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International Journal of Molecular... Jul 2023sp. are the most commonly associated pathogens in infective endocarditis, especially within high-income nations. This along with the increasing burden of healthcare,... (Review)
Review
sp. are the most commonly associated pathogens in infective endocarditis, especially within high-income nations. This along with the increasing burden of healthcare, aging populations, and the protracted infection courses, contribute to a significant challenge for healthcare systems. A systematic review was conducted using relevant search criteria from PubMed, Ovid's version of MEDLINE, and EMBASE, and data were tabulated from randomized controlled trials (RCT), observational cohort studies, meta-analysis, and basic research articles. The review was registered with the OSF register of systematic reviews and followed the PRISMA reporting guidelines. Thirty-five studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the final systematic review. The role of and its interaction with the protective shield and host protection functions was identified and highlighted in several studies. The interaction between infective endocarditis pathogens, vascular endothelium, and blood constituents was also explored, giving rise to the potential use of antiplatelets as preventative and/or curative agents. Several factors allow infections to proliferate within the host with numerous promoting and perpetuating agents. The complex interaction with the hosts' innate immunity also potentiates its virulence. The goal of this study is to attain a better understanding on the molecular pathways involved in infective endocarditis supported by and whether therapeutic avenues for the prevention and treatment of IE can be obtained. The use of antibiotic-treated allogeneic tissues have marked antibacterial action, thereby becoming the ideal substitute in native and prosthetic valvular infections. However, the development of effective vaccines against still requires in-depth studies.
Topics: Humans; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Endocarditis; Endocarditis, Bacterial; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus; Staphylococcus aureus
PubMed: 37446247
DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311068 -
Public Health Reviews 2023This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize the evidence on the relationship between physical occupational risks (high physical workload, long working...
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize the evidence on the relationship between physical occupational risks (high physical workload, long working hours, shift work, whole-body vibrations, prolonged standing, and heavy lifting) and preterm birth. A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted across six databases to investigate the relationship between physical occupational risks and preterm birth. A comprehensive analysis of 37 studies with varying sample sizes found moderate evidence of positive associations between high physical workload, long working hours, shift work, whole-body vibration, and preterm birth. Meta-analysis showed a 44% higher risk (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.25-1.66) for preterm birth with long working hours and a 63% higher risk (OR 1.63, 95% CI 1.03-2.58) with shift work. Pregnant women in physically demanding jobs, those working long hours or on shifts, and those exposed to whole-body vibration have an increased risk of preterm birth. Employers should establish supportive workplaces, policymakers implement protective measures, healthcare providers conduct screenings, and pregnant women must stay informed and mitigate these job-related risks. : [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/], Identifier [CRD42022357045].
PubMed: 37937117
DOI: 10.3389/phrs.2023.1606085 -
European Journal of Rheumatology Oct 2023Resveratrol is an antioxidant with anti-inflammatory and cell-protective properties. The aim of our article is to review the use of resveratrol in rheumatic diseases....
Resveratrol is an antioxidant with anti-inflammatory and cell-protective properties. The aim of our article is to review the use of resveratrol in rheumatic diseases. PubMed/Medline, Embase, and Scielo were screened for articles on resveratrol and rheumatic diseases in the period between of January 1966 and March 2023. Five articles were depicted, including 481 patients. The included diseases were osteoarthritis (n=3), rheumatoid arthritis (n=1), and Takayasu arteritis (n=1). The age varied from 32 to 58.2 years, and the female gender ranged from 62% to 74% in the studies. Disease duration ranged from 3.5 ± 3.2 to 9.4 ± 5.8 years. The resveratrol dosage went from 250 mg to 1000 mg/day. All those articles demonstrated improvements in the diverse rheumatic diseases, including pain intensity, function, disease activity (DAS 28), swelling joints, and reduced inflammation markers (erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, interleukinIL-1, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor). No side effects were detected in all studies. In conclusion, resveratrol seems to be a safe therapy for various rheumatic diseases, although the evidence is very limited. The improved subjective and objective complaints and laboratory parameters are promising. However, there is a need to reconfirm, reproduce, and investigate the topic in more extensive, well-controlled, double-blind, cross-over studies.
PubMed: 37873665
DOI: 10.5152/eurjrheum.2023.23064 -
Frontiers in Public Health 2023Cognitive frailty () is characterized by physical frailty and potentially reversible cognitive impairment without Alzheimer's disease and other dementias. Clarifying the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
Cognitive frailty () is characterized by physical frailty and potentially reversible cognitive impairment without Alzheimer's disease and other dementias. Clarifying the prevalence and related factors of cognitive frailty can help researchers understand its epidemiological status and formulate intervention measures. This study aims to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence and related factors of in diabetic patients in Chinas to better understand the current status of in diabetic patients in China and develop effective intervention measures for related factors.
METHODS
PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Weipu(VIP), WANFANG, China Biology Medicine (CBM) and DUXIU were searched to collect epidemiological data on Chinese diabetic patients. Articles published through May 29, 2023, were searched. The number of diabetes with and the total number of diabetes in the included studies were extracted to estimate the prevalence of diabetes with For factors related to diabetes with , odds ratios () and 95% confidence intervals () were used for estimation.
RESULTS
A total of 248 records were screened, of which 18 met the inclusion criteria. The results of meta-analysis showed that the prevalence of Chinese diabetic patients with was 25.8% (95% = 19.7 to 31.9%). Subgroup analysis showed that hospital prevalence was higher than in the community and in women than in men. Combined estimates showed that depression, malnutrition, advanced age (≥70, ≥80), combined chronic diseases ≥4 and glycated hemoglobin ≥8.5 were risk factors for in diabetics patients in China, with regular exercise and high education level (≥ college) as protective factors.
CONCLUSION
Cognitive frailty was common in diabetic patients in China. Such populations should be screened early and intervened with relevant factors.: A systematic review of this study evaluated the registered websites as https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, CRD42023431396.
Topics: Male; Humans; Female; Frailty; Prevalence; Diabetes Mellitus; China; Cognition
PubMed: 37927856
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1249422 -
Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and... Aug 2023This review was made to identify the risk factors for knee osteoarthritis (KOA) in middle-older aged (≥ 40 years), and to provide the newest evidence for the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
PURPOSE
This review was made to identify the risk factors for knee osteoarthritis (KOA) in middle-older aged (≥ 40 years), and to provide the newest evidence for the prevention of KOA.
METHOD
Cohort study and case-control study of the risk factors of KOA was included from Pubmed, Web of Science, Ovid Technologies, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database (VIP), Wanfang Database, SinoMed from their inceptions to July 2023. Two authors independently screened the literature and extracted data. Assessment of quality was implemented according to Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) and Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software.
RESULTS
3597 papers were identified from the seven databases and 29 papers containing 60,354 participants were included in this review. Meta-analysis was performed for 14 risk factors, and 7 of these were statistical significance (P < 0.05). The risk factors which were analyzed in this review included trauma history in knee (1.37 [95% CI 1.03-1.82], P = 0.030), body mass index (BMI) ≥ 24 kg/m (1.30 [95% CI 1.09-1.56], P = 0.004), gender (female) (1.04 [95% CI 1.00-1.09], P = 0.030), age ≥ 40 (1.02 [95% CI 1.01-1.03], P = 0.007), more exercise (0.75 [95% CI 0.62-0.91], P = 0.003), a high school education background (0.49 [95% CI 0.30-0.79], P = 0.003) and an university education background (0.22 [95% CI 0.06-0.86], P = 0.030).
CONCLUSION
The risk factors analyzed in this review included trauma history in knee, overweight or obesity, gender (female), age ≥ 40 and the protective factors included more exercise and a high school or an university education background.
Topics: United States; Humans; Female; Middle Aged; Aged; Osteoarthritis, Knee; Case-Control Studies; Cohort Studies; Risk Factors; Knee Joint
PubMed: 37641050
DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04089-6 -
Maedica Mar 2024Breast cancer is a global public health issue. The disease can be diagnosed in both older and younger women, with the latter facing several dilemmas. Breastfeeding is of...
Breast cancer is a global public health issue. The disease can be diagnosed in both older and younger women, with the latter facing several dilemmas. Breastfeeding is of general concern to the scientific community as well as its connection with the prevention of breast cancer is being sought. The purpose of this review is to search for studies investigating the relationship between breast cancer and breastfeeding. The articles included in the present paper were searched in PubMed and Scopus databases according to PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews. This systematic review sought primary studies investigating the relationship between breastfeeding and breast cancer and that were published in English between 2017-2022. Seventeen articles that investigated the relationship of breast cancer with lactation duration, women's age, family history and lifestyle were included in the present review. It was found that, in most studies, breastfeeding could be evaluated as a protective factor of the disease. From all studied articles, the need for the design of additional studies investigating the relationship between breastfeeding and breast cancer emerges.
PubMed: 38736915
DOI: 10.26574/maedica.2021.19.1.106 -
BJPsych Open Oct 2023The long-term cumulative impact of exposure to childhood adversity is well documented. There is an increasing body of literature examining protective factors following... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The long-term cumulative impact of exposure to childhood adversity is well documented. There is an increasing body of literature examining protective factors following childhood adversity. However, no known reviews have summarised studies examining protective factors for broad psychosocial outcomes following childhood adversity.
AIMS
To summarise the current evidence from longitudinal studies of protective factors for adult psychosocial outcomes following cumulative exposure to childhood adversity.
METHOD
We conducted a formal systematic review of studies that were longitudinal; were published in a peer-reviewed journal; examined social, environmental or psychological factors that were measured following a cumulative measure of childhood adversity; and resulted in more positive adult psychosocial outcomes.
RESULTS
A total of 28 studies from 23 cohorts were included. Because of significant heterogeneity and conceptual differences in the final sample of articles, a meta-analysis was not conducted. The narrative review identified that social support is a protective factor specifically for mental health outcomes following childhood adversity. Findings also suggest that aspects of education are protective factors to adult socioeconomic, mental health and social outcomes following childhood adversity. Personality factors were protective for a variety of outcomes, particularly mental health. The personality factors were too various to summarise into meaningful combined effects. Overall GRADE quality assessments were low and very low, although these scores mostly reflect that all observational studies are low quality by default.
CONCLUSIONS
These findings support strategies that improve connection and access to education following childhood adversity exposure. Further research is needed for the roles of personality and dispositional factors, romantic relationship factors and the combined influences of multiple protective factors.
PubMed: 37855106
DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2023.561 -
Annals of Medicine Dec 2024Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is the most widespread and fatal pulmonary complication of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Existing knowledge on the prevalence and risk... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is the most widespread and fatal pulmonary complication of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Existing knowledge on the prevalence and risk factors of rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD) is inconclusive. Therefore, we designed this review to address this gap.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
To find relevant observational studies discussing the prevalence and/or risk factors of RA-ILD, EMBASE, Web of Science, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library were explored. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) / hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated with a fixed/ random effects model. While subgroup analysis, meta-regression analysis and sensitivity analysis were carried out to determine the sources of heterogeneity, the statistic was utilized to assess between-studies heterogeneity. Funnel plots and Egger's test were employed to assess publication bias. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, our review was conducted.
RESULTS
A total of 56 studies with 11,851 RA-ILD patients were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of RA-ILD was 18.7% (95% CI 15.8-21.6) with significant heterogeneity ( = 96.4%). The prevalence of RA-ILD was found to be more likely as a result of several identified factors, including male sex (ORs = 1.92 95% CI 1.70-2.16), older age (WMDs = 6.89, 95% CI 3.10-10.67), having a smoking history (ORs =1.91, 95% CI 1.48-2.47), pulmonary comorbidities predicted (HRs = 2.08, 95% CI 1.89-2.30), longer RA duration (ORs = 1.03, 95% CI 1.01-1.05), older age of RA onset (WMDs =4.46, 95% CI 0.63-8.29), positive RF (HRs = 1.15, 95%CI 0.75-1.77; ORs = 2.11, 95%CI 1.65-2.68), positive ACPA (ORs = 2.11, 95%CI 1.65-2.68), higher ESR (ORs = 1.008, 95%CI 1.002-1.014), moderate and high DAS28 (≥3.2) (ORs = 1.87, 95%CI 1.36-2.58), rheumatoid nodules (ORs = 1.87, 95% CI 1.18-2.98), LEF use (ORs = 1.42, 95%CI 1.08-1.87) and steroid use (HRs= 1.70, 1.13-2.55). The use of biological agents was a protective factor (HRs = 0.77, 95% CI 0.69-0.87).
CONCLUSION(S)
The pooled prevalence of RA-ILD in our study was approximately 18.7%. Furthermore, we identified 13 risk factors for RA-ILD, including male sex, older age, having a smoking history, pulmonary comorbidities, older age of RA onset, longer RA duration, positive RF, positive ACPA, higher ESR, moderate and high DAS28 (≥3.2), rheumatoid nodules, LEF use and steroid use. Additionally, biological agents use was a protective factor.
Topics: Humans; Male; Rheumatoid Nodule; Prevalence; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Risk Factors; Lung Diseases, Interstitial; Steroids
PubMed: 38547537
DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2332406 -
Transcultural Psychiatry Aug 2023As psychological resilience has been increasingly recognized as contextually constructed, mixed methods studies that map out local ecologies of resilience have become... (Review)
Review
As psychological resilience has been increasingly recognized as contextually constructed, mixed methods studies that map out local ecologies of resilience have become increasingly common. However, the direct adaptation of quantitative tools for cross-cultural use based on qualitative findings has been relatively lacking. The current review aims to provide an overview of existing measures of resilience used cross-culturally and to synthesize the protective and promotive factors and processes (PPFP) of resilience identified within these measures into a single resource. A January 2021 search of PubMed for studies of the development of psychological resilience measures that excluded studies of non-psychological resilience yielded 58 unique measures. These measures contain 54 unique PPFP of resilience, ranging from individual to communal-level characteristics. This review is intended to serve as a complementary tool for adapting standardized measures for stakeholders requiring an assessment tool that is attuned to their context for mental health risk assessment and intervention evaluation.
Topics: Humans; Protective Factors; Cross-Cultural Comparison; Resilience, Psychological
PubMed: 37097913
DOI: 10.1177/13634615231167661 -
Acta Psychologica Jun 2024This systematic review and meta-analysis investigates the relationship between successful aging (SA) and resilience in older adults, focusing on individuals aged 60 and...
BACKGROUND
This systematic review and meta-analysis investigates the relationship between successful aging (SA) and resilience in older adults, focusing on individuals aged 60 and above, to address a significant gap in understanding how resilience contributes to SA.
METHODS
Following the Cochrane review guidelines, we conducted searches in databases such as Web of Science, PsycNet, and PubMed up to December 2021 and used PRISMA as a tool for reporting the results. Our inclusion criteria were studies on psychological resilience and SA in older adults aged 60 and above. Exclusion criteria included studies on physical resilience, medical outcomes of SA, other indicators not used in screened studies (e.g., prevalence, means), populations with suicidal ideation or chronic/palliative illnesses, studies considering resilience as an indicator of SA, and qualitative studies on the association between resilience and SA.
RESULTS
A total of 21 studies were included and assessed for risk of bias using funnel plot and trim-and-fill methods. The meta-analysis revealed a medium effect size indicating a positive relationship between resilience and SA. However, high heterogeneity warrants a cautious interpretation of these results. No significant differences were found between older adults in the general population and those in retirement communities, nor were geographical variations (Asia, Europe, America) found to moderate this relationship.
DISCUSSION
The findings highlight the intrinsic link between older adults' attitudes towards aging, their subjective evaluations, and their level of psychological resilience. Resilience acts as a protective factor against psychological and physical adversities, underscoring the importance of resilience-enhancing strategies in interventions aimed at promoting SA. The conclusions drawn from this analysis should be approached with caution due to the heterogeneity of the included studies.
PubMed: 38897094
DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104357