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Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of... Oct 2023This study aims to systematically review the literature and evaluate the effect of post-printing factors such as aging, heat, appliance fabrication and storage on the... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
This study aims to systematically review the literature and evaluate the effect of post-printing factors such as aging, heat, appliance fabrication and storage on the dimensional accuracy of full-arch dental models manufactured by additive manufacturing (AM) technology for the intended use of working model purposes.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Three online databases, Medline (Ovid), Scopus and Web of Science were screened and last searched in March 2023. In-vitro studies and publications involving any distortions and shrinkage to the additively manufactured (AMed) model after printing and post-processing were included. However, literature reviews, abstracts, publications in a language different from English, or publications not testing a dental model with an arch or dentition were excluded. The references cited in the studies included were also checked via Google Scholar to identify relevant published studies potentially missed.
RESULTS
The systematic search identified and screened 769 different studies after the removal of duplicates. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 30 relevant titles and abstracts were found, yielding six final selections after full-text screening. Four out of the six studies evaluated the effect of both storage and aging on the dimensional accuracy of AMed dental models. The other two studies assessed the dimensional accuracy after the fabrication of thermoformed and vacuum-formed appliances on the AMed dental model.
CONCLUSIONS
AMed models can be utilised as working models on the condition that specific printing parameters are followed and additional model design features are employed. No definitive conclusions can be drawn on standardised methods to assess the dimensional accuracy of AMed dental models after storage, aging and appliance fabrication. In addition, there is no consensus on specific storage periods for an AMed model. Majority of study designs removed the palatal region to create a horseshoe shaped model, making the results less applicable to a working model scenario requiring the palate for retention purposes. The parameters investigated on AMed models include storage, aging, and appliance fabrication through thermoforming and vacuum-forming. Printing densities of solid models and wall thickness of hollow models were shown to influence the accuracy of AMed models. Dimensional accuracy of AMed models have been shown to be affected during appliance fabrication through thermoforming and vacuum-forming in certain conditions.
SIGNIFICANCE
There is a clear need of standardisation when manufacturing AMed dental models for working model purposes. The current methods investigated in this study lack established protocols to accurately manufacture the AMed models, and effectively store and utilise an AMed dental model for fabrication of orthodontic and prosthodontic appliances.
PubMed: 37542769
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.106057 -
Brazilian Oral Research 2024This review aimed to assess the association between overweight/obesity and dental caries in Brazilian children/adolescents. Searches were performed in the Web of... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
This review aimed to assess the association between overweight/obesity and dental caries in Brazilian children/adolescents. Searches were performed in the Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane, PubMed, Embase and SciELO, Lilacs and Open Grey literature databases up to June 2022. The Joanna Briggs Institute checklist for analytical cross-sectional studies, the checklist for cohort studies, and the checklist for case-control studies were used. A total of 41 publications were included, and 15 meta-analyses were performed. The authors analyzed the differences in weighted mean difference (MD) and odds ratios (OR), and their corresponding confidence intervals (CI) (95%) for dental caries among eutrophic and obese and/or overweight children/adolescents. Meta-analyses showed that there was no association between overweight and/or obesity and dental caries in Brazilian children/adolescents for most anthropometric reference curves using BMI (Body Mass Index). A greater experience of dental caries was associated with well-nourished adolescents in permanent dentition, compared with obese individuals in the same dentition, as classified by the CDC 2000 curve (OR = 2.53, 95% CI;1.49-4.29; p = 0.0006; I2 = 0%) in dichotomous outcome studies, and (MD = 0.61, 95%CI: 0.08-1.15; p = 0.02; I2 = 0%) in continuous studies. The strength of the evidence of the results was classified as very low, low or moderate. It was concluded that there is no association between overweight and/or obesity and dental caries in Brazilian children/adolescents for most anthropometric reference curves using BMI. A greater experience of dental caries was associated with well-nourished adolescents in permanent dentition, compared with obese individuals in the same dentition, as classified by the CDC 2000 curve.
Topics: Child; Adolescent; Humans; Overweight; Brazil; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dental Caries; Obesity
PubMed: 38477801
DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2024.vol38.0015 -
Dentistry Journal Apr 2024This systematic review critically evaluates the association between serum Vitamin D levels and dental caries incidence in the permanent teeth of children and... (Review)
Review
This systematic review critically evaluates the association between serum Vitamin D levels and dental caries incidence in the permanent teeth of children and adolescents. The search strategy comprised three databases (PubMed, Scopus, Embase), up to November 2023, targeting studies on the correlation between Vitamin D and dental caries in permanent dentition. The eligibility criteria focused on observational studies involving children and adolescents aged 12 to 19 years with permanent dentition. The screening process, guided by the PRISMA guidelines and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for quality assessment, resulted in the inclusion of eight studies conducted across various global regions from 2013 to 2023. The analysis revealed that Vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency were prevalent among the study populations, ranging from 17.3% to 69.4%. Specifically, children and adolescents with Vitamin D insufficiency (<50 nmol/L) were found to have significantly higher odds of developing caries, with odds ratios (ORs) ranging from 1.13 to 2.57. Conversely, two studies indicated a protective effect of higher Vitamin D levels, with an OR of 0.80 and 0.59, respectively, for caries among children and adolescents with serum levels ≥ 50 nmol/L, suggesting an inverse relationship between Vitamin D status and caries risk. The results indicate both the protective role of adequate serum levels of Vitamin D above 20 ng/mL and the increased risk associated with insufficient levels below this threshold. However, the variations in study quality, methodologies and geographic settings underscore the challenges in drawing universal conclusions. Despite these limitations, our review suggests that improving Vitamin D status could be a beneficial component of preventive strategies against dental caries in children and adolescents, warranting further research to clarify the clinical significance of our findings.
PubMed: 38668029
DOI: 10.3390/dj12040117 -
Frontiers in Oral Health 2023Symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (SIP) or symptomatic apical periodontitis (SAP) are two painful conditions often warranting emergency treatment. The most common... (Review)
Review
Pain after emergency treatments of symptomatic irreversible pulpitis and symptomatic apical periodontitis in the permanent dentition: a systematic review of randomized clinical trials.
BACKGROUND
Symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (SIP) or symptomatic apical periodontitis (SAP) are two painful conditions often warranting emergency treatment. The most common emergency treatments supported by evidence are pulpotomy and pulpectomy and are normally performed under time-constrained circumstances. However, there is no strong evidence of which treatment suggested in literature a clinician can use to reduce endodontic pain effectively. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review is to investigate the present knowledge on postoperative pain related to the two types of emergency treatments available for treating SIP and SAP.
METHODS
Randomized controlled trials investigating postoperative pain after emergency treatments (pulpotomy and/or pulpectomy) on permanent dentition with signs and symptoms of SIP and/or SAP were searched in three major databases from 1978 until 2022. Risk of bias was assessed with Cochrane's tool.
RESULTS
Only five studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The included studies indicated that pulpotomy and pulpectomy are both suitable treatment options for SAP and SIP, as they provide sufficient alleviation of pain in permanent dentition. However, inconsistent results were found between the included trials on which emergency treatment is more effective in reducing pain. Cochrane's tool revealed that the studies had a low risk of bias. Limitations found in the design of the included randomized control trials decreased the level of evidence. None of the included studies accounted for essential confounding variables, such as factors affecting pain (including the psychological aspects). Moreover, possible non-odontogenic pain was not assessed, and therefore, it was not excluded; hence, affecting the internal validity of the studies.
CONCLUSION
There are controversies within the available randomized control trials on which treatment is most effective in reducing emergency pain. This could be due to some weaknesses in the design of the clinical trials. Thus, further well-designed studies are warranted to draw conclusions on which emergency treatment is more effective in reducing pain.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
PROSPERO (CRD42023422282).
PubMed: 37920592
DOI: 10.3389/froh.2023.1147884 -
Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society 2023Implant-supported prostheses have considerable biomechanical advantages in partially edentulous patients when compared to other prosthetic options. Given the steady drop... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Implant-supported prostheses have considerable biomechanical advantages in partially edentulous patients when compared to other prosthetic options. Given the steady drop in the frequency of patients reporting with complete edentulism, it is not unusual to see situations where teeth and implants can be splinted to provide support for fixed prostheses. A tooth implant prosthesis differs majorly from an implant-supported prosthesis in terms of force dissipation and design. The aim of this systematic review was to compare the survival rates of tooth-implant-supported prostheses with fully implant-supported and fully tooth-supported prostheses. Using the appropriate search terms, PubMed, Google Scholar, and other indexed journals were used to search the English-language literature. According to the review protocols and the PICOS inclusion criteria, the pertinent studies were chosen. The screening of appropriate studies, evaluation of study quality, and data extraction were carried out independently by two reviewers. The pooling of survival data by prostheses failure, implant failure, and marginal bone loss was used in the meta-analysis. The cumulative data of all included studies indicated that tooth-implant-supported prostheses showed a 5-year survival rate of 77%-84% and a 10-year survival rate of 72%. The pooled risk ratio for prostheses failure and implant failure was 0.99 and 1.76, respectively. These results were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The pooled standard mean difference for marginal bone loss was 0.59, and the results were statistically significant (P < 0.05). A tooth-implant-supported fixed partial denture (FPD) has a similar survival rate when compared to implant-supported FPD or T-FPD.
Topics: Humans; Dental Implants; Tooth; Dental Implantation; Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported
PubMed: 37861608
DOI: 10.4103/jips.jips_161_23 -
Clinical Oral Investigations Aug 2023To investigate the histomorphometric changes occurring in alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) based on the use of different plasma concentrates (PCs) in randomized... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVES
To investigate the histomorphometric changes occurring in alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) based on the use of different plasma concentrates (PCs) in randomized clinical trials (RCT). There is controversy whether the placement of PCs in ARP is effective in the formation of new bone.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A systematic review search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Database to answer the PICO question: In patients undergoing tooth extraction followed by ARP, do PCs alone in the post-extraction socket in comparison with spontaneous healing improve new vital bone formation percentage in histomorphometric analysis after more than 10 weeks? The risk of bias was assessed and a meta-analysis was conducted.
RESULTS
Of 3809 results, 8 studies were considered suitable for inclusion. A total of 255 teeth were extracted in 250 patients. Regarding the PCs used, ARP was performed with platelet- and leukocyte-rich fibrin (L-PRF) in 120 sockets, and with pure platelet-rich plasma (P-PRP) in 31 sockets and 104 sockets were controlled. PCs improved new bone formation in ARP with respect to the spontaneous healing group (SMD = 1.77, 95%C.I. = 1.47-2.06, p-value < 000.1). There were no differences between the different PCs (L-PRF and P-PRP).
CONCLUSION
The results of this meta-analysis support the efficacy of the use of PCs in new bone formation in ARP. With respect to the different types of PCs studied, no differences were observed.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
When planning implant surgery after tooth extraction, treatment with PCs should be considered for ARP. Any PC increases new bone formation compared to spontaneous healing.
Topics: Humans; Tooth Socket; Alveolar Process; Osteogenesis; Tooth; Platelet-Rich Plasma; Tooth Extraction; Fibrin; Alveolar Ridge Augmentation
PubMed: 37439800
DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05126-8 -
Evidence-based Dentistry Sep 2023Systematic review.
DESIGN
Systematic review.
REVIEW QUESTION
Does splinting of traumatised primary teeth improve clinical outcomes?
CASE SELECTION
Clinical studies published after 2003 reporting trauma (luxation, root fracture or alveolar fracture) to primary teeth, with a minimum follow-up of 6 months, were eligible for inclusion. Case reports were excluded, but case series were included. Studies reporting the outcome of splinting following avulsion injuries were excluded, as current guidance does not recommend re-implantation of teeth for these injuries.
DATA ANALYSIS
Two researchers independently assessed the risk of bias in the included studies, with a third researcher resolving any disagreements. The same two independent researchers conducted a quality assessment of the included studies.
RESULTS
Three retrospective studies met the inclusion criteria. Only one of these studies had a control group. High success rates were reported for the management of teeth with root fractures. A benefit for splinting teeth with lateral luxation was not identified. No alveolar fractures were included.
CONCLUSIONS
This review suggests that the outcome of the management of root fractures in primary teeth may benefit from flexible splinting. However, the evidence base is low.
Topics: Humans; Splints; Retrospective Studies; Tooth Root; Incisor; Tooth, Deciduous
PubMed: 37433924
DOI: 10.1038/s41432-023-00914-3 -
European Journal of Medical Research Jul 2023Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are adult stem cells with multi-directional differentiation potential derived from ectoderm. Vitro experiments have shown that adding... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are adult stem cells with multi-directional differentiation potential derived from ectoderm. Vitro experiments have shown that adding cytokines can help DPSCs to be transformed from multipotent stem cells to osteoblasts. TGF-β has been proved to have an effect on the proliferation and mineralization of bone tissue, but its effect on the osteogenesis and proliferation of dental pulp stem cells is still uncertain. We aim to determine the effect of TGF-β on the osteogenesis and proliferation of dental pulp stem cells.
METHODS
We have identified studies from the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, Embase, and China national knowledge infrastructure (CNKI) for studies interested in TGF-β and proliferation and differentiation of dental pulp stem cells in the following indicators: A490 (an index for evaluating cell proliferation), bone sialoprotein (BSP), Col plasmid-1 (Col-1), osteocalcin (OCN), runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx-2); and the number of mineralized nodules. Any language restrictions were rejected. Furthermore, we drew a forest plot for each outcome. We conducted a sensitivity analysis, data analysis, heterogeneity, and publication bias test. We evaluate the quality of each study under the guidance of Cochrane's tool for quality assessment.
RESULTS
The pooled data showed that TGF-β could promote the proliferation and ossification of dental pulp stem cells. All the included results support this conclusion except for the number of mineralized nodules: TGF-β increases the A490 index (SMD 3.11, 95% CI [0.54-5.69]), promotes the production of BSP (SMD 3.11, 95% CI [0.81-6.77]), promotes the expression of Col-1 (SMD 4.71, 95% CI [1.25-8.16]) and Runx-2 (SMD 3.37, 95% CI [- 0.63 to 7.36]), increases the content of OCN (SMD 4.32, 95% CI [1.20-7.44]) in dental pulp, and has no significant effect on the number of mineralized nodules (SMD 3.87, 95% CI [- 1.76 to 9.51]) in dental pulp stem cells.
CONCLUSIONS
TGF-β promotes the proliferation and osteogenesis of dental pulp stem cells.
Topics: Humans; Cell Differentiation; Cell Proliferation; Cells, Cultured; Dental Pulp; Osteogenesis; Stem Cells; Transforming Growth Factor beta
PubMed: 37501191
DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01227-y -
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2024Bitemark analysis involves the examination of both patterned injuries and contextual circumstances, combining morphological and positional data. Considering the... (Review)
Review
UNLABELLED
Bitemark analysis involves the examination of both patterned injuries and contextual circumstances, combining morphological and positional data. Considering the uniqueness of human dentition, bitemarks caused by teeth on skin or impressions on flexible surfaces could assist in human identification.
AIMS
to investigate the available literature systematically and evaluate the scientific evidence published over the past decade concerning the potential application of bitemark analysis in forensic identification.
METHODS
Two researchers meticulously searched electronic databases from January 2012 to December 2023, including Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. Adhering to the PRISMA statement guidelines, this review employed appropriate medical subject headings (MeSHs) and free-text synonyms. Strict inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied during article retrieval.
RESULTS
The findings yielded controversial outcomes. Approximately two-thirds of the articles concluded that bitemark analysis is useful in forensic identification, while the remaining articles did not report statistically significant outcomes and cautioned against relying solely on bitemark analysis for identification.
CONCLUSIONS
The authors assert that bitemark analysis can be a reliable and complementary method for forensic identification, contingent upon the establishment and adoption of a universally accepted global protocol for data collection, processing, and interpretation. Undoubtedly, recent years have witnessed a notable increase in research focused on bitemark identification, driven by the goal of achieving quantitative, objective, reproducible, and accurate results.
PubMed: 38893706
DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14111180 -
Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research Feb 2024When treating posterior crossbite, the primary goal is to achieve long-term crossbite correction. The majority of studies however focus on relapse of the increase in the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
When treating posterior crossbite, the primary goal is to achieve long-term crossbite correction. The majority of studies however focus on relapse of the increase in the transverse dimension, but not relapse of the crossbite itself, which is an essential outcome. The aim of the present study was to determine long-term stability (2 years minimum post-treatment) of posterior crossbite correction, treated in mixed or early permanent dentitions of growing children. Following registration in PROSPERO (CRD42022348858), an electronic literature search including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and a manual search were conducted up to January 2023, to identify longitudinal studies looking into the long-term stability of crossbite correction in growing children. Data extraction and risk of bias assessment were carried out, and subsequently, a random-effects meta-analyses models were used to calculate estimates for relapse of the crossbite and relapse at the transverse level. Twenty-two studies were included, of varying designs and quality, representing 1076 treated patients, with different expansion appliances and protocols. Meta-analysis results showed that 19.5% (95% CI: 15%; 25%) of patients present with relapse of posterior crossbite at long-term follow-up. At the transverse level, 19.3% of the total expansion (including overexpansion) relapsed (95% CI: 13%; 27%) regardless of whether there a was relapse of the crossbite itself. Data from existing studies, with a moderate level of evidence, indicate that the long-term stability of posterior crossbite correction in growing children is unfavourable in roughly 1 in 5 growing children, with crossbite relapse long-term. On average, 19% of the maxillary expansion performed (including overexpansion) relapses long-term, which may occur in cases with or without relapse of the crossbite.
Topics: Child; Humans; Dentition, Permanent; Malocclusion; Palatal Expansion Technique; Recurrence; Dentition, Mixed
PubMed: 38169092
DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12690