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Clinical and Experimental Medicine Mar 2024Investigating the role of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and their characteristics is still controversial in patients with gastric cancer (GC). Therefore, in this study,... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Investigating the role of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and their characteristics is still controversial in patients with gastric cancer (GC). Therefore, in this study, to provide a comprehensive review and meta-analyses of the literature on association of CTCs with gastric cancer, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and Medline were searched for systematic reviews and meta-analyses conducted during February 2022 using the keywords. Risk of bias, hazard ratios (HRs), and risk differences (RD) were assessed. Forty-five studies containing 3,342 GC patients from nine countries were assessed. The overall prevalence of CTC in GC was 69.37% (60.27, 77.78). The pooled result showed that increased mortality in GC patients was significantly associated with positive CTCs, poor overall survival (HR = 2.73, 95%CI 2.34-3.24, p < 0.001), and progression-free survival rate (HR = 2.78, 95%CI 2.01-3.85, p < 0.001). Subgroup analyses regarding markers, detection methods, treatment type, presence of distance metastasis, presence of lymph node metastasis, and overall risk of bias showed significant associations between the groups in terms of the incidence rates of CTCs, OS, and PFS. In addition, the results of risk differences based on sampling time showed that the use of the cell search method (RD: - 0.19, 95%CI (- 0.28, - 0.10), p < 0.001), epithelial marker (RD: - 0.12, 95%CI (- 0.25, 0.00), p 0.05) and mesenchymal markers (RD: - 0.35, 95%CI (- 0.57, - 0.13), p 0.002) before the treatment might have a higher diagnostic power to identify CTCs and also chemotherapy treatment (RD: - 0.17, 95%CI (- 0.31, - 0.03), p 0.016) could significantly reduce the number of CTCs after the treatment. We also found that the risk differences between the clinical early and advanced stages were not statistically significant (RD: - 0.10, 95%CI (- 0.23, 0.02), P 0.105). Also, in the Lauren classification, the incidence of CTC in the diffuse type (RD: - 0.19, 95%CI (- 0.37, - 0.01), P0.045) was higher than that in the intestinal type. Meta-regression analysis showed that baseline characteristics were not associated with the detection of CTCs in GC patients. According to our systematic review and meta-analysis, CTCs identification may be suggested as a diagnostic technique for gastric cancer screening, and the outcomes of CTC detection may also be utilized in the future to create personalized medicine programs.
Topics: Humans; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating; Prognosis; Stomach Neoplasms; Proportional Hazards Models; Lymphatic Metastasis; Biomarkers, Tumor
PubMed: 38554188
DOI: 10.1007/s10238-024-01310-6 -
International Journal of Molecular... Oct 2023Tissue engineering and cell therapy for regenerative medicine have great potential to treat chronic disorders. In musculoskeletal disorders, mesenchymal stromal cells... (Review)
Review
Tissue engineering and cell therapy for regenerative medicine have great potential to treat chronic disorders. In musculoskeletal disorders, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been identified as a relevant cell type in cell and regenerative strategies due to their multi-lineage potential, although this is likely to be a result of their trophic and immunomodulatory effects on other cells. This PRISMA systematic review aims to assess whether the age of the patient influences the chondrogenic potential of MSCs in regenerative therapy. We identified a total of 3027 studies after performing a search of four databases, including Cochrane, Web of Science, Medline, and PubMed. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 14 papers were identified that were reviewed, assessed, and reported. Cell surface characterization and proliferation, as well as the osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation, were investigated as part of the analysis of these studies. Most included studies suggest a clear link between aged donor MSCs and diminished clonogenic and proliferative potential. Our study reveals a heterogeneous and conflicting range of outcomes concerning the chondrogenic, osteogenic, and adipogenic potential of MSCs in relation to age. Further investigations on the in vitro effects of chronological age on the chondrogenic potential of MSCs should follow the outcomes of this systematic review, shedding more light on this complex relationship.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Cell Differentiation; Osteogenesis; Adipogenesis; Tissue Engineering; Cells, Cultured; Chondrogenesis
PubMed: 37895174
DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015494 -
EFORT Open Reviews Jul 2024The combination of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions is strongly recommended by current guidelines for knee osteoarthritis. However, few systematic...
PURPOSE
The combination of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions is strongly recommended by current guidelines for knee osteoarthritis. However, few systematic reviews have validated their combined efficacy. In this study, we investigated the effects of the combination of pharmacological agents and exercise on knee osteoarthritis.
METHODS
Randomized controlled trials that investigated the efficacy of pharmacological agents combined with exercise for knee osteoarthritis were searched in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library up to February 2024. The network meta-analysis was performed within the frequentist framework. Standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% CI was estimated for pain and function. Grading of recommendations, assessment, development, and evaluations were used to evaluate the certainty of evidence.
RESULTS
In total, 71 studies were included. The combination therapy outperformed pharmacological or exercise therapy alone. Among the various pharmacological agents combined with exercise, mesenchymal stem cell injection was ranked the best for short-term pain reduction (SMD: -1.53, 95% CI: -1.92 to -1.13, high certainty), followed by botulinum toxin A, dextrose, and platelet-rich plasma. For long-term pain relief, dextrose prolotherapy was the optimal (SMD: -1.76, 95% CI: -2.65 to -0.88, moderate certainty), followed by mesenchymal stem cells, platelet rich in growth factor, and platelet-rich plasma.
CONCLUSION
Exercise programs should be incorporated into clinical practice and trial design. For patients undergoing exercise therapies, mesenchymal stem cell, dextrose, platelet-rich plasma, platelet rich in growth factor, and botulinum toxin A may be the optimal agents.
PubMed: 38949167
DOI: 10.1530/EOR-23-0136 -
Cureus May 2024In exploring therapeutic options for ischemic heart disease (IHD) and heart failure, cell-based cardiac repair has gained prominence. This systematic review delves into... (Review)
Review
In exploring therapeutic options for ischemic heart disease (IHD) and heart failure, cell-based cardiac repair has gained prominence. This systematic review delves into the current state of knowledge surrounding cell-based therapies for cardiac repair. Employing a comprehensive search across relevant databases, the study identifies 35 included studies with diverse cell types and methodologies. Encouragingly, these findings reveal the promise of cell-based therapies in cardiac repair, demonstrating significant enhancements in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) across the studies. Mechanisms of action involve growth factors that stimulate angiogenesis, differentiation, and the survival of transplanted cells. Despite these positive outcomes, challenges persist, including low engraftment rates, limitations in cell differentiation, and variations in clinical reproducibility. The optimal dosage and frequency of cell administration remain subjects of debate, with potential benefits from repeated dosing. Additionally, the choice between autologous and allogeneic stem cell transplantation poses a critical decision. This systematic review underscores the potential of cell-based therapies for cardiac repair, bearing implications for innovative treatments in heart diseases. However, further research is imperative to optimize cell type selection, delivery techniques, and long-term efficacy, fostering a more comprehensive understanding of cell-based cardiac repair.
PubMed: 38832190
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.59474 -
Journal of ISAKOS : Joint Disorders &... Jun 2024Orthobiologics has seen a renaissance over the last decade as an adjunct therapy during osteotomy due to the limited inherent regenerative potential of damaged... (Review)
Review
IMPORTANCE
Orthobiologics has seen a renaissance over the last decade as an adjunct therapy during osteotomy due to the limited inherent regenerative potential of damaged intraarticular tissues.
AIM OR OBJECTIVE
This systematic review aims to present the latest evidence regarding using orthobiologics with simultaneous high tibial osteotomy (HTO) for knee osteoarthritis. The results of this study may guide surgeons to improve their clinical results and clear the air regarding confusion over whether or not to add orthobiologics to HTO in clinical practice backed by scientific evidence.
EVIDENCE REVIEW
According to PRISMA guidelines a systematic search for relevant literature was performed in the PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases of all studies published in English from January 1990 to May 2023. The following search terms were entered into the title, abstract, and keyword fields: "knee" or "osteotomy" AND "valgus" or "varus" AND "regenerative medicine" or "PRP" or "mesenchymal stem cells" or "stem cells" or "BMAC" or "bone marrow" or "growth factors" or "umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cell" or "stromal vascular fraction". The AMSTAR-2 checklist was used to confirm the quality of the systematic review. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs), prospective and retrospective comparative cohort studies, case-control studies, and case series were included. Studies that reported clinical outcomes in patients treated with knee osteotomy for varus/valgus knee with concomitant adjunction of regenerative treatment [Platelet-rich plasma (PRP), Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC), Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived (HUCBD), Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSC), bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC), stromal vascular fraction (SVF)] were included. The outcome measures extracted from the studies were the KOOS score, Lysholm score, Subjective IKDC, WOMAC Score, KSS, Tegner, HSS, radiographic tibiofemoral angle, posterior tibial slope and complications. The current systematic review is registered in the PROSPERO Registry (CRD42023439379).
FINDINGS
Osteotomy for unicompartmental arthritis with adjunction of orthobiologics such as PRP, ADSC, HUCBD, MSC, BMAC, and SVF presents a consistent statistically significant clinical improvement compared to preoperative scores regardless of the treatment modality used and there were no notable complications associated with the use of these novel agents.
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE
Orthobiologics and knee osteotomies could improve outcomes in patients with knee osteoarthritis desiring Knee preservation surgeries. However, only a few studies are available on the topic to conclude anything with certainty, the patients included in the studies could not be disintegrated based on the grade of osteoarthritis (OA), type, dosage and frequency of administration of orthobiologic and type of additional surgical procedures used. Therefore, better-structured RCTs are required to implement this finding into routine Orthopaedic practice.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Level 4.
PubMed: 38851324
DOI: 10.1016/j.jisako.2024.06.001 -
Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters Jan 2024Burn injuries can be associated with prolonged healing, infection, a substantial inflammatory response, extensive scarring, and eventually death. In recent decades, both...
BACKGROUND
Burn injuries can be associated with prolonged healing, infection, a substantial inflammatory response, extensive scarring, and eventually death. In recent decades, both the mortality rates and long-term survival of severe burn victims have improved significantly, and burn care research has increasingly focused on a better quality of life post-trauma. However, delayed healing, infection, pain and extensive scar formation remain a major challenge in the treatment of burns. ADSCs, a distinct type of mesenchymal stem cells, have been shown to improve the healing process. The aim of this review is to evaluate the efficacy of ADSCs in the treatment of burn injuries.
METHODS
A systematic review of the literature was conducted using the electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science and Embase. The basic research question was formulated with the PICO framework, whereby the usage of ADSCs in the treatment of burns in vivo was determined as the fundamental inclusion criterion. Additionally, pertinent journals focusing on burns and their treatment were screened manually for eligible studies. The review was registered in PROSPERO and reported according to the PRISMA statement.
RESULTS
Of the 599 publications screened, 21 were considered relevant to the key question and were included in the present review. The included studies were almost all conducted on rodents, with one exception, where pigs were investigated. 13 of the studies examined the treatment of full-thickness and eight of deep partial-thickness burn injuries. 57,1 percent of the relevant studies have demonstrated that ADSCs exhibit immunomodulatory effects during the inflammatory response. 16 studies have shown improved neovascularisation with the use of ADSCs. 14 studies report positive influences of ADSCs on granulation tissue formation, while 11 studies highlight their efficacy in promoting re-epithelialisation. 11 trials demonstrated an improvement in outcomes during the remodelling phase.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, it appears that adipose-derived stem cells demonstrate remarkable efficacy in the field of regenerative medicine. However, the usage of ADSCs in the treatment of burns is still at an early experimental stage, and further investigations are required in order to examine the potential usage of ADSCs in future clinical burn care.
Topics: Animals; Adipocytes; Burns; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Quality of Life; Swine; Wound Healing
PubMed: 38182971
DOI: 10.1186/s11658-023-00526-w -
Musculoskeletal Surgery Mar 2024The purpose of this systematic review was to analyze the current use of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) and present the available evidence on their... (Review)
Review
The purpose of this systematic review was to analyze the current use of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) and present the available evidence on their therapeutic potential in the treatment of ankle orthopedic issues, evaluating the applications and results. A literature search of PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE and Cochrane Library database was performed. The review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Risk of bias assessment was conducted through the Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies (MINORS) criteria. Initial search results yielded 4348 articles. A total of 8 articles were included in the review process. No clinical evidence has demonstrated the effectiveness of one isolation method over the other, but nonenzymatic mechanical method has more advantages. In all studies included significant clinical outcomes improvement were recorded in patients affected by osteochondral lesion and osteoarthritis of ankle. All studies performed a concomitant procedure. No serious complications were reported. ADMSC injection, especially through the nonenzymatic mechanical methods, looks to be simple and promising treatment for osteochondral lesions and osteoarthritis of the ankle, with no severe complications. The current scarcity of studies and their low-quality level preclude definitive conclusions presently. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III.
Topics: Humans; Ankle; Ankle Joint; Osteoarthritis; Stem Cells; Treatment Outcome; Talus
PubMed: 37943411
DOI: 10.1007/s12306-023-00798-7 -
European Journal of Dentistry Nov 2023Recent evidence suggests the immense potential of human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) secretome conditioned medium-mediated augmentation of angiogenesis. However,...
Recent evidence suggests the immense potential of human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) secretome conditioned medium-mediated augmentation of angiogenesis. However, angiogenesis potential varies from source and origin. The hMSCs derived from the oral cavity share an exceptional quality due to their origin from a hypoxic environment. Our systematic review aimed to compare the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from various oral cavity sources and cell-derived secretomes, and evaluate their angiogenic potential. A literature search was conducted using PubMed and Scopus from January 2000 to September 2020. Source-wise outcomes were systematically analyzed using , , and studies, emphasizing endothelial cell migration, tube formation, and blood vessel formation. Ninety-four studies were included in the systematic review, out of which 4 studies were subsequently included in the meta-analysis. Prominent growth factors and other bioactive components implicated in improving angiogenesis were included in the respective studies. The findings suggest that oral tissues are a rich source of hMSCs. The meta-analysis revealed a positive correlation between dental pulp-derived MSCs (DPMSCs) and stem cells derived from apical papilla (SCAP) compared to human umbilical cord-derived endothelial cell lines as a control. It shows a statistically significant positive correlation between the co-culture of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and DPMSCs with tubule length formation and total branching points. Our meta-analysis revealed that oral-derived MSCs (dental pulp stem cells and SCAP) carry a better angiogenic potential than endothelial cell lines alone. The reviewed literature illustrates that oral cavity-derived MSCs (OC-MSCs) increased angiogenesis. The present literature reveals a dearth of investigations involving sources other than dental pulp. Even though OC-MSCs have revealed more significant potential than other MSCs, more comprehensive, target-oriented interinstitutional prospective studies are warranted to determine whether oral cavity-derived stem cells are the most excellent sources of significant angiogenic potential.
PubMed: 37995732
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1776315 -
Journal of Nanobiotechnology Apr 2024Rare earth nanomaterials (RE NMs), which are based on rare earth elements, have emerged as remarkable biomaterials for use in bone regeneration. The effects of RE NMs on... (Review)
Review
Rare earth nanomaterials (RE NMs), which are based on rare earth elements, have emerged as remarkable biomaterials for use in bone regeneration. The effects of RE NMs on osteogenesis, such as promoting the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells, have been investigated. However, the contributions of the properties of RE NMs to bone regeneration and their interactions with various cell types during osteogenesis have not been reviewed. Here, we review the crucial roles of the physicochemical and biological properties of RE NMs and focus on their osteogenic mechanisms. RE NMs directly promote the proliferation, adhesion, migration, and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. They also increase collagen secretion and mineralization to accelerate osteogenesis. Furthermore, RE NMs inhibit osteoclast formation and regulate the immune environment by modulating macrophages and promote angiogenesis by inducing hypoxia in endothelial cells. These effects create a microenvironment that is conducive to bone formation. This review will help researchers overcome current limitations to take full advantage of the osteogenic benefits of RE NMs and will suggest a potential approach for further osteogenesis research.
Topics: Osteogenesis; Endothelial Cells; Bone Regeneration; Osteoclasts; Nanostructures; Cell Differentiation
PubMed: 38627717
DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02442-3 -
Frontiers in Oncology 2023Mesenchymal-epidermal transition factor gene amplification (amp) is being investigated as a therapeutic target in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We...
INTRODUCTION
Mesenchymal-epidermal transition factor gene amplification (amp) is being investigated as a therapeutic target in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We reviewed the epidemiology and disease characteristics associated with primary and secondary amp, as well as the testing procedures used to identify amp, in advanced NSCLC. Economic and humanistic burdens, and the practice patterns and treatments under investigation for amp were also examined.
METHODS
Embase and Medline (via ProQuest), ClinicalTrials.gov, and Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials (2015-2022) were systematically searched. Conference abstracts were searched via Embase and conference proceedings websites (2020-2022). The review focused on evidence from the United States; global evidence was included for identified evidence gaps.
RESULTS
The median rate of primary amp in NSCLC across the references was 4.8% (n=4 studies) and of secondary amp (epidermal growth factor receptor []-mutant NSCLC) was 15% (n=10). Next-generation sequencing (NGS; n=12) and/or fluorescence hybridization (FISH; n=11) were most frequently used in real-world studies and FISH testing most frequently used in clinical trials (n=9/10). amp definitions varied among clinical trials using ISH/FISH testing (MET to chromosome 7 centromere ratio of ≥1.8 to ≥3.0; or gene copy number [GCN] ≥5 to ≥10) and among trials using NGS (tissue testing: GCN ≥6; liquid biopsy: copy number ≥2.1 to >5). Limited to no data were identified on the economic and humanistic burdens, and real-world treatment of amp NSCLC. Promising preliminary results from trials enrolling patients with -mutated, amp advanced NSCLC progressing on an EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) were observed with MET-TKIs (i.e., tepotinib, savolitinib, and capmatinib) in combination with EGFR-TKIs (i.e., gefitinib and osimertinib). For metastatic NSCLC and high-level amp, monotherapy with capmatinib, crizotinib, and tepotinib are recommended in the 2022 published NSCLC NCCN Guidelines.
CONCLUSION
Primary amp occurs in approximately 5% of NSCLC cases, and secondary amp in approximately 15% of cases previously treated with an EGFR inhibitor. Variability in testing methods (including ISH/FISH and NGS) and definitions were observed. Several treatments are promising in treating amp NSCLC. Additional studies evaluating the clinical, economic, and humanistic burdens are needed.
PubMed: 38273845
DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1241402