUSION
Based on the systematic review, risedronate seems to impair orthodontic tooth movement and relapse due to a decrease in bone resorption cells.
Topics: Animals; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Rats; Bone Resorption; Recurrence; Risedronic Acid; Rodentia; Tooth Movement Techniques
PubMed: 38198389
DOI: 10.1590/2177-6709.28.6.e2322280.oar