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Human Reproduction Open 2023What is the existing empirical literature on the psychosocial health and wellbeing of the parents and offspring born at an advanced parental age (APA), defined as... (Review)
Review
STUDY QUESTION
What is the existing empirical literature on the psychosocial health and wellbeing of the parents and offspring born at an advanced parental age (APA), defined as 40 years onwards?
SUMMARY ANSWER
Although the studies show discrepancies in defining who is an APA parent and an imbalance in the empirical evidence for offspring, mothers, and fathers, there is a drive towards finding psychotic disorders and (neuro-)developmental disorders among the offspring; overall, the observed advantages and disadvantages are difficult to compare.
WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY
In many societies, children are born to parents at advanced ages and there is rising attention in the literature towards the consequences of this trend.
STUDY DESIGN SIZE DURATION
The systematic search was conducted in six electronic databases (PubMed including Medline, Embase, Scopus, PsycInfo, CINAHL, and SocINDEX) and was limited to papers published between 2000 and 2021 and to English-language articles. Search terms used across all six electronic databases were: ('advanced parental age' OR 'advanced maternal age' OR 'advanced paternal age' OR 'advanced reproductive age' OR 'late parent*' OR 'late motherhood' OR 'late fatherhood') AND ('IVF' OR 'in vitro fertilization' OR 'in-vitro-fertilization' OR 'fertilization in vitro' OR 'ICSI' OR 'intracytoplasmic sperm injection' OR 'reproductive techn*' OR 'assisted reproductive technolog*' OR 'assisted reproduction' OR 'assisted conception' OR 'reproduction' OR 'conception' OR 'birth*' OR 'pregnan*') AND ('wellbeing' OR 'well-being' OR 'psycho-social' OR 'social' OR 'ethical' OR 'right to reproduce' OR 'justice' OR 'family functioning' OR 'parental competenc*' OR 'ageism' OR 'reproductive autonomy' OR 'outcome' OR 'risk*' OR 'benefit*').
PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS SETTING METHODS
The included papers were empirical studies in English published between 2000 and 2021, where the study either examined the wellbeing and psychosocial health of parents and/or their children, or focused on parental competences of APA parents or on the functioning of families with APA parents. A quality assessment of the identified studies was performed with the QATSDD tool. Additionally, 20% of studies were double-checked at the data extraction and quality assessment stage to avoid bias. The variables sought were: the geographical location, the year of publication, the methodological approach, the definitions of APA used, what study group was at the centre of the research, what research topic was studied, and what advantages and disadvantages of APA were found.
MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE
A total number of 5403 articles were identified, leading to 2543 articles being included for title and abstract screening after removal of duplicates. This resulted in 98 articles included for a full-text reading by four researchers. Ultimately, 69 studies were included in the final sample. The key results concerned four aspects relevant to the research goals. (i) The studies showed discrepancies in defining who is an APA parent. (ii) There was an imbalance in the empirical evidence produced for different participant groups (mothers, fathers, and offspring), with offspring being the most studied study subjects. (iii) The research topics studied underlined the increased risks of neuro-developmental and psychotic disorders among offspring. (iv) The observed advantages and disadvantages were varied and could not be compared, especially for the offspring of APA parents.
LIMITATIONS REASONS FOR CAUTION
Only English-language studies, published between 2000 and 2021, found in the above-mentioned databases were considered for this review.
WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS
More research is necessary to understand the risks and benefits of building a family at an APA for the offspring when they reach adulthood. Furthermore, studies that explore the perspective of older fathers and older parents from non-Western societies would be highly informative.
STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS
The writing of this manuscript was permitted by financial support provided by the Swiss National Science Foundation (Weave/Lead Agency funding program, grant number 10001AL_197415/1, project title 'Family Building at Advanced Parental Age: An Interdisciplinary Approach'). The funder had no role in the drafting of this manuscript and the views expressed therein are those of the authors. The authors have no conflicts of interest.
REGISTRATION NUMBER
This systematic review is registered in Prospero: CRD42022304564.
PubMed: 38045093
DOI: 10.1093/hropen/hoad042 -
Journal of Affective Disorders Aug 2023Grief in young people is common and associated with symptoms of anxiety and depression, yet grief interventions for this age group are under-researched. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Grief in young people is common and associated with symptoms of anxiety and depression, yet grief interventions for this age group are under-researched.
METHOD
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the efficacy of grief interventions in young people. The process was co-designed with young people and adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. PsycINFO, Medline, and Web of Science databases were searched in July 2021 (updated December 2022).
RESULTS
We extracted results from 28 studies of grief interventions with young people (14-24 years) that measured anxiety and/or depression (N = 2803 participants, 60 % girls/women). Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) for grief demonstrated a large effect for anxiety and medium effect for depression. A meta-regression indicated that CBT for grief that included a higher degree of CBT strategies, was not trauma focused, had >10 sessions, offered on an individual basis, and did not involve parents, was associated with larger effect sizes for anxiety. Supportive therapy had a moderate effect for anxiety and a small-moderate effect for depression. Writing interventions were not effective for anxiety or depression.
LIMITATIONS
Studies are limited in number and there were few randomized controlled studies.
CONCLUSIONS
Findings indicate that CBT for grief is an effective intervention for reducing symptoms of anxiety and depression in young people experiencing grief. CBT for grief should be offered as the first line treatment for grieving young people experiencing anxiety and depression.
PROTOCOL REGISTRATION
PROSPERO (registration number CRD42021264856).
Topics: Female; Humans; Adolescent; Male; Depression; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
PubMed: 37196936
DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.05.032 -
Pediatric Neurology Jun 2024Febrile seizures (FS) are the most common neurological disorder in pediatric age. FS affect 2% to 12% of children and result from a complex interplay of genetic and... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Febrile seizures (FS) are the most common neurological disorder in pediatric age. FS affect 2% to 12% of children and result from a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors. Effective management and unambiguous recommendations are crucial for allocating health care resources efficiently and ensuring cost-effectiveness in treating FS.
METHODS
This systematic review compares existing guidelines to provide insights into FS management. Seven guidelines published between 1991 and 2021, from Japan, United Kingdom, United States, Mexico, India, and Italy, were included. Data extraction covered definitions, diagnostic criteria, hospital admission criteria, diagnostic tests, management, and prophylaxis recommendations.
RESULTS
Hospital admission criteria varied but typically included age <18 months and complex FS. Neuroimaging and lumbar puncture recommendations varied, with most guidelines suggesting limited use. Pharmacologic prophylaxis was generally discouraged for simple FS but considered only for high-risk cases, due to the benign nature of FS and the potential side effects of antiseizure medications.
CONCLUSIONS
Guidelines on FS exhibit similarities and differences, highlighting the need for standardized management and improved parental education to enhance clinical outcomes and reduce economic and social costs associated with FS. Future research should focus on creating updated international guidelines and ensuring their practical implementation.
Topics: Humans; Seizures, Febrile; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Infant
PubMed: 38653182
DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2024.03.024 -
JMIR MHealth and UHealth Jul 2023Increasingly, parents use child health promotion apps to find health information. An overview of child health promotion apps for parents currently does not exist. The... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Increasingly, parents use child health promotion apps to find health information. An overview of child health promotion apps for parents currently does not exist. The scope of child health topics addressed by parent apps is thus needed, including how they are evaluated.
OBJECTIVE
This scoping review aims to describe existing reported mobile health (mHealth) parent apps of middle- to high-income countries that promote child health. The focus centers on apps developed in the last 5 years, showing how the reported apps are evaluated, and listing reported outcomes found.
METHODS
A scoping review was conducted according to PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for Scoping Reviews) guidelines to identify parent apps or web-based programs on child health promotion published between January 2016 and June 2021 in 5 databases: PubMed, ERIC, IEEE Xplore, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Separate sources were sought through an expert network. Included studies were summarized and analyzed through a systematic and descriptive content analysis, including keywords, year of publication, country of origin, aims/purpose, study population/sample size, intervention type, methodology/method(s), broad topic(s), evaluation, and study outcomes.
RESULTS
In total, 39 studies met the inclusion criteria from 1040 database and 60 expert-identified studies. Keywords reflected the health topics and app foci. About 64% (25/39) of included studies were published after 2019 and most stemmed from the United States, Australian, and European-based research. Studies aimed to review or evaluate apps or conducted app-based study interventions. The number of participants ranged from 7 to 1200. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used. Interventions included 28 primary studies, 6 app feasibility studies, and 5 app or literature reviews. Eight separate topics were found: parental feeding and nutrition, physical activity, maternal-child health, parent-child health, healthy environment, dental health, mental health, and sleep. Study intervention evaluations cited behavior change theories in 26 studies and evaluations were carried out with a variety of topic-specific, adapted, self-developed, or validated questionnaires and evaluation tools. To evaluate apps, user input and qualitative evaluations were often combined with surveys and frequently rated with the Mobile App Rating Scale. Outcomes reported some positive effects, while several intervention studies saw no effect at all. Effectively evaluating changes in behavior through apps, recruiting target groups, and retaining app engagement were challenges cited.
CONCLUSIONS
New parents are a key target group for child health apps, but evaluating child health promotion apps remains a challenge. Whether tailored to parent needs or adapted to the specific topic, apps should be rooted in a transparent theoretical groundwork. Applicable lessons for parent apps from existing research are to tailor app content, include intuitive and adaptive features, and embed well-founded parameters for long-term effect evaluation on child health promotion.
Topics: Humans; Australia; Health Promotion; Mobile Applications; Exercise; Parents
PubMed: 37471125
DOI: 10.2196/39929 -
BMC Oral Health Dec 2023Disasters can harm many people, especially children, in unpredictable and public ways. One of the neglected aspects of children's health in disasters is oral and dental...
BACKGROUND
Disasters can harm many people, especially children, in unpredictable and public ways. One of the neglected aspects of children's health in disasters is oral and dental hygiene, which can affect their physical and mental well-being. This systematic review explores how dentistry can help children in disasters, focusing on two aspects: providing oral health care and identifying disaster victims.
METHODS
A thorough search of databases, such as PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Embase, ProQuest, and Web of Science, was done to find English-language publications from 1930 to August 31, 2023. The screening, data collection, and quality assessment followed the PRISMA guidelines.
RESULTS
Out of 37,795 articles found in the databases, seven research articles were chosen. Five articles were retrospective, and two articles were prospective. The results showed that dentistry for children is very important in disasters by giving information about the oral and dental problems and identifying the victims. The results also showed some of the challenges and difficulties in giving dental care for children in disaster situations, such as changing control, referral systems, and parental fear of infection.
CONCLUSION
Dentistry for children can improve the health and well-being of children affected by disasters.
Topics: Child; Humans; Pediatric Dentistry; Retrospective Studies; Prospective Studies; Disasters; Oral Health
PubMed: 38066572
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03699-0 -
Frontiers in Pediatrics 2023To compare the effects of intranasal dexmedetomidine (Dex) and oral midazolam in the preoperative medication of children by using a method of meta-analysis. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To compare the effects of intranasal dexmedetomidine (Dex) and oral midazolam in the preoperative medication of children by using a method of meta-analysis.
METHODS
Cochrane Library, Pubmed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched from inception to July 2023. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of intranasal Dex vs. oral midazolam in pediatric premedication were collected. Stata 15.0 statistical software was used to analyze the collected data. Relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used as effect sizes.
RESULTS
A total of 11 studies with 824 children were included, containing 415 patients in the Dex group and 409 patients in the midazolam group. Compared with the oral midazolam group, the intranasal Dex group had a better preoperative sedation effect at parent-child separation (RR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.14-1.64) and anesthesia induction (RR = 2.08, 95% CI: 1.03-4.22). In addition, there was no significant difference in the incidence of analgesia remedy (RR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.36-1.00) the acceptance of anesthesia masks (RR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.83-1.12), and incidence of adverse events between (RR = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.06-1.13, = 0.072) between the intranasal Dex and oral midazolam groups.
CONCLUSION
Compared with oral midazolam, intranasal Dex has better sedative effects of parent-child separation and anesthesia induction in pediatric premedication, but there was no difference in the incidence of anesthesia remedy, anesthesia mask acceptance, and incidence of adverse events. Therefore, compared with oral midazolam, intranasal Dex is a better choice for premedication in children.
PubMed: 38027288
DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1264081 -
Nursing Open Sep 2023The aims are to describe the key components of family integrated care intervention for preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and assess the impact... (Review)
Review
AIMS
The aims are to describe the key components of family integrated care intervention for preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and assess the impact on breastfeeding outcomes for those infants.
DESIGN
A scoping review.
METHODS
We conducted a systematic study search based on the databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, Web of Science, MEDLINE, CINAHL, CNKI and Wanfang Database in December 2022. The search time ranged from database establishment to 31 December 2022. Papers by manual searching were also listed on the references. We adopted Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewer's Manual methodology and followed the PRISMA guidelines for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) to conduct the review. Two independent reviewers filtered the papers, extracted data and synthesized the findings. A table was used to extract data and synthesize results.
RESULTS
After systematic searching, 11 articles that implemented family integrated care (FIcare) were finally included in this scoping review. By analysing the implementation of this nursing model, we identified seven main components: NICU staff training, parent education, parent participation in infants' care, parent involvement in medical plans, peer support, NICU environmental support and mobile app for parents. Based on the extracted breastfeeding data, this scoping review concludes that family integrated care shows a positive effect on increasing breastfeeding rates at discharge. Through this scoping review, we find that family integrated care is feasible and it can support breastfeeding of preterm infants. Further studies will be needed to provide more evidence that family integrated care could facilitate breastfeeding of preterm infants.
IMPACT
This scoping review provides evidence for the positive role of family integrated care on breastfeeding outcomes. The analysis may contribute to the implementation of family integrated care.
NO PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION
No further public or patient contribution was made in view of the review-based nature of the research.
Topics: Infant; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Breast Feeding; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal; Intensive Care, Neonatal; Delivery of Health Care, Integrated
PubMed: 37306324
DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1888 -
Health SA = SA Gesondheid 2023Parents play an important role in the sexual and reproductive health (SRH) of their adolescents. Parent-adolescent SRH information communication is cardinal and is... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Parents play an important role in the sexual and reproductive health (SRH) of their adolescents. Parent-adolescent SRH information communication is cardinal and is expected to improve SRH outcomes of adolescents.
AIM
The aim of this systematic review was to search for effective SRH information communication interventions in lower- and middle-income countries (LMICs) to inform the adaptation of parent-adolescent SRH information communication intervention.
METHOD
This is the first phase of an explanatory sequential mixed method study. The systematic review was carried out by employing Joanna Briggs Institute software for reviews. Search sources included Cochrane Reviews Library, EMBASE, CINAHL, PubMed, OVID, Scopus, Web of Science and Science Direct. A systematic search strategy was formulated, making use of the key terms: adolescent, teenager, youth, parent, mother, father, caregiver, reproductive, sexual, health, information, communication and intervention.
RESULTS
Five articles met the inclusion criteria for full-text screening. The interventions included addressed sociodemographic covariates; parent-adolescent general communication; parental monitoring; parent-adolescent communication about sex-related topics; parent's sexual communication skills; parent's self-efficacy in sexual communication; parent's responsiveness to sexual communication; communication frequency; quality of sex‑related communication and information-motivational-behavioural skills.
CONCLUSION
Findings suggest that evidence-based SRH information communication interventions are effective in improving parent-adolescent SRH information communication to optimise safe SRH behaviour in LMICs.
CONTRIBUTION
This systematic review identified effective SRH information communication interventions in LMICs, which can form the basis of further qualitative exploration for adaptation of a culturally sensitive intervention in Ghana.
PubMed: 38076672
DOI: 10.4102/hsag.v28i0.2435 -
Obesity Reviews : An Official Journal... Jan 2024Obesity may track across generations, due to genetics and shared family environmental factors, or possibly intrauterine programming. However, many studies only assess... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Obesity may track across generations, due to genetics and shared family environmental factors, or possibly intrauterine programming. However, many studies only assess associations between maternal body mass index (BMI) and offspring BMI in childhood. To determine whether maternal and paternal associations with offspring BMI differ and whether associations persist into adulthood, a systematic review and meta-analysis was done. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar (to October 2022) were searched. Observational studies reporting associations between maternal or paternal BMI and adult offspring BMI were included. Offspring BMIs were reported as continuous or categorical measures. Forty-six studies were included in the systematic review. Meta-analyses were conducted using random-effects models. Parental BMI was positively associated with offspring BMI in adulthood. The pooled mother-offspring standardized mean difference (SMD) was 0.23 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.20, 0.26), and father-offspring SMD was similar: 0.22 (95% CI: 0.19, 0.25) in adjusted models. Offspring of mothers with overweight or obesity had the same risk of higher BMI as offspring of fathers with overweight or obesity. If these associations are causal, they support interventions targeting all family members, rather than focusing solely on mothers, to obtain a healthy weight development among offspring.
Topics: Female; Adult; Humans; Body Mass Index; Overweight; Adult Children; Parents; Obesity; Mothers
PubMed: 37783229
DOI: 10.1111/obr.13644 -
Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and... Dec 2024The abundant functions of music and its effects on human's mental and physical health have been verified since ancient times, but rarely received attention as an... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
The abundant functions of music and its effects on human's mental and physical health have been verified since ancient times, but rarely received attention as an alternative obstetric intervention.
OBJECTIVE
This study aims to investigate the benefits of music therapy on prenatal and delivery experiences of pregnant women.
METHOD
A systematic search for articles was conducted in electronic databases including CINAHL, Web of Science, PubMed/Medline, and CNKI. A total of 240 articles were identified, and 17 studies were selected for this review. The extracted data included author, year, location, sample size, intervention phase, type of music, music therapy strategy, measuring instruments, and results. The data were organized chronologically based on the publication year of each study.
RESULT
The articles indicated that music therapy has advantages in reducing pain during childbirth, lowering anxiety and stress levels in mothers, improving sleep quality, and increasing fetal movements, basal fetal heart rate, and accelerations.
CONCLUSION
Based on the findings, it can be concluded that music therapy is an effective approach to enhance the experience of pregnant women during pregnancy and delivery. Therefore, its implementation in obstetrical clinical practice is highly recommended.
Topics: Pregnancy; Humans; Female; Music Therapy; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Mothers
PubMed: 38146963
DOI: 10.1080/0167482X.2023.2291635