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Heliyon Feb 2024The efficacy of Kinesio tape (KT) in lateral elbow tendinopathy (LET) has been widely discussed, but controversy remains.
BACKGROUND
The efficacy of Kinesio tape (KT) in lateral elbow tendinopathy (LET) has been widely discussed, but controversy remains.
OBJECTIVES
To perform a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in the literature to ascertain the efficacy of KT in LET.
DESIGN
Systematic review and meta-analysis.
METHOD
Two independent reviewers carried out a literature search in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Any discrepancies were addressed by a third author. Included in the study were RCTs comparing KT to a control group in the context of LET. The quality of evidence was assessed with the 2.0 version of Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias tool. Evaluation centered on clinical outcomes, such as function scores and pain, with comparison made using the risk ratio for dichotomous variables and the mean difference for continuous variables. Statistical significance was considered for values < 0.05.
RESULTS
Included in this review are 11 RCTs with 562 patients. Significant results were noted in favor of KT compared with control based on the visual analog scale score at movement (SMD = -1.17; = 0.03); visual analog scale score at movement (SMD = -1.08; < 0.00001); maximal grip strength (SMD = 0.69; < 0.00001); pain pressure threshold (SMD = 1.14; < 0.00001); Patient-Rated Tennis Elbow Evaluation Questionnaire score (SMD = -1.16; = 0.02) and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand questionnaire score (SMD = -1.19; < 0.00001).
CONCLUSION
The current evidence shows that KT can improve pain levels and the function of elbow joint in patients with LET, and this improvement is might be clinically significant. We assume that physiotherapists can consider trying the KT in LET patients. Future quality studies are needed to confirm the efficacy and explore the mechanism of KT.
PubMed: 38356591
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25606 -
The Journal of Antimicrobial... May 2024Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) indices are widely used for the selection of optimum antibiotic doses. For β-lactam antibiotics, fT>MIC, best relates antibiotic...
BACKGROUND
Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) indices are widely used for the selection of optimum antibiotic doses. For β-lactam antibiotics, fT>MIC, best relates antibiotic exposure to efficacy and is widely used to guide the dosing of β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor (BLI) combinations, often without considering any PK/PD exposure requirements for BLIs.
OBJECTIVES
This systematic review aimed to describe the PK/PD exposure requirements of BLIs for optimal microbiological efficacy when used in combination with β-lactam antibiotics.
METHODS
Literature was searched online through PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane Library databases up to 5 June 2023. Studies that report the PK/PD index and threshold concentration of BLIs approved for clinical use were included. Narrative data synthesis was carried out to assimilate the available evidence.
RESULTS
Twenty-three studies were included. The PK/PD index that described the efficacy of BLIs was fT>CT for tazobactam, avibactam and clavulanic acid and fAUC0-24/MIC for relebactam and vaborbactam. The optimal magnitude of the PK/PD index is variable for each BLI based on the companion β-lactam antibiotics, type of bacteria and β-lactamase enzyme gene transcription levels.
CONCLUSIONS
The PK/PD index that describes the efficacy of BLIs and the exposure measure required for their efficacy is variable among inhibitors; as a result, it is difficult to make clear inference on what the optimum index is. Further PK/PD profiling of BLI, using preclinical infection models that simulate the anticipated mode(s) of clinical use, is warranted to streamline the exposure targets for use in the optimization of dosing regimens.
Topics: beta-Lactamase Inhibitors; Humans; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; beta-Lactams; beta-Lactamases
PubMed: 38459763
DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkae058