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International Journal of Environmental... Oct 2023The work environment plays a crucial role in the health and performance of employees. The growing interest in workers' well-being has driven the inclusion of nature in... (Review)
Review
The work environment plays a crucial role in the health and performance of employees. The growing interest in workers' well-being has driven the inclusion of nature in workplaces, despite many employees spending most of their time indoors, away from nature. Studies show that biophilic design in offices can have positive effects and promote workers' well-being. However, research on the beneficial effects of nature exposure in the workplace is limited and scattered. Thus, the aim of this systematic review was to consolidate current knowledge on the restorative effects of nature exposure on workers during work activities. Different types of exposure, both outdoors and indoors, were considered, with a focus on outcomes related to well-being, motivation, job satisfaction, and work performance. Out of the initially identified 1225 articles, only 16 met the criteria for analysis. Although the analysed studies provided compelling evidence regarding the restorative effects of nature exposure in the workplace, the review also points out gaps and limitations concerning the number of specific studies in this area and the need to adequately assess the sensory dimensions involved in these effects. Conducting more comprehensive and multidimensional investigations into the impacts of nature on the work environment could contribute to guiding more effective design strategies and creating healthier and more productive workplaces for employees.
Topics: Humans; Workplace; Work Performance; Job Satisfaction; Motivation
PubMed: 37947544
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20216986 -
Trauma, Violence & Abuse Oct 2023Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is widely recognized as a severe public health issue. Perpetrators' Intervention Programs (PIPs) have been essential to prevent... (Review)
Review
Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is widely recognized as a severe public health issue. Perpetrators' Intervention Programs (PIPs) have been essential to prevent recidivism, and the incorporation of Motivational Interview Techniques (MIT) has shown to be an added value in this area. The present systematic review aims to analyze the incorporation of MIT (i.e., pre-treatment, isolated treatment, and conjoined with PIPs) in interventions with IPV perpetrators and its potential impact on their behavior and attitudes regarding motivation for change and treatment compliance. The following research equation was used: "Intimate Partner Violence" AND ("Perpetrator" OR "Batterer" OR "Offender") AND ("Motivation" OR "Motivational Interview") AND ("Intervention" OR "Intervention Program" OR "Batterer Intervention Program") AND ("Effectiveness OR "Program Effectiveness"); in four separate databases: PubMed, PsycINFO, Science Direct, and EBSCO. Studies in English, Portuguese, and Spanish were included, and 15 were identified according to the defined inclusion criteria. Studies demonstrated that MIT increases attendance rates, treatment adherence, motivation for change, and behavioral and attitudinal outcomes. More specifically, MIT showed greater effectiveness among participants with low readiness to change and in the early stages of change. This systematic review corroborates the importance of incorporating MIT in PIPs to improve intervention efficacy.
Topics: Humans; Intimate Partner Violence; Behavior Therapy; Criminals; Recidivism; Attitude
PubMed: 35793513
DOI: 10.1177/15248380221111472 -
Supportive Care in Cancer : Official... Jul 2023Physical activity can improve health outcomes for cancer patients; however, only 30% of patients are physically active. This review explored barriers to and facilitators... (Review)
Review
Barriers to and facilitators of physical activity in adults living with and beyond cancer, with special emphasis on head and neck cancer: a systematic review of qualitative and mixed methods studies.
PURPOSE
Physical activity can improve health outcomes for cancer patients; however, only 30% of patients are physically active. This review explored barriers to and facilitators of physical activity promotion and participation in patients living with and beyond cancer. Secondary aims were to (1) explore similarities and differences in barriers and facilitators experienced in head and neck cancer versus other cancers, and (2) identify how many studies considered the influence of socioeconomic characteristics on physical activity behaviour.
METHODS
CINAHL Plus, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Scopus and Cochrane (CDSR) were searched for qualitative and mixed methods evidence. Quality assessment was conducted using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool and a Critical Appraisal Skills Programme Tool. Thematic synthesis and frequency of reporting were conducted, and results were structured using the Capability-Opportunity-Motivation-Behaviour model and Theoretical Domains Framework.
RESULTS
Thirty qualitative and six mixed methods studies were included. Socioeconomic characteristics were not frequently assessed across the included studies. Barriers included side effects and comorbidities (physical capability; skills) and lack of knowledge (psychological capability; knowledge). Having a dry mouth or throat and choking concerns were reported in head and neck cancer, but not across other cancers. Facilitators included improving education (psychological capability; knowledge) on the benefits and safety of physical activity.
CONCLUSION
Educating patients and healthcare professionals on the benefits and safety of physical activity may facilitate promotion, uptakeand adherence. Head and neck cancer patients experienced barriers not cited across other cancers, and research exploring physical activity promotion in this patient group is required to improve physical activity engagement.
Topics: Humans; Adult; Exercise; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Health Personnel; Motivation; Neck; Qualitative Research
PubMed: 37458858
DOI: 10.1007/s00520-023-07925-x -
International Journal of Qualitative... Dec 2023This systematic review and meta-synthesis of qualitative studies provides an overview of barriers and facilitators that breast cancer patients experience in weight... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
This systematic review and meta-synthesis of qualitative studies provides an overview of barriers and facilitators that breast cancer patients experience in weight management interventions.
METHODS
We included qualitative studies describing barriers and facilitators for weight management interventions as experienced by adult breast cancer patients after the completion of initial treatment . The data was extracted and using thematic analysis.
RESULTS
After analysis, eleven themes were determined. Six of those themes could be linked to the Attitude, Social Influence and self Efficacy (ASE)-model. Physical and mental benefits, anticipated regret and a lack of motivation were linked to attitude. Integrating a weight management programme in daily life, stigma and fears were linked to self-efficacy. With regard to the social influence determinant, encouragement and discouragement by family members were developed as a theme. Four additional themes were conducted related to weight management behaviour; external barriers, economic barriers, cultural barriers and physical barriers. In addition, integrating weight management in cancer care was described as a separate theme.
CONCLUSIONS
Several disease specific issues, including feeling stigmatized after cancer treatment and treatment-related side effects and peer-support should be given specific attention to maximize adherence of weight management programmes.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Female; Breast Neoplasms; Health Behavior; Attitude; Motivation; Social Stigma; Qualitative Research
PubMed: 37840321
DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2023.2259290 -
Systematic Reviews Feb 2024The best chance of eradicating the COVID-19 pandemic lies in a successful vaccination campaign against the virus. There is still hesitancy among some of the Malawians... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The best chance of eradicating the COVID-19 pandemic lies in a successful vaccination campaign against the virus. There is still hesitancy among some of the Malawians over the use of COVID-19 vaccines that are readily available. This review's objective was to currently analyze COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy among Malawians.
METHODS
This scoping review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) extension for Scoping Reviews. An electronic database search was performed using CINAHL, OVID Medline, PubMed, and Google Scholar for studies published between January 1, 2020, and July 10, 2023, on the topic of reluctance toward COVID-19 vaccine in Malawi. A review of the journal titles and abstracts was performed to establish a match within the selection criteria. Based on the parameters of interest, this paper included publications that explicitly mentioned COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Malawi.
RESULTS
A total of seven articles were identified as meeting the inclusion criteria. Some of the eligible Malawian population's poor response to COVID-19 vaccination was due to hesitancy. Misinformation is primarily to blame for COVID-19 vaccine reluctance. COVID-19 vaccines are viewed as dangerous or intended to cause harm such as the myth that the COVID-19 vaccine would cause infertility, severe disability, and even death. The review revealed that some people choose not to receive vaccines due to religious convictions and beliefs. Some individuals also think that getting the COVID-19 vaccine could result in receiving a triple-six (666) mark from the devil. There were also reports that the COVID-19 vaccination is being considered experimental and ineffective.
CONCLUSIONS
The Malawi government should focus on fear and misinformation regarding COVID-19 vaccination campaigns, using interventions, motivational interviews, and individual sensitization. Traditional, religious, and youth-led organizations should provide practical information on COVID-19 vaccine safety and efficacy.
Topics: Humans; COVID-19; COVID-19 Vaccines; Pandemics; Southern African People; Vaccination; Vaccination Hesitancy
PubMed: 38419126
DOI: 10.1186/s13643-024-02499-z -
The World Journal of Men's Health Oct 2023Healthy aging is an important concern in an aging society. Although the causal relationship between hypogonadism and erectile dysfunction in elderly men remains unclear,...
PURPOSE
Healthy aging is an important concern in an aging society. Although the causal relationship between hypogonadism and erectile dysfunction in elderly men remains unclear, many physicians have achieved positive results after implementing exogenous testosterone supplementation therapy in patients with normal or slightly low blood testosterone. The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on whether testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) could improve sexual function in the elderly, as reported recently.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
As a comprehensive literature search was performed to find articles published in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases by January 2022. The search used keywords of 'aged', 'male', 'sexual behavior', and 'testosterone'. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were finally selected. As the main effect variable, results of a questionnaire on sexual function were analyzed and the effects of TRT were compared to those of placebo control.
RESULTS
Five RCT studies were included in this meta-analysis. The overall improvement by mean difference of sexual function for testosterone supplementation was 0.082 (95% CI: -0.049 to 0.213). In subgroup analysis, only intramuscular injection of 1,000 mg testosterone significantly improved sexual function of the elderly (0.229, 95% CI: 0.112 to 0.347). There was no significant difference in sexual function according to testosterone dose in meta-ANOVA (p=0.957). The difference was not statistically significant either in the meta-regression test (p=0.310). Egger's regression coefficient test did not indicate a publication bias (p=0.132).
CONCLUSIONS
Although our overall effect size (that is, sexual function effect of TRT) did not show a significant improvement, the direction of improvement in erection and motivation was clearly shown. The injection formulation resulted in a significant sexual function improvement. Since only a few RCTs were included in the analysis, more well-designed prospective studies are needed to have a definite conclusion.
PubMed: 36649923
DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.220171 -
Frontiers in Public Health 2024Nurse turnover has become a salient issue in healthcare system worldwide and seriously compromises patient outcomes. Social support is considered an effective... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Nurse turnover has become a salient issue in healthcare system worldwide and seriously compromises patient outcomes. Social support is considered an effective contributor to alleviate nurse turnover intention (TI). However, the degree of correlation between social support and nurse TI remains elusive.
AIMS
This study aims to evaluate the strength of the effectiveness of social support on TI among nurses as well as its potential moderators.
DESIGN
This systematic review and meta-analysis followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses.
METHODS
To obtained qualified studies, two researchers searched Embase, PubMed, Web of science, CINAHL, CNKI, WanFang, and Chinese Medical Journal Full Text Database from inception to January 6, 2024. Meta-analysis, publication bias, and sensitivity analysis were carried out on the included studies using CMA 3.0 software, and the moderating effect was verified through meta-analysis of variance (ANOVA).
RESULTS
A total of 38 studies were obtained, involving 63,989 clinical nurses. The comprehensive effect size of the random effect model showed a significant medium negative correlation between social support and TI among nurses ( < 0.001). The sample size and TI measurement tools significantly moderated the correlation between social support and TI ( < 0.050). However, nurse department, gender, data collection time, and social support measurement tools did not moderate the correlation between the two variables.
CONCLUSION
Social support is negatively associated with TI in nurses. Nursing administrators and the medical community should fully recognize the importance of social support for nurses and take corresponding measures to enhance it, thereby reducing TI and ensuring the stability of the nursing team.
Topics: Humans; Intention; Job Satisfaction; Nurses; Personnel Turnover; Social Support
PubMed: 38903567
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1393024 -
Journal of Medical Internet Research Oct 2023A frequently used feature of electronic patient portals is the viewing of test results. Research on patient portals is abundant and offers evidence to help portal... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
A frequently used feature of electronic patient portals is the viewing of test results. Research on patient portals is abundant and offers evidence to help portal implementers make policy and practice decisions. In contrast, no comparable comprehensive summary of research addresses the direct release of and patient access to test results.
OBJECTIVE
This scoping review aims to analyze and synthesize published research focused on patient and health care provider perspectives on the direct release of laboratory, imaging, and radiology results to patients via web portals.
METHODS
PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines were followed. Searches were conducted in CINAHL, MEDLINE, and other databases. Citations were screened in Covidence using the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Primary studies that focused on patient and health care provider perspectives on patient access to laboratory and imaging results via web portals were included. An updated search was conducted up to August 2023. Our review included 27 articles-20 examining patient views, 3 examining provider views, and 4 examining both patient and provider views. Data extraction and inductive data analysis were informed by sensitizing concepts from sociomaterial perspectives, and 15 themes were generated.
RESULTS
Patient perspectives (24 papers) were synthesized using nine themes: (1) patterns of use and patient characteristics; (2) emotional response when viewing the results and uncertainty about their implications; (3) understanding test results; (4) preferences for mode and timing of result release; (5). information seeking and patients' actions motivated by viewing results via a portal; (6) contemplating changes in behavior and managing own health; (7) benefits of accessing test results via a portal; (8) limitations of accessing test results via a portal; and (9) suggestions for portal improvement. Health care provider perspectives (7 papers) were synthetized into six themes: (1) providers' view of benefits of patient access to results via the portal; (2) effects on health care provider workload; (3) concerns about patient anxiety; (4) timing of result release into the patient portal; (5) the method of result release into the patient portal: manual versus automatic release; and (6) the effects of hospital health information technology system on patient quality outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS
The timing of the release of test results emerged as a particularly important topic. In some countries, the policy context may motivate immediate release of most tests directly into patient portals. However, our findings aim to make policy makers, health administrators, and other stakeholders aware of factors to consider when making decisions about the timing of result release. This review is sensitive to the characteristics of patient populations and portal technology and can inform result release framework policies. The findings are timely, as patient portals have become more common internationally.
Topics: Humans; Electronic Health Records; Health Personnel; Patient Portals; Attitude of Health Personnel; Patients
PubMed: 37856174
DOI: 10.2196/43765 -
Radiography (London, England : 1995) Mar 2024Existing literature provides valuable insight into the application of evidence-based practice (EBP) in Radiography; however, it primarily focuses on localised,... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Existing literature provides valuable insight into the application of evidence-based practice (EBP) in Radiography; however, it primarily focuses on localised, context-specific scenarios within individual countries or institutions. This review aims to systematically explore the barriers to EBP and research implementation in clinical Radiography practice internationally.
METHODOLOGY
A mixed-method systematic review was implemented to obtain data from primary studies of qualitative, quantitative and mixed-methods designs. Articles were searched between June and July 2023 from the following scientific databases: PubMed, Medline, CINAHL, Science Direct and manual search dating from 2003 to July 2023. The reviewed studies were subjected to data extraction and results-based convergent synthesis.
RESULTS
A total of 376 articles were identified through electronic database search and citation screening after the removal of duplicates. Thirty-one studies met the predetermined inclusion criteria and were included for this review. The challenges to EBP implementation in clinical Radiography are broadly themed around professional and personal obligations, motivation and organisational culture, knowledge and skill gaps, resources and opportunities, and institutional governance.
CONCLUSION
Globally, clinical radiographers perceived a high level of motivation and interest towards research activities. However, numerous barriers were reported such as insufficient time allocation for research, lack of resources, lack of research culture and inadequate research-related skills and knowledge. A transition towards greater evidence-based practice precipitates the quality of clinical Radiography services, augmenting efficiency in the workflow process and enriching patient experience.
IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE
Radiography managers must develop strategies that aim to stimulate radiographers to initiate research projects. Beyond allocation of protected time, managers should inspire staff participation in research activities through implementation of effective departmental level culture and governance for quality service delivery and improved patient care.
Topics: Humans; Evidence-Based Practice; Allied Health Personnel; Motivation; Radiography
PubMed: 38290178
DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2024.01.012 -
Medical Care Research and Review : MCRR Oct 2023Evidence on the potential for value-based payment models to improve quality of care and ensure more efficient outcomes is limited and mixed. We aim to identify the... (Review)
Review
Evidence on the potential for value-based payment models to improve quality of care and ensure more efficient outcomes is limited and mixed. We aim to identify the factors that enhance or inhibit the design, implementation, and application of these models through a systematic literature review. We used the PRISMA guidelines. The facilitating and inhibiting factors were divided into subcategories according to a theoretical framework. We included 143 publications, each reporting multiple factors. Facilitators on objectives and strategies, such as realistic/achievable targets, are reported in 56 studies. Barriers regarding dedicated time and resources (e.g., an excessive amount of time for improvements to manifest) are reported in 25 studies. Consensus within the network regarding objectives and strategies, trust, and good coordination is essential. Health care staff needs to be kept motivated, well-informed, and actively involved. In addition, stakeholders should manage expectations regarding when results are expected to be achieved.
Topics: Humans; Delivery of Health Care
PubMed: 36951451
DOI: 10.1177/10775587231160920