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Scientific Reports Jan 2024This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the magnitude of the effect of combined exercise training on glucose metabolism markers, adipokines, and... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the magnitude of the effect of combined exercise training on glucose metabolism markers, adipokines, and inflammatory cytokines in non-diabetic sedentary adults. PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library electronic databases and reference lists of included studies were explored for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that included physically inactive adults and provided combined training interventions (aerobic plus resistance exercise). Effects on fasting glucose and insulin, Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), HbA1c, adiponectin, leptin, IL-6, TNF-α, and C-reactive protein (CRP) in exercise vs control groups were analyzed using random effects meta-analysis. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for Randomized Trials 2.0 (RoB 2) was used to assess the risk of bias. A total of 24 RCTs were included in the quantitative analysis. Combined exercise training significantly decrease fasting glucose (standardized mean difference, SMD: - 0.474, 95% CI [- 0.829, - 0.120], p = 0.009, 35 study arms), fasting insulin (SMD: - 1.024, 95% CI [- 1.502, - 0.545], p < 0.001, 27 study arms), HOMA-IR (SMD: - 0.946, 95% CI [- 1.450, - 0.442], p < 0.001, 23 study arms), TNF-α (SMD: - 0.972, 95% CI [- 1.361, - 0.582], p < 0.001, 10 study arms), and CRP (SMD: - 0.507, 95% CI [- 0.818, - 0.196], p = 0.001, 14 study arms). No significant effects were observed for HbA1c, adiponectin, leptin, and IL-6 levels. Random effects meta-regression models by age, sex, and intervention length were not able to explain any of the variation in the effect size of HOMA-IR. Findings from this systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that combined exercise training improves some glucose metabolism markers and inflammatory parameters in sedentary adults without diabetes.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Adiponectin; Glycated Hemoglobin; Interleukin-6; Leptin; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Insulin; C-Reactive Protein; Exercise; Glucose
PubMed: 38253590
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51832-y -
Psychoneuroendocrinology Dec 2023The underlying psychobiology that contributes to Anorexia Nervosa (AN) onset and disease progression remains unclear. New research is emerging suggesting a possible link...
INTRODUCTION
The underlying psychobiology that contributes to Anorexia Nervosa (AN) onset and disease progression remains unclear. New research is emerging suggesting a possible link between inflammation and a variety of mental illnesses. Alterations of cytokines may play a role in the pathogenesis of AN. Some studies have found differences in the cytokine profile of those with AN compared to healthy controls, but results are heterogeneous. The aim of this work was to systematically review existing studies investigating in-vivo cytokine production in those with AN before and after weight restoration compared to controls.
METHODS
A comprehensive literature search of four electronic databases (PubMed, PsychInfo, EMBASE and CINAH) was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines to identify human in-vivo studies investigating the relationship between AN and cytokine production. Data extracted from included studies related to population characteristics (e.g. age, gender, mean mBMI/%IBW), cytokine measurement and relevant findings. Confounding factors (e.g. smoking status, co-morbid mental illness, menstruation status) were also collected.
RESULTS
36 studies were eligible for this systematic review of which the majority were conducted in Europe (77.8%) and involved female subjects (97.2%). Those with AN ranged in age from 13 to 47 years and had an illness duration of 3 months to 24 years. 15 candidate cytokines and 3 receptors were identified (TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-1B, CRP, IL-2, IL-7, IL-10, IFN-γ, TNF-R2, IL-1 α, IL-15, TNF-R1, IL-17, IL-18, TGF-B1, IL-12, IL-6R and TGF-B2) exploring in-vivo levels in patients with AN and comparing to controls. TNF-alpha and IL-6 were the most extensively studied with IL-6 being significantly elevated in 4 out of 8 (50%) of longitudinal studies when comparing AN patients at baseline compared to post weight restoration. Following weight restoration, there was no difference in IL-6 levels when comparing to HC in 7 of 8 (87.5%) longitudinal studies examined.
CONCLUSIONS
The most promising cytokine potentially involved in the pathogenesis of AN appears to be IL-6, and possibly TNF-alpha pathways. The heterogeneity of clinical and methodology factors impedes the generalizability of results. Future studies may wish to address these methodological shortcomings as alterations in cytokine levels in AN could act as therapeutic targets assisting with weight restoration and psychopathology and may offer diagnostic potential.
Topics: Humans; Female; Adolescent; Young Adult; Adult; Middle Aged; Anorexia Nervosa; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Interleukin-6; Cytokines; Longitudinal Studies
PubMed: 37769539
DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106390 -
Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology Jan 2024The approval of TNF-a inhibitors (TNFi) was a breakthrough in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Although also effective in psoriasis, drug-related adverse... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
The approval of TNF-a inhibitors (TNFi) was a breakthrough in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Although also effective in psoriasis, drug-related adverse events of onset of psoriasiform skin lesions - paradoxical psoriasis (PP) under TNFi have been reported.
METHODS
We performed an electronic data search in MEDLINE via Pubmed and Cochrane library scientific databases from inception to January 2023, following the PRISMA guidelines. We assessed the distinct characteristics and frequency of risks for PP appearance in AS patients treated with different TNFi.
RESULTS
PP was found in 0.5-1% of TNFi-treated AS patients and the latency period was 2-11 months. The safest TNFi in terms of PP induction was certolizumab, whereas the one most commonly associated with PP was infliximab.
CONCLUSIONS
PP is an uncommon adverse reaction to TNFi treatment in AS patients and responds well to drug withdrawal. More large data studies need to be conducted though, to shed light on PP nature and management.
Topics: Humans; Spondylitis, Ankylosing; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors; Infliximab; Psoriasis; Adalimumab
PubMed: 37812484
DOI: 10.55563/clinexprheumatol/rq4k3u -
Biomolecules Jul 2023Flavonoids are a diverse group of plant-derived compounds that have been shown to have various health benefits, including anti-inflammatory effects. However, their use... (Review)
Review
Flavonoids are a diverse group of plant-derived compounds that have been shown to have various health benefits, including anti-inflammatory effects. However, their use in the treatment of inflammatory diseases has been limited due to their low bioavailability. The nanoparticle-mediated delivery of flavonoids has been proposed as a potential solution to this issue, as it allows the sustained release of the flavonoids over time. There are several different nanoparticle systems that have been developed for flavonoid delivery, including polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, and inorganic nanoparticles. This systematic review aims to evaluate the impact of nanoparticle-mediated delivery of flavonoids on pro-inflammatory cytokine production in various diseases. We analyzed the performance of flavonoid-encapsulated nanoparticles in regulating cytokine production in different in vitro and in vivo studies. To this end, we followed the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) to conduct a comprehensive search of the literature and to assess the quality of the included studies. The results showed that flavonoid-encapsulated nanoparticles significantly downregulated pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-18. In some cases, this effect was significantly greater than that observed with non-encapsulated flavonoids These findings suggest that nanoparticle-mediated delivery of flavonoids may have potential as a therapeutic approach for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
Topics: Flavonoids; Cytokines; Nanoparticles; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Liposomes
PubMed: 37509193
DOI: 10.3390/biom13071158 -
European Review For Medical and... May 2024Periimplantitis (PI) is a complex multifactorial chronic disease caused by interactions between bacteria, host immune-inflammatory responses, and genetic or... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
Periimplantitis (PI) is a complex multifactorial chronic disease caused by interactions between bacteria, host immune-inflammatory responses, and genetic or environmental factors that modify buccal eutrophism. In daily clinical practice, an increase in the prevalence of PI (8%) determined the need to establish the PI causes and set optimal therapeutic strategies. The interleukin family (IL-1), a group of cytokines, triggers and perpetuates peri-implantitis. Therefore, they could be used as biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment. This systematic review aimed to analyze the correlation between IL-1 allelic polymorphism (IL-1A -889, IL-1β -511, IL-1β +3954) and the PI disease.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Selected databases were PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library. The search strategy included the following terms: "dental implants"; "periimplantitis"; "interleukin-IL-1"; "polymorphism"; "perimplant bone loss". Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. A meta-analysis was conducted on five of 40 review articles. p-values, confidence intervals (CI), and Odds ratios (OR) were assessed. In 4 articles, the p-value was lower than 0.05, confirming the statistical significance of the result.
RESULTS
The prevalence of the selected studies reported the existence of a causal association between polymorphisms of IL-1 and the onset of peri-implantitis, especially for IL-1 allelic variants associated with further polymorphic genes encoding for IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-8, IL-1Na, IL-8, IL-18, osteopontin (OPN). In addition, the presence of the IL-1 polymorphism and PI is particularly higher in smokers, diabetes, and autoimmune disease patients.
CONCLUSIONS
The detection of salivary biomarkers is, therefore, a diagnostic tool with a high potential to intercept the PI early and act with appropriate and non-invasive treatment. Due to the continued technological innovation in biomarkers and diagnostic sciences, further studies are needed to investigate the role of these biochemical mediators. The results of studies and the recent technological innovation in biomarkers and diagnostic sciences will allow further research to investigate the role of these biochemical mediators.
Topics: Humans; Peri-Implantitis; Polymorphism, Genetic; Interleukin-1; Dental Implants
PubMed: 38856132
DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202405_36293 -
The Journal of Dermatological Treatment Dec 2023The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the efficacies of different biologic therapies in treating tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα)-induced...
OBJECTIVES
The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the efficacies of different biologic therapies in treating tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα)-induced paradoxical psoriasis (PXP) and controlling inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) symptoms.
METHODS
We conducted a literature search of the Ovid EMBASE, Ovid Medline, Web of Science Core Collection, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases from their inception to October 3, 2021. We considered all peer-reviewed, randomized controlled trials, chart reviews, and observational studies that discussed the TNFα-induced PXP treatment outcomes in IBD patients of switching to different biologic therapies.
RESULTS
Switching to ustekinumab (UST) resulted in complete or partial resolution of TNFα-induced PXP in 83.1% of patients (74 out of 89 patients), while switching to either vedolizumab (VDZ) or secukinumab led to complete resolution in 100% of patients (eight out of eight patients). Approximately 75.4% of patients who were switched to UST remained in IBD remission, 4.6% in partial remission, and 20.0% in the flare of IBD.
CONCLUSIONS
UST has sufficient data to demonstrate the efficacy in treating TNFα-induced PXP and controlling IBD symptoms concurrently. More data is needed to validate the efficacies of VDZ and SEC in treating TNFα-induced PXP in IBD patients.
Topics: Humans; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Psoriasis; Ustekinumab; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 36205507
DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2022.2133533 -
International Journal of Molecular... May 2024Sport injuries, including the anterior crucial ligament rupture (ACLR) seem to be related to complex genetic backgrounds, including the genes responsible for... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Sport injuries, including the anterior crucial ligament rupture (ACLR) seem to be related to complex genetic backgrounds, including the genes responsible for inflammatory response. This review and meta-analysis investigated the contribution of the polymorphisms of genes encoding inflammatory cytokines and their receptors to the risk of ACLR. The scientific databases Science Direct, EBSCO host, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar were screened (completed on 14 June 2023) according to the established inclusion/exclusion criteria (only fully accessible, original, human case-control studies written in English concerning the effect of interleukin genes' polymorphisms on the occurrence of ACL injury were included) and statistical meta-analysis using R version 4.0.3 was performed. The PRISMA methodology was used to review articles. The review protocol was registered under the number CRD42024514316 in the Prospero database. Eighty-nine studies were identified and narrowed down to three original case-control studies used for the meta-analysis. The studies analyzed Polish, South African, and Swedish cohorts, altogether 1282 participants. The candidate polymorphisms indicated in the studies involved IL6 rs1800795, IL6R rs2228145 and IL1B rs16944. The systematic review showed the relationships between IL6 rs1800795 polymorphism and ACLR in the Polish subpopulation, and IL6R rs2228145 and IL1B rs16944 in the South African subpopulations. The meta-analysis revealed that the IL6 rs1800795 CG genotype was over-represented (OR = 1.30, 95% CI 1.02-1.66), while the CC genotype was under-represented (OR = 0.75, 95% CI 0.54-1.03) in ACLR subjects, but no significant impact of IL6R rs2228145 was shown. Additionally, a tendency of the IL1B rs16944 CT genotype to be protective (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.70-1.14), while the TT to be a risk genotype (OR 1.19, 95% CI 0.84-1.68) was observed. Thus, the relationship between the interleukin receptor IL6R rs2228145 and ACLR risk was not confirmed. However, the impact of genes coding pleiotropic IL6 rs1800795 on the incidences of ACLR was clear and the effect of pro-inflammatory IL1B rs16944 was possible.
Topics: Humans; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-1beta; Receptors, Interleukin-6; Interleukins; Risk Factors; Case-Control Studies
PubMed: 38732195
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094976 -
Annals of Medicine Dec 2023Determining tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors (anti-TNF-α) failure is still a challenge in the management of moderate-to-severe psoriasis. Thus, our comprehensive...
BACKGROUND
Determining tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors (anti-TNF-α) failure is still a challenge in the management of moderate-to-severe psoriasis. Thus, our comprehensive systematic literature review aimed to gather information on the criteria used to define anti-TNF-α failure. We also aimed to discover the main reasons for anti-TNF-α failure and define subsequently administered treatments.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We conducted a systematic review following review and reporting guidelines (Cochrane and PRISMA). International (Medline/PubMed and Cochrane Library) and Spanish databases (MEDES, IBECS), and gray literature were consulted to identify publications issued until April 2021 in English or Spanish.
RESULTS
Our search yielded 58 publications. Of these, 37 (63.8%) described the criteria used to define anti-TNF-α primary or secondary failure. Criteria varied across studies, although around 60% considered Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI)-50 criteria. Nineteen (32.8%) reported the reasons for treatment failure, including the lack or loss of efficacy and safety-related problems, mainly infections. Finally, 29 (50%) publications outlined the treatments administered after anti-TNF-α: 62.5% reported a switch to another anti-TNF-α and 37.5% to interleukin (IL)-inhibitors.
UNLABELLED
Our findings suggest a need to standardize the management of anti-TNF-α failure and reflect the incorporation of new targets, such as IL-inhibitors, in the treatment sequence.KEY MESSAGESIn the treatment of psoriasis, the primary and secondary anti-TNF-α failure criteria differ widely in the scientific literature.The strictest efficacy criteria for defining anti-TNF-α failure, or those recommended by guidelines such as PASI75, were underused both in clinical trials and observational studies.Most studies failed to consider patient-reported outcomes in assessing psoriasis treatment efficacy, which contrasts with recent recommendations on the inclusion of patient-reported HRQoL as a supporting criterion when considering clinical outcomes.
Topics: Humans; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors; Psoriasis; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 37014135
DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2192957 -
Medicina Oral, Patologia Oral Y Cirugia... Sep 2023Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is gradually increasing its incidence in our society. Unfortunately, this entity is diagnosed at an advanced stage in most patients,... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is gradually increasing its incidence in our society. Unfortunately, this entity is diagnosed at an advanced stage in most patients, a fact that implies greater difficulty in its treatment and a worse prognosis. This systematic review aims to assess whether the cytokines IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α are potential salivary biomarkers that allow early diagnosis of cancer.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
An electronic search was performed in three databases (Pubmed, Scopus and Web of Science). We used the following keywords: "salivary cytokines", "saliva cytokines", "salivary interleukins", "biomarkers", "oral squamous cell carcinoma" and "diagnosis", combined with the Boolean operators "AND" and "OR".
RESULTS
128 publications were found and finally 23 articles were included in the review and 15 in the meta-analysis. It has been observed that the majority of OSCC patients express higher salivary concentrations of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α compared to the control (CL) and premalignant lesion (OPML) groups. It has also been observed that the different premalignant lesions do not have statistically significant differences in the salivary concentration of the cytokines, and on the other hand, differences have been observed between the different TNM stages. The meta-analysis has shown that the difference in concentration of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α is statistically significant between the CL group and the OSCC, and also between the CL group and OPML.
CONCLUSIONS
There is sufficient evidence to affirm that IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α are useful salivary cytokines in the early diagnosis and prognosis of OSCC. Although future studies are necessary to establish greater reliability of these biomarkers and thus be able to develop a valid diagnostic test.
Topics: Humans; Cytokines; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Reproducibility of Results; Biomarkers, Tumor; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Mouth Neoplasms; Prognosis; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Saliva
PubMed: 37099710
DOI: 10.4317/medoral.25889 -
Journal of Affective Disorders Jul 2024Exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) confers a higher risk of developing depression in adulthood, yet the mediation of inflammation remains under debate. To... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) confers a higher risk of developing depression in adulthood, yet the mediation of inflammation remains under debate. To test this model, we conducted a systematic review and two-stage structural equation modelling meta-analysis of studies reporting correlations between ACEs before age 18, inflammatory markers and depression severity in adulthood. Scopus, Pubmed, Medline, PsycInfo, and CINAHL were searched up to 2 October 2023. Twenty-two studies reporting data on C-reactive protein (CRP, n = 12,935), interleukin-6 (IL-6, n = 4108), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α, n = 2256) and composite measures of inflammation (n = 1674) were included. Unadjusted models revealed that CRP (β = 0.003, 95 % LBCI 0.0002 to 0.0068), IL-6 (β = 0.003, 95 % LBCI 0.001 to 0.006), and composite inflammation (β = 0.009, 95 % LBCI 0.004 to 0.018) significantly mediated the association between ACEs and adult depression. The mediation effects no longer survived after adjusting for BMI; however, a serial mediation model revealed that BMI and IL-6 sequentially mediated the association between ACEs and depression (β = 0.002, 95 % LBCI 0.0005 to 0.0046), accounting for 14.59 % and 9.94 % of the variance of IL-6 and depressive symptoms, respectively. Due to the cross-sectional nature of assessment of inflammation and depression findings should be approached with caution; however, results suggest that complex interactions of psychoneuroimmunological and metabolic factors underlie the association between ACEs and adulthood depression.
Topics: Humans; Adverse Childhood Experiences; Inflammation; Interleukin-6; Adult; Depression; C-Reactive Protein; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Latent Class Analysis; Female; Male
PubMed: 38677656
DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.04.072