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Italian Journal of Pediatrics Dec 2023Tourette Syndrome (TS) is a disorder in which the patient has a history of multiple motor and vocal tics. Depression and anxiety are common in these patients. The... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Tourette Syndrome (TS) is a disorder in which the patient has a history of multiple motor and vocal tics. Depression and anxiety are common in these patients. The results of the studies show different prevalence of these disorders in patients with TS. So, the objective of the present study was to liken the prevalence of depression and anxiety in patients with TS by systematic review and meta-analysis. The present study was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines during 1997-2022. The articles were obtained from Scopus, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science (WoS) and Google Scholar databases. I was used to investigate heterogeneity between studies. Data were analyzed by comprehensive meta-analysis software (Version 2). Finally, 12 articles with a sample size of n = 3812 were included in the study. As a result of combining the results of the studies, the total estimate of the prevalence of depression and anxiety in patients with TS was 36.4% (95% confidence interval: 21.1-54.9%) and 53.5% (95% confidence interval: 39.9-66.6%), respectively. The results of meta-regression showed that by increasing mean age (9-31.5 years), the prevalence of depression and anxiety in patients with TS increased significantly (P<0.001). The results of the present study showed that the prevalence of depression and anxiety was high in patients with TS. Therefore, it is suggested that health officials and policy makers design measures to prevent and control these disorders.
Topics: Humans; Child; Adolescent; Young Adult; Adult; Tourette Syndrome; Depression; Prevalence; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders
PubMed: 38041151
DOI: 10.1186/s13052-023-01562-0 -
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy =... Sep 2023Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) encompass a range of conditions that involve progressive deterioration and dysfunction of the nervous system. Some of the common NDDs... (Review)
Review
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) encompass a range of conditions that involve progressive deterioration and dysfunction of the nervous system. Some of the common NDDs include Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Although significant progress has been made in understanding the pathological mechanisms of NDDs in recent years, the development of targeted and effective drugs for their treatment remains challenging. Kaempferol is a flavonoid whose derivatives include kaempferol-O-rhamnoside, 3-O-β-rutinoside/6-hydroxykaempferol 3,6-di-O-β-d-glucoside, and kaempferide. Emerging studies have suggested that kaempferol and its derivatives possess neuroprotective properties and may have potential therapeutic benefits in NDDs. Here, we aimed to provide a theoretical basis for the use of kaempferol and its derivatives in the clinical treatment of NDDs. We systematically reviewed the literature in the PubMed, Web of Science, and Science Direct databases until June 2022 using the search terms "kaempferol," "kaempferol derivatives," "NDDs," "pharmacokinetics," and "biosynthesis" according to the reporting items for systematic review (PRISMA) standard. Based on combined results of in vivo and in vitro studies, we summarize the basic mechanisms and targets of kaempferol and its derivatives in the management of AD, PD, HD, and ALS. Kaempferol and its derivatives exert a neuroprotective role mainly by preventing the deposition of amyloid fibrils (such as Aβ, tau, and α-synuclein), inhibiting microglia activation, reducing the release of inflammatory factors, restoring the mitochondrial membrane to prevent oxidative stress, protecting the blood-brain barrier, and inhibiting specific enzyme activities (such as cholinesterase). Kaempferol and its derivatives are promising natural neuroprotective agents. By determining their pharmacological mechanism, kaempferol and its derivatives may be new candidate drugs for the treatment of NDDs.
Topics: Humans; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Neuroprotective Agents; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Kaempferols; Alzheimer Disease; Parkinson Disease; Huntington Disease
PubMed: 37494786
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115215 -
Journal of Movement Disorders Mar 2024Since the release of vaccines against COVID-19, there have been reports of vaccine-related neurologic complications. This study aimed to create a descriptive systematic...
OBJECTIVES
Since the release of vaccines against COVID-19, there have been reports of vaccine-related neurologic complications. This study aimed to create a descriptive systematic review of movement disorders associated with COVID-19 vaccines.
METHODS
We described the demographics, clinical presentation, management, outcomes, and proposed patho-mechanism. A systematic review was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines. A standardized tool was used to assess the quality of the cases.
RESULTS
We have identified 8 articles that met our inclusion criteria consisting of 10 patients who developed movement disorders after vaccination. The majority were males (n = 8), with a median age of 64.5 years. The most common movement disorder was hemichorea. The rest presented with generalized chorea with myoclonus, cervical dystonia, and akathisia. Most cases responded with immunotherapy. The standardized tool used showed that most studies have a low risk of bias.
CONCLUSION
The reported incidence of vaccine-related movement disorders was low in occurrence based on available published cases that were found.
PubMed: 38500249
DOI: 10.14802/jmd.24001 -
Nutrients Aug 2023The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the prevalence of feeding and eating disorder (FED) symptoms or dysfunctional eating behaviours (DEB)... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
The Impact of the First and Second Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Eating Symptoms and Dysfunctional Eating Behaviours in the General Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
BACKGROUND
The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the prevalence of feeding and eating disorder (FED) symptoms or dysfunctional eating behaviours (DEB) in the general population during the COVID-19 outbreak.
METHOD
We searched eligible articles in biomedical databases from 1 January 2020 to 31 March 2022. Prevalence rates of FED or DEB changes between pre-pandemic and pandemic time and correlation with psychological distress were pooled with a meta-analysis using a random-effects model. Heterogeneity was tested using I-squared () statistics. A total of 186 studies with 406,076 participants met the inclusion criteria.
RESULTS
The more prevalent FED or DEB during the COVID-19 outbreak were: body image concerns (52%, 95% CI 0.38, 0.66), binge eating (40%, 95% CI 0.25, 0.55), and overeating (40%, 95% CI = 0.32-0.48). Pooled data of longitudinal studies (k = 8) only showed a significant difference in the prevalence of weight gain from pre-pandemic to the pandemic time. Finally, increased levels of psychological distress (k = 35) positively correlated with some ED symptoms.
CONCLUSION
This meta-analysis evidenced a negative impact of the pandemic on eating symptoms and DEB in the general population.
Topics: Humans; COVID-19; Pandemics; Binge-Eating Disorder; Body Image; Feeding Behavior
PubMed: 37630798
DOI: 10.3390/nu15163607 -
Child Psychiatry and Human Development Jun 2024This work systematically reviewed past literature to investigate the association between intellectual giftedness and socio-emotional and/or behavioral disorders.... (Review)
Review
This work systematically reviewed past literature to investigate the association between intellectual giftedness and socio-emotional and/or behavioral disorders. Nineteen studies met the inclusion criteria, 17 of which have children and/or adolescents as participants, and 12 have a non-gifted control group. Socio-emotional problems, such as withdrawal, were found in 3 out of 8 studies; internalizing disorders, such as anxiety, were found in 5 out of 9; externalizing disorders, such as hyperactivity, were found in 3 out of 5. The most investigated comorbidity was attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. A univocal conclusion on the relationship between intellectual giftedness and socio-emotional/behavioral problems cannot be drawn, principally because of the heterogeneity of participants' age, informants, and instruments. The review highlights the need for future studies to use multi-informant and comprehensive assessments, to reach more robust findings, and suggests that age and discrepancy between verbal and non-verbal intellectual abilities should be considered critical factors.
Topics: Humans; Child; Adolescent; Child, Gifted; Comorbidity; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
PubMed: 36181607
DOI: 10.1007/s10578-022-01420-w -
Neuromodulation : Journal of the... Oct 2023Falls in extrapyramidal disorders, particularly Parkinson's disease (PD), multisystem atrophy (MSA), and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), are key milestones... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Falls in extrapyramidal disorders, particularly Parkinson's disease (PD), multisystem atrophy (MSA), and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), are key milestones affecting patients' quality of life, incurring increased morbidity/mortality and high healthcare costs. Unfortunately, gait and balance in parkinsonisms respond poorly to currently available treatments. A serendipitous observation of improved gait and balance in patients with PD receiving spinal cord stimulation (SCS) for back pain kindled an interest in using SCS to treat gait disorders in parkinsonisms.
OBJECTIVES
We reviewed preclinical and clinical studies of SCS to treat gait dysfunction in parkinsonisms, covering its putative mechanisms and efficacies.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Preclinical studies in animal models of PD and clinical studies in patients with PD, PSP, and MSA who received SCS for gait disorders were included. The main outcome assessed was clinical improvement in gait, together with outcome measures used and possible mechanism of actions.
RESULTS
We identified 500 references, and 45 met the selection criteria and have been included in this study for analysis. Despite positive results in animal models, the outcomes in human studies are inconsistent.
CONCLUSIONS
The lack of blind and statistically powered studies, the heterogeneity in patient selection and study outcomes, and the poor understanding of the underlying mechanisms of action of SCS are some of the limiting factors in the field. Addressing these limitations will allow us to draw more reliable conclusions on the effects of SCS on gait and balance in extrapyramidal disorders.
Topics: Humans; Parkinson Disease; Spinal Cord Stimulation; Quality of Life; Parkinsonian Disorders; Multiple System Atrophy; Gait
PubMed: 37452800
DOI: 10.1016/j.neurom.2023.06.003 -
Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements... 2024Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis (SSPE) typically presents with periodic myoclonus; however, a spectrum of movement disorders including dystonia, chorea, tremor, and... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis (SSPE) typically presents with periodic myoclonus; however, a spectrum of movement disorders including dystonia, chorea, tremor, and parkinsonism have also been described. This review aims to evaluate the array of movement disorders in SSPE, correlating them with neuroimaging findings, disease stages, and patient outcomes.
METHODS
A comprehensive review of published case reports and case series was conducted on patients with SSPE exhibiting movement disorders other than periodic myoclonus. PRISMA guidelines were followed, and the protocol was registered with PROSPERO (2023 CRD42023434650). A comprehensive search of multiple databases yielded 37 reports detailing 39 patients. Dyken's criteria were used for SSPE diagnosis, and the International Movement Disorders Society definitions were applied to categorize movement disorders.
RESULTS
The majority of patients were male, with an average age of 13.8 years. Approximately, 80% lacked a reliable vaccination history, and 39% had prior measles infections. Dystonia was the most common movement disorder (49%), followed by parkinsonism and choreoathetosis. Rapid disease progression was noted in 64% of cases, with a disease duration of ≤6 months in 72%. Neuroimaging showed T2/FLAIR MR hyperintensities, primarily periventricular, with 26% affecting the basal ganglia/thalamus. Brain biopsies revealed inflammatory and neurodegenerative changes. Over half of the patients (56%) reached an akinetic mute state or died.
CONCLUSION
SSPE is associated with diverse movement disorders, predominantly hyperkinetic. The prevalence of dystonia suggests basal ganglia dysfunction.
Topics: Humans; Chorea; Dystonia; Hyperkinesis; Hypokinesia; Movement Disorders; Parkinsonian Disorders; Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis; Case Reports as Topic; Male; Female; Adolescent
PubMed: 38765932
DOI: 10.5334/tohm.875 -
Scientific Reports Sep 2023Current clinical tests for Parkinson's disease (PD) provide insufficient diagnostic accuracy leading to an urgent need for improved diagnostic biomarkers. As microRNAs... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Current clinical tests for Parkinson's disease (PD) provide insufficient diagnostic accuracy leading to an urgent need for improved diagnostic biomarkers. As microRNAs (miRNAs) are promising biomarkers of various diseases, including PD, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of biofluid miRNAs in PD. All studies reporting data on miRNAs expression in PD patients compared to controls were included. Gene targets and significant pathways associated with miRNAs expressed in more than 3 biofluid studies with the same direction of change were analyzed using target prediction and enrichment analysis. A bivariate model was used to calculate sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratios, and diagnostic odds ratio. While miR-24-3p and miR-214-3p were the most reported miRNA (7 each), miR-331-5p was found to be consistently up regulated in 4 different biofluids. Importantly, miR-19b-3p, miR-24-3p, miR-146a-5p, and miR-221-3p were reported in multiple studies without conflicting directions of change in serum and bioinformatic analysis found the targets of these miRNAs to be associated with pathways important in PD pathology. Of the 102 studies from the systematic review, 15 studies reported sensitivity and specificity data on combinations of miRNAs and were pooled for meta-analysis. Studies (17) reporting sensitivity and specificity data on single microRNA were pooled in a separate meta-analysis. Meta-analysis of the combinations of miRNAs (15 studies) showed that biofluid miRNAs can discriminate between PD patients and controls with good diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity = 0.82, 95% CI 0.76-0.87; specificity = 0.80, 95% CI 0.74-0.84; AUC = 0.87, 95% CI 0.83-0.89). However, we found multiple studies included more males with PD than any other group therefore possibly introducing a sex-related selection bias. Overall, our study captures key miRNAs which may represent a point of focus for future studies and the development of diagnostic panels whilst also highlighting the importance of appropriate study design to develop representative biomarker panels for the diagnosis of PD.
Topics: Male; Humans; MicroRNAs; Parkinson Disease; Biomarkers; Sensitivity and Specificity
PubMed: 37770507
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43096-9 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2023Neuropathic pain is caused by a neurological injury or disease and can have a significant impact on people's daily lives. Studies have shown that neuropathic pain is...
BACKGROUND
Neuropathic pain is caused by a neurological injury or disease and can have a significant impact on people's daily lives. Studies have shown that neuropathic pain is commonly associated with neurodegenerative diseases. In recent years, there has been a lot of literature on the relationship between neuropathic pain and neurodegenerative diseases. However, bibliometrics is rarely used in analyzing the general aspects of studies on neuropathic pain in neurodegenerative diseases.
METHODS
The bibliometric analysis software CiteSpace and VOSviewer were used to analyze the knowledge graph of 387 studies in the Science Citation Index Expanded of the Web of Science Core Collection Database.
RESULTS
We obtained 2,036 documents through the search, leaving 387 documents after culling. 387 documents were used for the data analysis. The data analysis showed that 330 papers related to neuropathic pain in neurodegenerative diseases were published from 2007-2022, accounting for 85.27% of all published literature. In terms of contributions to the scientific study of neuropathic pain, the United States is in the top tier, with the highest number of publications, citations, and H-indexes.
CONCLUSION
The findings in our study may provide researchers with useful information about research trends, frontiers, and cooperative institutions. Multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease are the three most studied neurodegenerative diseases. Among the pathological basis of neurodegenerative diseases, microglia-regulated neuroinflammation is a hot research topic. Deep brain stimulation and gamma knife radiosurgery are two popular treatments.
Topics: Humans; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Neuralgia; Alzheimer Disease; Parkinson Disease; Bibliometrics
PubMed: 37503342
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1182411 -
Cureus Dec 2023The elderly often suffer from "mild" dementia due to white matter disease, which is another name for repeated brain infarctions. The degeneration of white matter, which... (Review)
Review
The elderly often suffer from "mild" dementia due to white matter disease, which is another name for repeated brain infarctions. The degeneration of white matter, which links various parts of the brain to the spinal cord, is the root cause of this disorder, which develops with age. Dementia, imbalance, and movement problems are symptoms of this degenerative disease that worsen with age. This research's goal is to study current therapy options and identify methods for early diagnosis of white matter illness. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement for meta-analyses and systematic reviews served as the basis for our literature review. Results from the search in ScienceDirect and Medline/Pubmed led to the finalization of 33 studies. The complex relationship between white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) and neurological disorders is the subject of this comprehensive review, which sheds light on the varied terrain of WMH studies by highlighting their consequences and developing evaluation techniques.
PubMed: 38264375
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51030