-
Dental Materials : Official Publication... Mar 2024Nonthermal atmospheric or low-pressure plasma (NTP) can improve the surface characteristics of dental materials without affecting their bulk properties. This study aimed... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
Nonthermal atmospheric or low-pressure plasma (NTP) can improve the surface characteristics of dental materials without affecting their bulk properties. This study aimed to systematically review the available scientific evidence on the effectiveness of using NTP for the surface treatment of etchable, silica-based dental ceramics before cementation, and elucidate its potential to replace the hazardous and technically demanding protocol of hydrofluoric acid (HF) etching.
METHODS
A valid search query was developed with the help of PubMed's Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) vocabulary thesaurus and translated to three electronic databases: PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed according to an adapted version of the Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies (MINORS).
RESULTS
Thirteen in vitro study reports published between 2008 and 2023 were selected for the qualitative and quantitative data synthesis. The implemented methodologies were diverse, comprising 19 different plasma treatment protocols with various device settings. Argon, helium, oxygen, or atmospheric air plasma may significantly increase the wettability and roughness of silicate ceramics by plasma cleaning, etching, and activation, but the treatment generally results in inferior bond strength values after cementation compared to those achieved with HF etching. The technically demanding protocol of plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition was employed more commonly, in which the surface deposition of hexamethyl disiloxane with subsequent oxygen plasma activation proved the most promising, yielding bond strengths comparable to those of the positive control. Lack of power analysis, missing adequate control, absence of examiner blinding, and non-performance of specimen aging were common methodological frailties that contributed most to the increase in bias risk (mean MINORS score 15.3 ± 1.1).
SIGNIFICANCE
NTP can potentially improve the adhesive surface characteristics of dental silicate ceramics in laboratory conditions, but the conventional protocol of HF etching still performs better in terms of the resin-ceramic bond strength and longevity. More preclinical research is needed to determine the optimal NTP treatment settings and assess the aging of plasma-treated ceramic surfaces in atmospheric conditions.
Topics: Dental Porcelain; Dental Bonding; Surface Properties; Resin Cements; Ceramics; Silicates; Oxygen; Materials Testing; Hydrofluoric Acid; Silanes
PubMed: 38281846
DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.01.001 -
International Journal of Molecular... Jan 2024Diabetes affected 537 million adults in 2021, costing a total of USD 966 billion dollars in healthcare. One of the most common complications associated with diabetes... (Review)
Review
Diabetes affected 537 million adults in 2021, costing a total of USD 966 billion dollars in healthcare. One of the most common complications associated with diabetes corresponds to the development of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). DFUs affect around 15% of diabetic patients; these ulcers have impaired healing due to neuropathy, arterial disease, infection, and aberrant extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, among other factors. The bioactive-glass-based materials discussed in this systematic review show promising results in accelerating diabetic wound healing. It can be concluded that the addition of BG is extremely valuable with regard to the wound healing rate and wound healing quality, since BG activates fibroblasts, enhances M1-to-M2 phenotype switching, induces angiogenesis, and initiates the formation of granulation tissue and re-epithelization of the wound. In addition, a higher density and deposition and better organization of collagen type III are seen. This systematic review was made using the PRISMA guideline and intends to contribute to the advancement of diabetic wound healing therapeutic strategies development by providing an overview of the materials currently being developed and their effect in diabetic wound healing in vitro and in vivo.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Wound Healing; Diabetic Foot; Granulation Tissue; Collagen Type III; Fibroblasts; Diabetes Mellitus
PubMed: 38256225
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021152 -
Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and... Aug 2023Cement-augmentation pedicle screws have been widely used in spinal internal fixation surgery combined with osteoporosis in recent years, which can significantly improve... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Cement-augmentation pedicle screws have been widely used in spinal internal fixation surgery combined with osteoporosis in recent years, which can significantly improve the fixation strength, but compared with conventional methods, whether it has more advantages is still inconclusive of evidencebased medicine. To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of cement-augmented pedicle screw in the treatment of thoracolumbar degenerative diseases with osteoporosis.
METHODS
We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library for studies published from the establishment of the database up until June 2023. We included studies that concerning the cement-augmented pedicle screw and the traditional pedicle screw placement for thoracolumbar degenerative diseases with osteoporosis. We excluded repeated publication, researches without full text, incomplete information or inability to conduct data extraction and animal experiments, case report, reviews and systematic reviews. STATA 15.1 software was used to analyze the data.
RESULTS
A total of 12 studies were included in this meta-analysis. The sample size of patients were totally 881, of which, 492 patients in cement-augmented screw group and 389 patients in conventional screw group. Meta-analysis results showed that Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score (WMD = 1.69, 95% CI 1.15 to 2.22), intervertebral space height (WMD = 1.66, 95% CI 1.03 to 2.29) and post-operation fusion rate (OR = 2.80, 95% CI 1.49 to 5.25) were higher in the cement-augmented screw group than those in the conventional screw group. Operation time was longer in the cement-augmented screw group than that in the conventional screw group (WMD = 15.47, 95% CI 1.25 to 29.70). Screw loosening rate was lower in the cement-augmented screw group than those in the conventional screw group (OR = 0.13, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.22). However, hospitalization time, intraoperative blood loss and Visual analog scale (VAS) score were not significantly different between the two groups (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Compared with conventional pedicle screw placement, cement-augmented pedicle screw is more effective in the treatment of osteoporotic thoracolumbar degenerative disease by improving fusion rate and interbody height, reducing the incidence of screw loosening, and elevating long-term efficacy.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Pedicle Screws; Osteoporosis; Blood Loss, Surgical; Bone Cements; Databases, Factual
PubMed: 37641101
DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04077-w -
Polymers Mar 2024Poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) implants have been used for bone fixation for decades. However, upon insertion, they can cause a foreign body reaction (FBR) that may lead to... (Review)
Review
Poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) implants have been used for bone fixation for decades. However, upon insertion, they can cause a foreign body reaction (FBR) that may lead to complications. On 15 December 2023, a systematic review was conducted to search for articles on the PubMed, MeSH term, and Scopus databases using the keywords 'PLLA' and 'foreign body reaction'. The articles were reviewed not only for the question of FBR, its severity, and the manifestation of symptoms but also for the type of implant and its location in the body, the species, and the number of individuals included. A total of 71 original articles were identified. Of these, two-thirds reported on in vivo trials, and one-third reported on clinical applications. The overall majority of the reactions were mild in more than half of the investigations. Symptoms of extreme and extensive FBR mainly include osteolysis, ganglion cysts, and swelling. The localization of PLLA implants in bone can often result in osteolysis due to local acidosis. This issue can be mitigated by adding hydroxyapatite. There should be no strong FBR when PLLA is fragmented to 0.5-4 µm by extracorporeal shock wave.
PubMed: 38543422
DOI: 10.3390/polym16060817 -
Graefe's Archive For Clinical and... Jun 2024Corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL) is the primary treatment for progressive keratoconus which has a significant impact on vision and quality of life. Our study aimed to... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
PURPOSE
Corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL) is the primary treatment for progressive keratoconus which has a significant impact on vision and quality of life. Our study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of epithelium-on versus epithelium-off CXL to treat keratoconus.
METHODS
We searched PubMed, Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. We included studies that compared standard epithelium-off with epithelium-on CXL. The primary outcome measures were changes in corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) and maximum keratometry (Kmax), and the secondary outcomes were uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), central corneal thickness (CCT), and adverse events. A meta-analysis was performed on the primary and secondary outcomes based on the weighted mean differences between baseline to 12-month follow-up.
RESULTS
The search retrieved 887 publications with 27 included in the systematic review. A total of 1622 eyes (1399 patients; age 25.51 ± 4.02 years) were included in comparisons of epithelium-off to epithelium-on CXL in keratoconus. Epithelium-off CXL treated 800 eyes and epithelium-on CXL for 822 eyes. At 12-month follow-up, CDVA and Kmax showed no significant difference between the epithelium-off and epithelium-on CXL. The secondary outcomes showed that UDVA was better in epithelium-off CXL (- 0.11D, 95% CI - 0.12, - 0.1; p < 0.001) and there was more thinning in CCT in epithelium-off CXL (- 3.23 μm, 95% CI - 4.64, - 1.81; p <0.001).
CONCLUSION
Epithelium-off and epithelium-on CXL were both effective to treat progressive keratoconus. Further research is needed to compare the long-term outcomes and safety of both CXL protocols for adaptation into clinical practice.
Topics: Keratoconus; Humans; Cross-Linking Reagents; Collagen; Photosensitizing Agents; Epithelium, Corneal; Photochemotherapy; Visual Acuity; Riboflavin; Ultraviolet Rays; Corneal Topography; Corneal Stroma
PubMed: 37938377
DOI: 10.1007/s00417-023-06287-8 -
Clinical Cardiology Dec 2023Because of the advancement of bioabsorbable polymers and thinner struts, bioabsorbable-polymer sirolimus-eluting stents (BP-SES) with ultrathin struts may be related to... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Long-term safety of ultrathin bioabsorbable-polymer sirolimus-eluting stents versus thin durable-polymer drug-eluting stents in acute coronary syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
BACKGROUND
Because of the advancement of bioabsorbable polymers and thinner struts, bioabsorbable-polymer sirolimus-eluting stents (BP-SES) with ultrathin struts may be related to superior performance when compared to durable-polymer drug-eluting stents (DP-DES) with thin struts. Nonetheless, the long-term safety of ultrathin BP-SES in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains unknown.
METHODS
We sought to assess the long-term safety of ultrathin BP-SES in ACS patients, conducting a thorough meta-analysis of all relevant trials drawing a comparison between ultrathin BP-SES and contemporary thin DP-DES. Target lesion failure (TLF), which includes cardiac death (CD), target-vessel myocardial infarction (TV-MI), and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (CD-TLR) was considered the primary endpoint. Multiple databases comprising Embase, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and Pubmed were all thoroughly searched.
RESULTS
There were seven randomized controlled trials included in our study with 7522 randomized patients with ACS (BP-SES = 3888, DP-DES = 3634). TLF occurred in 371 (9.5% in BP-SES) and 393 (10.8% in DP-DES) patients, respectively, across a 40.7-month weighted mean follow-up, with no statistically significant group differences (risk ratio [RR]: 0.87; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.73-1.04; p = .12). Furthermore, no significant differences in cardiac death (RR: 0.96; 95% CI: 0.68-1.35; p = .81), TV-MI (RR: 0.63; 95% CI: 0.36-1.10; p = .10) and CD-TLR (RR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.46-1.29; p = .32) were detected between two groups.
CONCLUSION
During a follow-up of 40.7 months, ultrathin BP-SES and thin DP-DES had a comparable risk of TLF and its individual components (CD, TV-MI, and CD-TLR), indicating that ultrathin BP-SES held at least the same safety and efficiency as thin DP-DES presented in patients with ACS.
Topics: Humans; Sirolimus; Drug-Eluting Stents; Everolimus; Acute Coronary Syndrome; Polymers; Coronary Artery Disease; Absorbable Implants; Treatment Outcome; Myocardial Infarction; Stents; Death; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention; Prosthesis Design; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 37661458
DOI: 10.1002/clc.24139 -
Environmental Science & Technology Mar 2024The absence of standardized procedures to assess microfiber pollution released during laundering, alongside textile complexities, has caused incomparability and... (Review)
Review
The absence of standardized procedures to assess microfiber pollution released during laundering, alongside textile complexities, has caused incomparability and inconsistency between published methodologies, data formats, and presentation of findings. Yet, this information needs to be clear and succinct to engage producers and consumers in reducing microfiber pollution through solutions, such as eco-design. This review analyses source directed interventions through design and manufacturing parameters that can prevent or reduce microfiber shedding from knit fabrics during washing. Contradicting results are critically evaluated and future research agendas, alongside potential areas for voluntary and involuntary sustainable incentives are summarized. To do this, a systematic review was carried out, using the PRISMA approach to verify which fabrics had been investigated in terms of microfiber shedding. Using selected keywords, a total number of 32 articles were included in this review after applying carefully developed inclusion and exclusion criteria. The influence of fabric parameters such as fiber polymer, length of fibers and yarn twist alongside fabric construction parameters such as gauge of knit and knit structure are critically evaluated within the systematically selected studies. This review highlights the agreed upon fabric parameters and constructions that can be implemented to reduce microfiber pollution released from knit textiles. The complexities and inconsistencies within the findings are streamlined to highlight the necessary future research agendas. This information is critical to facilitate the adoption of cross-industry collaboration to achieve pollution reduction strategies and policies. We call for more systematic studies to assess the relationship between individual textile parameters and their influence on microfiber shedding. Additionally, studies should work toward standardization to increase comparability between studies and created more comprehensive guidelines for policy development and voluntary actions for the textile and apparel industry to participate in addressing more sustainable practises through eco-design.
Topics: Plastics; Textiles; Polyesters; Environmental Pollution; Laundering
PubMed: 38381002
DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c05955 -
European Journal of Pharmaceutical... Apr 2024Silk fibroin is a fibrillar protein obtained from arthropods such as mulberry and non-mulberry silkworms. Silk fibroin has been used as a dressing in wound treatment for...
Silk fibroin is a fibrillar protein obtained from arthropods such as mulberry and non-mulberry silkworms. Silk fibroin has been used as a dressing in wound treatment for its physical, chemical, mechanical, and biological properties. This systematic review analyzed studies from PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases to identify the molecules preferred for functionalizing silk fibroin-based dressings and to describe their mechanisms of exhibiting anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties. The analysis of the selected articles allowed us to classify the dressings into different conformations, such as membranes, films, hydrogels, sponges, and bioadhesives. The incorporation of various molecules, including antibiotics, natural products, peptides, nanocomposites, nanoparticles, secondary metabolites, growth factors, and cytokines, has allowed the development of dressings that promote wound healing with antibacterial and immunomodulatory properties. In addition, silk fibroin-based dressings have been established to have the potential to regenerate wounds such as venous ulcers, arterial ulcers, diabetic foot, third-degree burns, and neoplastic ulcers. Evaluation of the efficacy of silk fibroin-based dressings in tissue engineering is an area of great activity that has shown significant advances in recent years.
Topics: Humans; Fibroins; Ulcer; Wound Healing; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bandages
PubMed: 38281552
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2024.106710 -
Journal of Dairy Science Jan 2024A systematic literature review of in vitro studies was performed to identify methane (CH) mitigation interventions with a potential to reduce CH emission in vivo. Data... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
A systematic literature review of in vitro studies was performed to identify methane (CH) mitigation interventions with a potential to reduce CH emission in vivo. Data from 277 peer-reviewed studies published between 1979 and 2018 were reviewed. Individual CH mitigation interventions were classified into 14 categories of feed additives based on their type, chemical composition, and mode of action. Response variables evaluated were absolute CH emission (number of treatment means comparisons = 1,325); total volatile fatty acids (n = 1,007), acetate (n = 783), propionate (n = 792), and butyrate (n = 776) concentrations; acetate to propionate ratio (n = 675); digestibility of dry matter (n = 489), organic matter (n = 277), and neutral detergent fiber (n = 177). Total gas production was used as an explanatory variable in the model for CH production. Relative mean difference between treatment and control means reported in the studies was calculated and used for statistical analysis. The robust variance estimation method was used to analyze the effects of CH mitigation interventions. In vitro CH production was decreased by antibodies (-38.9%), chemical inhibitors (-29.2%), electron sinks (-18.9%), essential oils (-18.2%), plant extracts (-14.5%), plant inclusion (-11.7%), saponins (-14.8%), and tannins (-14.5%). Overall effects of direct-fed microbials, enzymes, macroalgae, and organic acids supplementation did not affect CH production in the current meta-analysis. When considering the effects of individual mitigation interventions containing a minimum number of 4 degrees of freedom within feed additives categories, Enterococcus spp. (i.e., direct-fed microbial), nitrophenol (i.e., electron sink), and Leucaena spp. (i.e., tannins) decreased CH production by 20.3%, 27.1%, and 23.5%, respectively, without extensively, or only slightly, affecting ruminal fermentation and digestibility of nutrients. It should be noted, however, that although the total number of publications (n = 277) and treatment means comparisons (n = 1,325 for CH production) in the current analysis were high, data for most mitigation interventions were obtained from less than 5 observations (e.g., maximum number of observations was 4, 7, and 22 for nitrophenol, Enterococcus spp., and Leucaena spp., respectively), because of limited data available in the literature. These should be further evaluated in vitro and in vivo to determine their true potential to decrease enteric CH production, yield, and intensity. Some mitigation interventions (e.g., magnesium, Heracleum spp., nitroglycerin, β-cyclodextrin, Leptospermum pattersoni, Fructulus Ligustri, Salix caprea, and Sesbania grandiflora) decreased in vitro CH production by over 50% but did not have enough observations in the database. These should be more extensively investigated in vitro, and the dose effect must be considered before adoption of mitigation interventions in vivo.
Topics: Female; Animals; Diet; Milk; Lactation; Propionates; Methane; Tannins; Rumen; Acetates; Nitrophenols; Fermentation; Digestion; Animal Feed
PubMed: 38353472
DOI: 10.1016/S0022-0302(23)00819-6 -
Zeitschrift Fur Orthopadie Und... Dec 2023To summarize the literature and compare the advantages and disadvantages of the unilateral transverse process-pedicle approach (UTPA) and conventional transpedicular... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
PURPOSE
To summarize the literature and compare the advantages and disadvantages of the unilateral transverse process-pedicle approach (UTPA) and conventional transpedicular approach (CTPA) vertebral augmentation in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF).
METHODS
A single researcher performed a systematic literature review using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Online scientific databases were searched in September 2021 for English- and Chinese-language publications. A series of comparative studies were included, with UTPA as the main intervention and CTPA as the comparison indicator. A meta-analysis was performed for studies that reported clinical outcome indicators. The χ was used to study heterogeneity between trials, and the I statistic was calculated to estimate variation across studies.
RESULTS
A total of eight studies were included for meta-analysis, all of which were observational studies with mixed bias risk. There were 613 subjects in the UTPA group and 488 subjects in the CTPA group. The results of the meta-analysis showed that there was no difference between the UTPA group and the CTPA group in terms of visual analogue scale scores (p = 0.31), Oswestry Disability Index scores (p = 0.50), correction of kyphosis angle (p = 0.65), and the amount of bone cement (p = 0.13), but the UTPA group had a shorter operative time (p < 0.001), bone cement leakage rates (p = 0.02), and fluoroscopy times than the CTPA group (p < 0.001). Partial analysis results had a high risk of bias, and the most common source of bias was that there was high heterogeneity between studies, and the sensitivity can only be reduced by a random effect model, and some studies (four items) did not clearly describe the confounders that they controlled.
CONCLUSION
The limited evidence obtained in this study proves that the new puncture method does not have more advantages than the traditional technique, so it is no longer meaningful to continue to obsess over the impact of the puncture method on surgical outcome.
Topics: Humans; Kyphoplasty; Spinal Fractures; Fractures, Compression; Bone Cements; Spine; Vertebroplasty; Osteoporotic Fractures; Treatment Outcome; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 35378564
DOI: 10.1055/a-1785-5698